Autoestima en adolescentes con y sin padres emigrantes de la parroquia Gualleturo de Cañar: estudio comparativo

Abstract

The present research was conducted in the Gualleturo town in the province of Cañar (Ecuador) in the year 2017 with the aim to know and to compare the levels of self-esteem in adolescents with and without migrant parents. This a quantitative non-experimental research with a comparative type. The study was conducted with 122 participants; 61 children of migrant parents and 61 adolescents without migrant parents in a range age of 12 to 19 years old. It was used the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Scale for Adolescents, validated in Chile in 1989. The results have shown that the participants were at an average level of self-esteem. The level of self-esteem in which the participants were found in each area evaluated did not turn out to be significantly different between the two study groups: children of migrant and non-migrant parents. However, there were slightly higher levels of self-esteem in women, compared to men, in some of the dimensions evaluated. In the group of students without migrant parents, people in late adolescence had significantly higher scores than the other groups in the self-esteem dimensions: general and total. In a general way, it is concluded that there is no significant difference in the levels of self-esteem among the participating groups, being able to conclude, too, that parental migration does not play a direct role in the way in which the left behinded adolescents perceive themselves. Apparently, the development of self-esteem is determined by multiple factors.