Características de la tuberculosis en pacientes con sida en los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora y Teófilo Dávila en el periodo 2012-2014

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitales during January 2012 and December 2014. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and retrospective investigation was carried out, clinical records information was obtained, and patients with HIV / AIDS were included in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitals during January 2012 and December 2014. Patients whose records were incomplete were excluded. Data were collected on a form and processed using the SPSS V 22.0 program using absolute frequency, percentage and measures of central tendency. RESULTS: A total of 95 cases of tuberculosis were diagnosed in patients with HIV / AIDS from which the 83.2% (79 cases) corresponded to Teófilo Dávila Hospital. The majority were diagnosed in 2012 (38.9%). The most frequent age group was 16-30 years (41.1%), the male sex (78.9%) and the place of residence the Province of El Oro (85.2%). The most cases were pulmonary tuberculosis with (74.7%), a 36.8% of patients had a diagnosis time of 1 to 2 years and 93.7% had no history of contact with people with tuberculosis. In the cases of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, bacilloscopy was used as the main diagnostic criterion, with 41.4% and 78.6%, respectively. The 29.3% had positive bacilloscopy results and 6.4% had a positive culture result. As for the clinical diagnostic criteria presented cough 47.4%, weight loss 31.6%, asthenia 30.5%, diaphoresis 22.1%, and poor general condition 13.7%. In addition, CD4 values were observed, with a mean of 234.64 and viral load with an average of 134 494.93 copies. A mortality of 32.6% was evidenced during the three years studied. CONCLUSIONS: There was a greater frequency of tuberculosis- HIV / AIDS co-infection at the Teófilo Dávila Hospital. Young and male patients were the most affected. The smear microscopy is the most used diagnostic method and the mortality associated with this pathology is high.