Laboratorio Clínico-Pregrado

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Browsing Laboratorio Clínico-Pregrado by Subject "Cortisol"

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    Alteración del cortisol en pacientes atendidos en el área de endocrinología del hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2023-2024
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-06) Sacaquirin Jiménez, María Viviana; Romero Estrella, Erika Pamela; Gutiérrez León, Yomaira Yolanda
    Background: Cortisol is an essential steroid hormone for maintaining physiological homeostasis, regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and modulated by stress, circadian rhythm, and metabolic factors. Alterations in serum cortisol levels lead to severe clinical conditions, such as hypercortisolism (Cushing’s syndrome) and hypocortisolism (Addison’s disease), which present with multiple clinical manifestations. However, their clinical presentation is often nonspecific, making timely identification and diagnosis difficult.Objective: To determine alterations in cortisol levels in patients attended at the Endocrinology Department of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, Cuenca, during the period 2023–2024. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted using an anonymized database. Variables such as age, sex, place of residence, and serum cortisol levels were analyzed. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Alterations in cortisol levels were classified as hypocortisolism or hypercortisolism according to established reference values. Results: A total of 111 cases with altered cortisol levels were identified, with a predominance of hypocortisolism (70.27%), mainly among females (42.34%). The 20–64-year age group showed the highest frequency of cortisol alterations, including both hypocortisolism (27.93%) and hypercortisolism (22.52%). Most patients with cortisol alterations were from urban areas (38.74%); however, a significant proportion also came from rural areas (31.53%), suggesting a possible influence of environmental and lifestyle factors on hormonal regulation.