Factores predisponentes de preeclampsia en gestantes de 15 - 35 años Centro de Salud nº1 Pumapungo Cuenca, 2016

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia has a prevalence ranging from 1.8-16.7%, its cause remains unknown and is associated with major health problems, with many challenges for prediction, prevention and treatment.

General objective. To determine the predisposing factors of Preeclampsia in pregnant women aged 15-35 years Pumapungo Health Center, Cuenca 2016.

Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective and cross - sectional study was carried out with a sample of 92 clinical records of pregnant women attending the Pumapungo Health Center, aged between 15-35 years. A data collection form proposed by Chapalbay of year 2010 was applied. Statistical analyzes were performed with the SPSS 15 program. The results are presented in frequency tables and percentages.

Results: it was found that of the total sample, 7.61% were diagnosed with preeclampsia. In the age group of 26 to 35 years, the highest frequency of preeclamptic patients was presented with 8.2%; of the pregnant women who presented preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy, 8.3% had recurrence of the disease. As for the pregnant women with a related family history, 8.3% had preeclampsia. The women who had preeclampsia were: 14.3% of the obese women, 40% of the hypertensive pregnant women, 33.3% of the multigestive women, 8% of the multiparous women and 7.9% had regular controls (4-6 controls).

Conclusion. The factors that influenced preeclampsia were: age, history of preeclampsia, family history, pregestational pathologies and being primiparous.