Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y factores asociados en mujeres con cáncer de mama del Instituto del Cáncer, SOLCA, Cuenca. Cuenca-Ecuador, 2017 - 2018

Abstract

Background: The Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) allows to evaluate the functioning of the oncological patient in its different areas (physical, emotional, social), doing it from the own perspective of the woman. Multiple factors have been described-presented (sociodemographic and clinical) that influence its modification. Objective: To determine the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and risk factors in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Method and materials: This is a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study. It was worked with a sample of 174 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer. The validated FACT-B test was used to determine the HRQoL, and also a form of sociodemographic and clinical data collection was applied. The information was analyzed with the programs Excel 2013 and SPSS version 23.0 for Windows. Percentages, frequencies, PR with CI95% and P-value were reported. Results: The good HRQoL was 68.97% (n = 120), and the poor one was 31.03% (n = 54). The subscale called personal functioning capacity was the most affected (41.95%).The risk factors and their values were: age> 50 years old RP: 2.275 (95% CI: 1135-4.559), p = 0.019, not having higher education RP: 2,140 (95% CI: 0.872-5.249), p = 0.091, advanced clinical stage (III - IV) RP: 19,276 (95% CI: 7,892-47,086), p = 0.000. Conclusion: The prevalence of HRQOL was good (68,97%) and was poor (31,03%). The risk factors were: age> 50 years old, no higher education, and advanced clinical stage. The chemotherapy influenced only the social-familiar environment subscale, but not the general QoL.