Prevalencia de déficit intelectual en niños de 5 a 10 años. servicio de pediatría. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, y factores asociados, Cuenca. 2014

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of intellectual deficit on children from 5-10 years old in the pediatrics area of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of Cuenca, and associated factors, January-December 2014. Methodology: an transversal, analytical study in the pediatrics area of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of Cuenca, the sample was calculated with the 11% of prevalence based on the study of Huiracocha et al Cuenca 2012, 95% of confidence, 10% of loss, the total 256 participants; The selection was done randomly and the intellectual deficit was determined by using the Goodenough test. The data were collected on a form, after pilot test, which sets out the variables to study according to the guidelines Huiracocha et al study, data were entered on SPSS version 15. Descriptive statistics were realized through frequencies and percentages for the qualitative variables and means with standard deviations for the continuous quantitative data. The statistical association was obtained by means of prevalence reasons, confidence patterns and P-values. Findings: 68.4% nuclear families, 98.4% functional families, 83.2% mother is the primary caregiver. 21.5% have an undernourishment problem, 11.7% obesity, 67.6% attended child development centers, 0.4% had an inadequate school performance. The prevalence of intellectual deficit was of 4%, and was associated (p <0.05) to a middle low or low socio-economic level, inadequate nutrition, non-attendance to child development centers, dysfunctional or non-nuclear families and inadequate school performance. Was identified two cases above 140 IQ, according to the DSM 5 classification corresponds to a level of intelligence "almost genius." Conclusions: Prevalence of intellectual deficit in hospitalized children is lower than that reported by Huiracocha et al in 2012 and is associated with all proposed factors