Lesiones músculo-esqueléticas en operarios de la Unión Cementera Nacional Azogues, 2016

Abstract

Background: Ergonomics studies the interaction of man against physical requirements (posture, strength, movement) (1). Objective: To determine the risk of musculoskeletal injuries by applying the OWAS method to operators of the National Cement Union (UCEM) of the city of Azogues, 2016. Methodology: A descriptive observational, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out on the universe comprised of 70 workers from the company UCEM in the city of Azogues. Informed consent was given and for the data collection the OWAS method was applied. Results: We evaluated 70 workers with an average of 33 years; The highest percentage worked for 1-5 years (62.9%), with a predominance of static posture (54.3%). According to OWAS, 44.3% with risk 1; 32.9% with risk 2; 18.6% with risk 3; 4.3% at risk 4. At age 45-54 the risk predominates 2, only the 25-34 and 35-44 years are at risk 4; the workers with dynamic posture have a higher percentage of risk 3 and 4; the group of mechanics is the only one with risk 4. In relation to the time of labor, operators of less than one year have equal percentage of risk 1 and 3; and the group of 16-20 years have a predominance of risk 2. Conclusions: Although 44.3% of Operators present normal posture, the following percentage corresponds to the possibility of causing damage to the Musculoskeletal System (32.9%), so it would be necessary to take preventive measures in the future