Evaluación de la disfunción cognitiva posoperatoria en pacientes adultos mayores sometidos a anestesia general en los Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca 2013 – 2015

Abstract

Introduction: The postoperative cognitive dysfunction, confusion and delirium are common after general anesthesia in the elderly, with symptoms that persist for months or years in some patients. The prevalence of cognitive impairment differs to a greater or lesser frequency depending on the test employee of the studied population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older adult patients having surgery under general anesthesia in hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2013-2015. Material and methods: We performed a cross-sectional observational study. With a sample of 249 elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia in hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the characteristics of the sample and the prevalence of cognitive impairment using absolute and relative frequencies. To determine the association between these variables with cognitive impairment was bivariate analysis . Chi squared and p value <0.05 was used to value as statistically significant ; the odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% Results: The observed prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia in Hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and Jose Carrasco Arteaga is 40.9 %, with 95% CI: 31.7 - 50.1. The highest frequency (52.3 %) corresponds to cognitive impairment patients between 69 and 99 years. Primary was the most common instruction level (57%). According to the physical status of patients (41.2 %) they were assessed as ASA II (50 %) as ASA III and IV. By the time of anesthetic exposure, cognitive impairment was more common in patients who were 90 to 360 minutes of exposure (41%). It was identified that as the age of patients increases the risk of cognitive impairment increases. Chi square 8.54, OR 3.39 with 95% CI: 1.47 to 7.82