Análisis del intercambio cooperativo de energía eléctrica adicionando restricciones en microredes eléctricas

Abstract

The Electric Distribution Systems are currently supplied by the large Electrical Substations, which are in charge of feeding the consumers through the distribution networks. Now, with the use of alternative energies (wind, photovoltaic, etc.), this system changed its structure to the so-called Smart Grid. This network has many benefits for supplying demand, as well as helping to strengthen the power system and reduce electrical losses. The great advantage of a Smart Grid is to have its generation in the vicinity of the load, which leads to find the best offer of each generating or selling company electric power. The algorithm considered the best location of the distributed generation, to be able to supply the demand and reduce the losses of energy. This investigation presents an alternative for the optimization of energy losses within a smart grid. It is intended that under the concept of Cooperative Games Theory; find an algorithm that helps to improve the exchange of electric energy, reduce losses in such exchange, as well as reduce costs. The Theory of Cooperative Games seeks to form the best group or coalition (seller, buyer) that the system requires to supply the demand at a reduced cost. With this, the user can consider which generation (photovoltaic, wind, hydro, etc.) to buy the energy and what benefit (reduction of losses and costs) have with that coalition.