Efectos hemodinámicos en bloqueo caudal con bupivacaína en niños/as sometidos a cirugía de hemicuerpo inferior. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca. Enero 2014 – julio 2015

Abstract

Background: the caudal block with bupivacaine, is an anesthetic technique widely used in children, due to its ease of use, which is performed under general anesthesia in the surface plane; however, there may be phenomena of cardiotoxicity as tachycardia, neurotoxicity as well as seizures, depending on the dose used and associated comorbidities.

Objetive: determine the hemodynamic effects in caudal block with bupivacaine in children / as undergoing surgery for lower body. José Carrasco Arteaga Cuenca Hospital from January 2014 to July 2015.

Methodology: descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study. Data were collected from hospital records intraoperative José Carrasco Arteaga, admitted forms and tabulated in the SPSS V.15 program through rate, mean, and percentages. It is presenting results data through charts and graphs, and meeting the objectives was analyzed.

Results: frequent age was between 2 to 3 years, and average of 4.59 ± 3.1 years; more frequent weight between 10-19 kg, average 18.3 ± 8.6 kg, predominant sex was male with 78 %. The most common surgery: circumcision with 31.3 %. The change in heart rate was decreased to 10 % in most variables. And the change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was decreased between 11 and 20 %. Oxygen saturation increased to 10% of the baseline. The basic anesthetic used most frequently with sevoflurane was 69.6 %.

Conclusions: hemodynamic variables were similar behavior in relation to personal characteristics. Surgery with greater variation in hemodynamics of patients with caudal block was orchidopexy; the most frequent surgery was circumcision caudal block, bupivacaine dose most commonly used was 2 mg/kg.