Caracterización de arcillas y pastas usadas en la elaboración artesanal de ladrillos en la parroquia Susudel y su optimización para la fabricación de ladrillos para recubrimiento de pisos

Abstract

The present work is developed as part of the project "Later Eris: Creativity and Diversification of Susudel brick"; Its objective is to improve the dosage of pastes, so that they can generate new designs of bricks for floor covering, based on the characterization of raw materials and pastes already used in the production of panelboard bricks. 11 clays and 4 different pastes have been characterized, by tests of humidity, granulometry, plasticity, contractions, water absorption and pH. This information will be useful when inferring the behavior of clays in the design of mixtures. As a preliminary analysis of this design, prototypes were made using four different pastes prepared by the artisans for the production of panel-like bricks, resulting in the fact that the Sanglia paste does not need to be modified, while those of Susudel Centro, San Gerónimo and Pullcanga require a new dosage of its components, this is done by a design of mixtures, for the selection of the pastes was considered the lowest percentage of water absorption and the highest modulus of resistance to bending, obtaining for the pasta Nuevo Susudel an optimal mix of 80 % Plastic clay and 20% Sandy clay; for the San Gerónimo paste, an optimal mixture contains 20% of Black clay and 80% of clay Lastre, finally for pulp Pullcanga the best mixture has 16.67% of Black clay, 16.66% of Red clay and a 67 , 66% clay Ballast, at the end of the process, bricks were obtained that allow the generation of new brick designs for floor covering