Prevalencia de desnutrición y factores asociados en niños de 1 a 60 meses Hospitalizados en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2017

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a frequent condition in developing countries, with a multifactorial cause that leads to health complications.

General objective: To determine prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in children from 1 to 60 months hospitalized in the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2017.

Materials and methods: analytical, quantitative, cross-sectional study analyzing 203 patients who attended the pediatric service in ages between 1 and 60 months from the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, in the period from January to June 2017. The qualitative variables were presented as absolute and relative frequencies, evaluating association by means of the chi-square test and prevalence ratio, considering p significant less than 0.05, being analyzed by means of the statistical program SPSS in its version 21.

Results: The prevalence of malnutrition was 33.5%, the associated factors were: that the mother was in some extreme age RP = 3.14 (IC95% = 1.83-6.34) p <0.001, rural origin RP = 1.86 (CI95% = 1.00-3.47) p = 0.049, low socioeconomic status RP = 3.80 (IC95% = 1.95-7.04) p <0.001, artificial feeding before 6 months of age RP = 3.15 (95% CI = 1.66-5.97) p <0.001, having low birth weight RP = 10.1; 95% CI = 4.93-20.80; p <0.001 had a chronic disease RP = 4.88 (95% CI = 2.61-9.15) p <0.001, and exclusive breastfeeding RP = 0.19 was found as protective factors (95% CI = 0.09). -0.38) p <0.001, that the mother will dedicate to housework RP = 0.44 (IC95 = 0.24-0.81) p = 0.009 and have complete immunizations RP = 0.24 (0.12-0.48) p <0.001.

Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition in the population studied is high and is associated with demographic factors and maternal and child habits.