Microorganismos aislados y su resistencia antimicrobiana en la neumonía asociada al ventilador mecánico, en adultos hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Vicente corral Moscoso. Período 2014-2016

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia represents a potentially fatal pathology. According to data from the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador, in 2013, the annual mortality rate due to this pathology, varies between 24% and 75% in hospitals(1). OBJECTIVE: Determine isolated microorganisms and their antimicrobial resistance in ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Period 2014-2016. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016. The universe of 77 cases, included medical records of patients diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Direct observation of medical records was used as a technique and a data collection form elaborated by the authors was completed. RESULTS: Out of a universe of 77 cases, it was evident that: there were more cases during 2016 and in male patients with 54.5%. The most affected age group were patients over 90 years of age with 28.6% and the most commonly used diagnostic method was bronchoalveolar lavage. In addition, the most frequently isolated microorganism was Klebsiella Pneumoniae with 22.1%. CONCLUSIONS: The microorganisms most frequently isolated were Gram negative and the antimicrobial resistance found shows that in most of them can be used broad-spectrum antibiotics, since the most common antibiotics have high resistance percentages