Prevalencia de niños de bajo peso al nacer y restriccion de crecimiento intrauterino y factores maternos asociados, en los recién nacidos de la Clinica Humanitaria, Cuenca-Ecuador, 2015.

Abstract

General Objective: To establish the prevalence of low birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction and maternal risk factors associated in newborns in the Humanitarian Clinic; Cuenca - Ecuador, 2013. Methods: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study type, the universe was made were all live births in the year 2013 (1238) with a sample of 157 infants (confidence level 95%), of which the form was revised # 051 Medical history getting all the associated factors; The results were processed in EPI statistics program in July. Results: It was found that the prevalence of underweight is 11.38%, and intrauterine growth restriction is 8.2%; associated factors for developing low birth weight is inadequate weight gain during pregnancy (p = 0.01, OR 5.98 95% CI 1.31 to 27.3), as there are 5.9 times more risk if suffering it mother does not increase its weight in 8-16 kg during pregnancy; besides the risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction are inadequate prenatal care (p = 0.04, OR 0.47 95% CI 0.22 to 0.99) as having five or more prenatal controls is a protective factor to prevent the development of intrauterine growth restriction in the newborn, and maternal anemia and having values greater than 11 grams of hemoglobin in pregnancy helps prevent the newborn has intrauterine growth restriction (p = 0 01, OR 0.40 95% CI 0.19 to 0.86). Conclusions: The prevalence of low birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction is 11.38% and 8.2% respectively, associated factors for low birth weight is inadequate weight gain during pregnancy and for the restriction intrauterine growth are inadequate prenatal and maternal anemia. Keywords: LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION, GESTATIONAL AGE, GYNECOOBSTETRIC BACKGROUND, HISTORY OF REPRODUCTIVE AND MATERNAL MEDICAL HISTORY.