Frecuencia de adherencia al tratamiento antihipertensivo y factores asociados en adultos mayores en el Cantón Sevilla de Oro. 2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a public health problem whose increase in its prevalence is associated with complications and deterioration of the quality of life of the people, which can negatively influence the adherence to treatment in these patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of adherence to antihypertensive treatment and associated factors in older adults in Cantón Sevilla de Oro 2015. Materials and Methods: A quantitative analytical study was carried out on 170 elderly hypertensive patients from the Canton Sevilla de Oro, Azuay, 2015. The research techniques were the interview and the application of the Morinsky Green-Levine test; Bonilla test to evaluate the factors that influence pharmacological and non-pharmacological adherence, for comorbidity the Charslon index and the APGAR for family functionality. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. In order to evaluate association, the statistical methods of chi square were used, taking as significant a value of p <0.05, prevalence ratio (RP), a 95% Confidence Interval and an error index of 5%. The information processing was performed in the SPSS version 22 program. Results: the frequency of adherence according to Bonilla was 30.0%. No association was found with age, sex, occupation, family type, socioeconomic factor, health system related, patient related, polypharmacy, comorbidities, and family functionality. The association of adherence with instruction (RP = 2.012 95% CI: 1.049-3.857, p <0.011) was identified, and the therapy factors (RP = 2.042, 95% CI: 1.498-2.782, p <0.000). Conclusions: The frequency of adherence was 30%, and association of adherence with instruction and therapy factors was found