Resistencias bacterianas en muestras de pacientes hospitalizados en el Instituto de Seguridad Social José Carrasco Arteaga, enero - diciembre 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bacterial resistance is a global health problem due to the emergence of new bacterial mechanisms, causing an epidemiological alert due to the ineffectiveness of antibiotics, which is a therapeutic challenge. Through INSPI, Ecuador monitors bacterial resistance genotypically in unusual bacteria, incorporating 21 hospitals in the country, studies have allowed to generate alerts against epidemiological outbreaks in order to prevent the spread of infections. (1) GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To know the bacterial resistance in samples of patients hospitalized in the José Carrasco Arteaga Social Security Institute, January - December 2016. METHODOLOGY: The present study is of a descriptive and retrospective type, which is constituted by a universe of 2095 microbiological cultures, of which 1094 presented sensitivity and 1001 developed mechanisms of bacterial resistance, for the analysis of the data emitted by the microbiology area. In the period January - December 2016, programs such as SPSS v15 and Microsoft Excel were used. RESULTS: In 2016, 1001 bacteria with resistance mechanisms were isolated, the most frequent were: Staphylococcus coagulase negative with 374 and Escherichia coli with 287 isolates in all the hospital areas, the most frequent resistances were MRS 37.9%, BLEEs 36.7% BLACT with 11.9% and HLSR, HLGR 4.2% present in urine, secretion and blood predominating in the male sex in the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: Staphylococcus coagulase negative and Escherichia coli were the most isolated bacteria, with MRS and ESBLs being frequent in urine, blood and secretions samples with prevalence in males in 2016