Evaluación de pollos camperos en producción intensiva y semi-intensiva con suplementación de extracto de quillaja y residuos de hortalizas

Abstract

This project evaluated the following aspects: the daily weight gain, weekly consumption, productivity index, mortality, feed conversion, cost per kg of meat, pigmentation in shanks, fat percentage and the effect of the extract of Quillaja as coccidiostat, under two farming systems, intensive and semi-intensive. Quillaja extract was used 0.1% of inclusion in the food.

The project was carried out in the province of Azuay, Cuenca canton, San Joaquin parish, “Balzay Bajo” sector. 300 redbro Hubbard chicks of one day old were used. The chicks were randomly distributed in a randomized block designed with 3 treatments, each with 5 replicates and 20 chicks per experimental unit.

The treatments were: T1: control, housed chicks in intensive system; T2: housed in intensive system plus a modified diet consisted in the addition of quillaja extract 0.1%; T3: semi-intensive system with the same diet T2 system, the chicks which received this treatment, 28 days old, had access to an enclosed green area, which had a forage mixture of Ryegrass-Lucerne and also waste vegetables from the area were added to their diet.

The experiment lasted 56 days, no significant differences in daily weight gain, productivity index, feed conversion, cost per kg of meat and fat percentage (p> 0.05) were not evidenced, whereas, weekly consumption and mortality showed significant differences (p <0.05).

In other variables a better pigmentation intensity was observed in T3 (p <0.05), whereas infestation coccidia there were not any differences between treatments was observed (p>0.05), indicating that the application of the Quillaja extract had a similar anticoccidial effect as program used in T1