Prevalencia de dermatitis atópica y factores asociados en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en consulta externa de dermatología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2017

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is considered as the dermal manifestation of atopy, it is defined as the tendency to overreact to multiple substances and may manifest as different diseases. The specific cause remains unknown. Genetic causes have been detailed, as well as various allergic and non-allergic factors. The frequency of this disease has increased substantially in the world, rising 2 to 5 times in the last 20 years, especially in the pediatric population General Objetive The consequences of allergies in children are related to school absenteeism, behavioral changes, learning disorders and even problems of child abuse. Knowing the prevalence of this disease will allow a better planning of resources for your care. Methodology Quantitative, descriptive and transversal study. The universe was made up of all pediatric patients seen in a dermatological outpatient clinic in the period April - September 2017. The diagnostic criteria of the British working group (1994) were used, which are based on the characteristics of the skin, as well as on the personal and family history of atopy. Results It was found that 28% of the pediatric patients attended had atopic dermatitis, with a higher frequency in the female gender. Patients with atopic history of allergic rhinitis were more likely to experience atopic dermatitis. Conclusions The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the pediatric population treated at the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso is higher than that reported worldwide, in females and with a history of allergic rhinitis.