Factores asociados al ausentismo laboral y los costos que representa en la Universidad de Cuenca – periodo de análisis año 2015 y 2016

Abstract

The problem of work absenteeism is very common in all type of organizations; it has considerable consequences such as losses in productivity, impact on the absent worker and especially great economic losses. The aim of this project is to analyze the behavior of work absenteeism, the associated factors and the costs they represent in the University of Cuenca during 2015 and 2016. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. A population of 1,821 collaborators was studied in 2015; while 1,735 were studied in 2016. The variables were analyzed in terms of measures of central tendency (average and mode) and dispersion (median), as well as Chi square test, Mann Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis. The variables of Age, Position, Sex, Work Area, Type of hiring, Absences, months of highest absenteeism were taken and analyzed in number and frequency. Results: A total of 1,563 certificates of leave were registered, with a greater incidence in the female sex with 63%, the average of days lost among the two sexes have a statistically significant relationship (P=0,000˂0,05). The main cause of absenteeism were the diseases that affects the respiratory system (26.04%), musculoskeletal problems represent the 12.16%. There is a statistically significant relationship (P=0,000˂0,05) between the causes that rise absenteeism and the sex of the population. The approximate cost of absenteeism during the time studied was $ 801,439.10. Conclusions: The main cause of absenteeism was the affections of the respiratory system, with greater incidence in the female sex and in workers between 26 to 35 years old.