Infecciones vaginales y factores de riesgo relacionados en pacientes atendidas en el Área de Ginecología del Centro de Especialidades Central Cuenca (IESS), 2016

Abstract

Background: leucorrhoea and vaginal pruritus are the main causes of gynecological consultation, are related to infections; timely and comprehensive diagnosis is the fundamental pillar to reduce recurrences that interfere with quality of life. Material and methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study; sample: 430 Gynecology patients from the Centro de Especialidades Central Cuenca (IESS). Forms were applied, samples were taken: fresh, Gram, Papanicolaou and colposcopy. Descriptive analysis was carried out: frequencies, percentages, means, DS; the association was determined by Odds Ratio and confidence intervals (95%). Significant results were considered: values of p <0.05. Results: sample conformed by women between 25-44 years (80%) (35.85 ± 7.5); urban residence: 71.2%; married: 57.2%; full upper instruction: 37.2%; multiparous 56%; mestizas: 99.5%; Typical average economic level (43%). The vaginal infection was 62.1% (267); Bacterial vaginosis (VB): 62.92%; candidiasis: 30.33%; trichomoniasis: 6.74%. Colposcopy altered in 66%, Nugent criteria: VB: 43.5%. Papanicolaou altered: 24.2%; Amsel criteria: VB: 21.9%. Start of sexual life between 12-18 years: 48.7% (average: 19.87 ± 4.2); sexual partners: between 2-4: 53% (mean: 2.19 ± 1.6); frequency of relations / week: 1 in 37.4% (average: 1.74 ± 1.2); previous diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection (STD): Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in 68.6%; they used planning methods: 49.1%; low socio-economic level: 13.2%; no significant relationship was found between the variables of possible risk and the presence of infections. Conclusions: the prevalence of vaginal infections was high, especially Bacterial Vaginosis and there were no risk factors related to: BV, candidiasis or trichomoniasis