Evaluación del equilibrio estático y dinámico en los adultos mayores del Centro Gerontológico María Reina de la Paz, Cuenca 2016

Abstract

Background. - In Ecuador there is a rapid change in the generational balance, where the demographic aging has increased, which would represent 18% of the adult population by 2050, which is why it is important to carry out projects from Primary Care In Health and thus to avoid possible accidents of the locomotive apparatus like falls by alteration of the balance and other associated factors (1). According to the WHO, older adults suffer the most fatal falls, being more frequent in women (2). Thus, individuals with impaired balance have a 95.0% higher prevalence of falls compared to those without imbalance (3). Objective. - To evaluate the static and dynamic balance in the Elderly Adults of the Maria Reina de la Paz Gerontological Center Methodology. - The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out in a population of 75 older adults, in whom two tests were applied: the UNIPODAL APOYO test for static balance and the TIMED GET UP AND GO test for the Dynamic balance. For tabulation and data collection, we performed a database in the Excel program, analysis with SPSS version 20 and data exposure through frequency tables. Results. - The results of the research show that 85.3% of the population are female, 44% are widowers, 60% are unemployed and the average age of the elderly is 78.04 years. The average balance test results, right unipodal support was 6.08 seconds which in its interpretation is normal, in the left unipodal support test the time was 4.89 seconds which is high risk of falling; And in the test of the timed get up and go the time was 11.89 seconds which is slight fall watering. Women and people older than 81 years are those who are at greatest risk of falls due to altered static and dynamic balance. Conclusion. - Women and the elderly at 81 years of age are more at risk of falls due to altered static and dynamic balance. There is an increased risk of fall due to impaired static balance in left unipodal support. The tests used in this research are easy and quick to perform, as well as being economically useful and of great importance in future research