Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en el adulto mayor en las parroquias urbanas del cantón Cuenca, 2015

Abstract

Introduction: In our days there has been an increasing of elderly population in Ecuador, where the tree causes of death are: diabetes, hypertensive illnesses and cerebrovascular diseases. Those are etipathologically related to the metabolic syndrome. Objective: To determine the incidence of the metabolic syndrome among elderly people in the urban pririshes of Cuenca, 2015. Methodology and materials: This is a descriptive research that was developed among three hundred eighty seven elderly people of both sexes whose ages were from 65 years old. The study excluded elderly adults with mentally deficiency, consciousness disruption, and physical disability and with evidence of applied diabetes. To collect data, a survey was applied and some tests were made such as: fasting glycemia, cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipids (HDL) tests and anthropometric measures. The data gathered were analyzed statistically through EpiInfo, Microsoft excel 2010 and the SPSS software. Data was presented using tables, graphics, percentages, and frequencies of descriptive statistics. Results: The mean of age resulted in 73 years old. The 63.67% were women and the 36.43% were men. The 35.4% of the population had a primary level of instruction. The incidence of the metabolic syndrome was of 54.01%, the 61.38% was among women and the 91.13% was among men. Most elderly people were 65 and 74 years old, with a 53.2% and a 58.14%, respectively with, incomplete studies. According to the BMI, 49.72% of elderly adults with the metabolic syndrome (MS) had overweight and obesity. The ATP III criterion found in the research was abdominal obesity with a 78.81%; followed by the decrease of cholesterol serum, with a 74.42% and high blood pressure, with a 48.32%.