Técnicas para la recuperación de los conocimientos de los estudiantes en el área de matemáticas

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the importance of prior knowledge in the learning process, mainly in the construction of mathematical knowledge, in order to identify techniques to retrieve previous information as input for teaching mathematics. For this research it’s used a collection bbibliographic and taken as principal approach the constructivism and meaningful learning of David Ausubel, further of the Gascón's contributions regarding the epistemology of mathematics; and the Update and Fortifications the 2010 Curriculum in mathematics, in order to answer the following questions: How important have prior knowledge in the construction of the new information? What techniques allow recovery of prior knowledge? The results show that prior knowledge are fundamental in the construction of new information because they are the basis for an anchor between what we know and what we want to know,for only then learning will be significant. In mathematics is essential that teachers see this area as a science that is constantly being built and that the student is not an empty human being but possessing mathematical information coming from daily experience. Finally, were collected techniques that allow the activation of prior knowledge as game, problem solving, guided discussion, manipulation, which although they are not necessarily exclusive of mathematics, can be adapted to the particularities of this area.