Relación cráneo cervical en pacientes clase I, II, y III esqueletal entre 9 y 18 años de edad, mediante radiografías cefálicas laterales de un centro radiológico de la ciudad de cuenca.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the craniocervical relationship in skeletal class I, II, and III subjects, between 9 and 18 years old, using lateral cephalograms, taken from a radiology center of the city of Cuenca, using the cranio cervical analisys proposed by Rocabado. Materials and methods: 161 lateral digital cephalograms were analized, of both sexes, with average age of 12.3 years (SD ± 2.4). There were included lateral cephalograms of patients with mixed and permanent dentition, without history of orthodontic treatment and where whom is observed until the sixth cervical vertebra. There were excluded radiographs of patients with open bite, maxillofacial trauma and poor quality radiographs. The cephalometric analysis was made in the cephalometric program Nemoceph NX, where the skeletal pattern was determined by the SNA, SNB, ANB and APDI angles. The assessment of cervical posture, was performed by the cráneo cervical analysis proposed by Rocabado. An ICC of 0.94 was obtained before the analisys. Relation between variables was made using descriptive statistics and Chi square and T test. Results: Posterior rotation of the cranium ocurred most frecuently in skeletal class I and II. Statistically significant differences were found between men and women with skeletal class II. Women showed a higher posterior rotation of the skull rotation unlike men. (P = 0.004). Skeletal class III individual showed a normal relationship. The suboccipital space in the three skeletal classes presented normally. No significant differences were found in respect to age. Conclusions: Cranio cervical posture of the skull is presented with a tendency to posterior rotation of the cranium, strongly influenced by the sex of individuals. The suboccipital space is normal in skeletal class I and II, but with a tendency to increase in class III.