Efecto fitotóxico de soluciones con diferentes concentraciones de antibióticos (amoxicilina, ciprofloxacina y sulfametoxazol) sobre el desarrollo de semillas de especies nativas de amaranto, ataco y quinua

Abstract

Emerging pollutants are a major concern worldwide because of the risks associated with their presence in the different environmental compartments, however, there are still not many studies on this and even less regulations. In Ecuador, no research has been conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of the antibiotics presence in the aquatic environment on native species. This research determined at the laboratory level, the phytotoxic effect of solutions with different concentrations of frequently used antibiotics, which could be those with the greatest impact in the aquatic environment, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin on the development of seeds of three native species of the Andes (Amaranthus caudatus L., Amaranthus quitensis hybridus L. and Chenopodium quinoa wild). The bioessays were carried out according to the acute toxicity method for seeds of Lactuca sativa, adapted by Sobrero. It was determined that the most sensitive variable to the exposure of antibiotics was elongation of the radicle, germination had no significant effect at the ranges studied. The antibiotic with the highest toxic effect on the amaranth, ataco and quinoa species was sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin had a lower toxic effect, and amoxicillin did not present evidence of toxicity through the indicators radicle elongation and hypocotyl elongation, in concentrations of exposition.