Salud general y sobrecarga de trabajo percibida en cuidadores de personas dependientes de la Ciudad de Cuenca. Agosto 2014-enero 2015

Abstract

Introduction: It has been shown that the care of a person with disabilities predisposes to problems in the health of the caregiver, being higher in women by the largest amount of work. If the dependence is total requires full-time care which in the majority of times it provides women, being mothers the most. Method and materials: acrossectional study was conducted. The sample was 247 caregivers. Working with the records of people who have disabilities or unit within the Ministry of Public Health. Well, were identified to the caregivers according to the assistance to physical rehabilitation centers that exist in the city of Cuenca. To assess the degree of dependence was used the Barthel Scale; to know the state of health is employment the General Health Questionnaire Goldberg GHQ12; and to determine the overload of the caretaker we applied the Zarit scale questionnaire. Results: 78.9% of caregivers were female; 27,9% are between 29 and 38 years of age. According to the kinship the 36.4% of the caregivers are the mother or the father. The majority of care is carried out on a daily basis 87.0%. If consume drugs 39.7 %. The time of care in the 41.3 % is less than 5 years. The sleep of 0 to 4 hours 5.7%. The 49,8% of the people have maintained a level of dependency. The general state of health of careers is absence of psychopathology in the 58.7%, suspected of subthreshold psychopathology in 10.5% and indicative of the presence of psychopathology in 30.8%. According to the scale of overload of the caretaker of Zarit, we were able to determine that the 42.1% have a greater burden, the 21.9% slight overload and the 36.0 do not have overhead. Conclusions: there is a high frequency of overload of care and problems of general health in the caregivers. Are mothers who provide this care.