Zonificación del mercado de consumo eléctrico de la empresa eléctrica Azogues

Abstract

Over sizing and energy losses of electrical grids have affected the reliability and service rate of many electric power distribution and marketing companies, these troubles had led severe economic sanctions and consequently the cost of future investments have been affected. For this reason, the management of these companies has gradually evolved to efficiency focused administration, with the special target of predicting, with the greatest possible accuracy, the current and future demand pattern of each user type, since this will be the central fact to sizing, design and operate the system. A great advantage of estimate the scale and location of future demand is the possibility of optimal variations in the processes, in addition to reduce the long term investments cost, due to substantial reduction of readjustments in electric network and electric equipment that are main responsible for provide energy to users. So, the first step is the area zoning where the users are located, in order to evaluate the current electricity demand situation in each sector. Zoning procedure proposed in this document evaluate the average consumer monthly demand to elaborate a strata map and density map about user’s demand, with that can be clearly noted the average consumption and the density of currently load for each zone of concession area of Azogues Electric Company. To do this, a stratification alternative is presented which propose determine the ideal number of groups in which divide users of each type of tariff (residential, commercial and industrial) under the concept of hierarchical agglomerates and k-means method and with the help of the method proposed by Dalenius & Hodges (1959) define the limits (ranges) of each of these groups. These concepts are also used in the elaboration of the density map to define the number of groups in which the load density present in the concession area will be divided, and limits of each of these groups. Was calculated also the maximum unit demand for each stratum of residential customers, based on concepts proposed by REA method (Rural Electrification Administration), to later elaborate a table of maximum diversified demands for users with induction cooking and users without induction cooking