Relación entre los factores biopsicosociales, funcionalidad familiar y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños escolarizados de 5ª 9 años de la parroquia de Machángara, durante 2015-2016

Abstract

Objective. To determine the relationship between biopsychosocial factors, family functionality, overweight, and obesity in schoolchildren aged 5 to 9 years of the Machángara parish 2015-2016.

Methods and materials. A mixed study was conducted: the BMI with WHO / MSP tables, the questionnaire and the FF-SIL family function test were used in the quantitative part to describe the characteristics of the population and the relation with the associated factors. In the qualitative part, we described the parents' perceptions regarding family, overweight and obesity food practices and their relationship.

Results. The prevalence was 17.6% of overweight and 12.4% of obesity, and a statistically significant positive association was found when the number of siblings was 2 or less (RP 1.7 CI 95% 1.089-2.936). There was no statistically significant association, but overweight in children was more frequent, when there was a history of obesity in the parents, in those who did little physical activity and in those who used new generation technologies more than 2 hours a day, in the type of obesity. Nuclear family, and functional families. The parents' perception of overweight and obesity was related to family feeding practices and knowledge of obesity.

Conclusions. Overweight and obesity were associated with the number of siblings with a risk of 1.7 times higher if the family had up to 2 children