Prevalencia y factores asociados a acidosis fetal en pacientes con diagnóstico de estado fetal no tranquilizador, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2017.

Abstract

Antecedent: Fetal control during labor through cardiotocographic recording decreases morbidity and mortality and detects hypoxia and requires verification of fetal acidosis by umbilical cord ph. Objective: The objective of the following research is to determine the prevalence of fetal acidosis and the associated factors dependent on the mother in patients diagnosed with a non-reassuring fetal condition admitted to the Department of Obstetrics of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso during the 2017 year. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 185 patients with alteration in fetal monitoring. The sample size was measured with a 14% of prevalence, a 95% of confidence level, and a 5 % of precision and infinite population. The data were collected using direct interviews and medical records. The pH of the umbilical cord was taken in newborns with cardiac alterations in the monitoring. The information was analyzed in the SPSS system, version 15. Results: The predominant age group is from 20-35 years old, with a 62.7 %. A 55.7% are from urban residence, 91.4 % is a schooling between 6 and 12 years of study, and 77.8 % corresponds to a group with overweight and obesity. The prevalence of acidosis was 34.6 %. Of these, 51.6 % with the rupture of the membranes presented fetal acidosis with RP 1.49 (1.01-2.21) and p 0.046. The meconium liquid was present in a 68.8 %, with RP 1.53 (0.99-2.38) and p 0.048. Hypertensive disorders manifested in 26.6% with RP 1.55 (1.02-2.35) p 0.054 Conclusions: The prevalence of fetal acidosis was not similar to what it was reported in the literature, but it was associated with the rupture of the membranes, presence of meconium fluid.