Inventario y evaluación de las principales tecnologías de construcción de viviendas sociales aplicadas en Cuenca

Abstract

In the city of Cuenca, social housing projects have been developed, seeking benefit to the majority of number in low-income families. Most of these projects have emerged from urgent necessities; as natural disasters, which is why the time to be developed is short. The reduction in terms and economic resources leads the real estate sector to search for options in building technologies, resulting in an advance in the construction field. As an alternative to evaluate this technological advance, an inventory of social housing projects is done, which is developed in the city. Among the entities that plan these projects, the most important ones are: the public municipal company of urban planning and housing (EMUVI-EP) that has 9 projects until now and the ministry of urban development and housing (MIDUVI). Through interviews with construction technicians, designers, and inspectors, architectural, structures and construction details are obtained, which allowed to identify the different construction technologies used in the inventoried projects. As the most constructive technologies used in the city of Cuenca are identified as: traditional constructive technology. Housing with metal structure, rubble work and constructions with metal forms. A complete description of the outstanding construction technologies is developed, presenting advantages and disadvantages of the different options. Nowadays in Cuenca, there are no evidence of advances in terms of construction technologies, Most professionals develop their projects using conventional techniques; however, the use of metallic forms and prefabricated elements contributes with a reduction of execution in time to modulate projects.