Valoración de la disminución agudeza visual relacionada con alteraciones de la refracción en niños de 6-13 años en la Unidad Educativa Tres de Noviembre en el periodo 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Since ancient times they have developed methods and instruments to measure AV. (1) There are currently optotypes with letters, figures and numbers such as the Snellen table. (2) Decreased AV by refractive disorders are common problems in school children. The province of Bolívar estimated that 23.85% of school children presented visual alterations, with the women being affected. (4) GENERAL OBJETIVE: Evaluate the decreased of visual acuity related with refraction alterations in childrens of 6 - 13 years in the Tres de Noviembre school in the period 2016. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive – transversal study. The universe is composed by 1000 students of School Tres de Noviembre, We work with a sample of 218 students, with a rate of 95% of confidence, with a probability of error of 10 %. Data was recollected by assessing visual acuity. For the analysis of variable we employed frequencies, percentages and we tabulated this information with programs Excel and SPSS. RESULTS: The prevalence of decreased of visual acuity was 20.7% of which 16.7% improvement using the stenopeic occluder, The largest visual deficit corresponding to females with 21.3% and 19.5% to male. According to the most vulnerable age it is between the ages of six to seven years with a 35.5%, who have a greater visual deficit.

CONCLUSIONS: The visual deficit affects more to the right eye in females and is most prevalent between the ages of 6 to 7 years. So early diagnosis should relapse in this group