Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de artrosis utilizando el cuestionario COPCORD, en personas mayores de 18 años, del Cantón Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay. Año 2014

Abstract

Objective: Determine the prevalence and risk factors for osteoarthritis in residents over 18 years old of canton Cuenca. Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study was designed, with a sample of the population of the canton Cuenca 2500 people who are over 18 and agree to participate in the study, ILAR-COPCORD questionnaire, adapted to our environment was used, which helps us identify subjects with rheumatic symptoms through an interview, that includes questions about symptoms and adaptation to the problem, before the study, the interviewers were trained to properly take the data, A pilot was conducted prior to collection in a different study population, validating the questionnaire, before data collection in a different study population, validating the questionnaire, collection of data was conducted jointly with general medical and rheumatologists supervision, then we tabulated and analyzed to obtain the data presented in the results. Results: The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the hand is 5.64% (CI: 4.73 to 6.54) and knee osteoarthritis is 7.8% (CI: 6.03-8,13%), we found a ratio of 5-1 and 3-1 female / male for hand and knee osteoarthritis respectively, there is a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis of the hand and knee that increases with age. There is increased risk of osteoarthritis of the hand and knees if you have a history of diabetes, hypertension, heart problems, obesity; obese people have 2 to 4 times more likely to develop osteoarthritis and hand and knee respectively, there are 3 times more likely to develop osteoarthritis of the hands and 2 times more likely to develop osteoarthritis of the knee if you have as occupation housework. Conclusions: The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the hand is 5.64% and knee osteoarthritis is 7.8, is higher in women than men, higher prevalence as age increases, and is causally associated with comorbidities of the study population.