Laboratorio Clínico-Pregrado

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Amilasa pancreática sérica en personas de 23 a 42 años de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, 2009-2010
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-11-11) Polo Peñafiel, César Daniel; Quituisaca Cabrera, Marco Antonio; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio; Álvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda
The objective of this project was to determine the levels of serum pancreatic amylase in people who are between 23 to 42 years old of any sex, high and sex who live in Cuenca Ecuador at least for the two last years with the purpose of establishing values of reference according to our reality. This descriptive research was done on 1000 people chosen randomly in the urban parishes of the city. From this amount of people 64.7% are women (647).; with an arithmetic mean of tall of 160 cm.; an arithmetic mean of weight of 64 kilograms. They were asked several questions in order to know their current health condition. They were asked also about their medical history which let us chose healthy people. The blood samples were collected and analyzed under very rigid norms of bio-security at the Clinic Laboratory of the Diagnosis Center of the School of Medicine of the University of Cuenca. A Spectronic Genesys 20, spectrophotometer was used. The reagents were obtained from the chemical store Wienner. The average value of amylase in male people is 77,8 AU /dL and in female people is 71,9 AU /dL. This gives a total average of 74 ± 0,65 AU/dl. We found a significant direct relationship with the Chi square test between the variables sex amylase: (p=0,000); we doesn`t found a significant direct relationship between; amylase with age: (p=0,069); amylase with high: (p=0,265); amylase with weight : (p=0,311). KEY WORDS: Amylases, reference values, urban population, adult, Cuenca – Ecuador.
Bacterias causantes de sepsis neonatal y su perfil de susceptibilidad en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2015 - 2018
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-03-04) Cabrera Plaza, Aracely Leslie; Cáceres Palacios, Jennifer Johanna; Agreda Orellana, Ivanna Solmayra
INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is responsible for a high percentage of the worldwide mortality rate. It’s defined as an abnormal immune response that is used to fight off a systematic invasion of microorganisms such as fungus, bacteria, and viruses that are in the bloodstream during the first 28 days of life. The symptomatology is nonspecific and the risk factors are maternal – neonatal. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To determine the bacteria that causes neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility profile in the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, 2015 - 2018. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive-retrospective study was done with universal and a sample of 1.200 infants were performed. Blood culture results and associated factors such as sex, gestational age and days of hospitalization were collected. The data was analyzed and tabulated in the SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel 2016 programs. RESULTS: Of 122 diagnoses of neonatal sepsis, 27,1% presented positive blood culture. The most affected population were women with 54,5%, preterm infants in 66,7% and the hospital stay was ≥8 days at 100%. The main causative agents were: Staphylococcus epidermidis 42,5% and Staphylococcus hominis 12,2%, both producers of betalactamases and resistant methicillin. The most pathogenic bacterium was Klebsiella pneumoniae 3,3%, producer of extended spectrum betalactamases and carbapenemases. CONCLUSION: Neonatal sepsis mainly affected women and preterm infants. The bacteria most affected were Staphylococcus spp. negative coagulase and were found resistance markers: BLEE, BLACT, MRS, MLSb and carbapenemases production.
Bilirrubinas séricas en personas de 23 a 42 años de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, 2009-2010
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-11-11) Peñaloza Ordóñez, Mayra Isabel; Vizhñay Fajardo, Jessica Maricela; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio; Alvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
Was evaluated serum levels of bilirubin in healthy people 23 to 42 years in the urban parishes of the city of Cuenca, who helped apply a survey to assess their health status and thus become part of our study. We obtained blood samples from fasting, they were processed in the laboratory of the Diagnostic Center for identification, we used the spectrophotometer Genesis 20, and the commercial reagent Wiener Bilirubin results relate to the variables of age, sex, height and weight. We used SPSS 15.0 where the average value of total bilirubin was: 0.8 ± 0.009 mg / dl, a standard deviation of 0.3 mg / dl, the minimum value of 0.2 mg / dl and the maximum 1.5 mg / dl. Direct bilirrubin was the average value: 0.15±0.002 mg/dl, a standard deviation of 0.06 mg/dl, the mínimum value of 0.01 mg/dl and the máximum value of 0.30 mg/dl; and indirect bilirubin average value: 0.50 ± 0.007 mg / dl, a standard deviation of 0.23 mg / dl, the minimum value of 0.00 mg / dl and the máximum value of 1.00mg/dl. There is no significant correlation between total bilirubin, age (p = 0.243), with sex (p = 0.212), height (p = 0.721), weight (p = 0.865) were not significant direct bilirubin relation ships - age(p = 0.148), with sex (p = 0.264); size (p = 0.909), weight (p = 0.215) and also between indirect bilirubin – size (p = 0.217), weight (p = 0.361), being significantly related indirect bilirubin - sex (p = 0.003), age (p = 0.046). Keywords: bilirubin, reference value, technical and laboratory procedures, healthy, Cuenca-Ecuador.
Calcio sérico en personas de 23 a 42 años de la Ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador. 2009-2010
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-11-11) Vivanco Tinoco, América Maritza; Seminario Vintimilla, Laura Elizabeth; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio; Álvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
This study aimed to determine the values of Calcium in persons 23 to 42 years old of different sex, height and weight, in order to establish values reference. The study was conducted in 1000 randomly selected people in the urban parishes of the city of Cuenca; who were applied a questionnaire covering their current health status, the personal and family medical history, which allowed selection of healthy individuals. Research was conducted in the Clinical Laboratory of the Diagnostic Center at the Medical School of the University of Cuenca. A Spectronic Genesys 20 brand spectrophotometer and a reactive substance from the Wienner business were used for this research. Of the research subjects, 35% were men and 65% women. The majority, 34%, of subjects were between the ages of 23 and 26, 23,1% of subjects were between the ages of 39 and 42 with a total of 57,1 %,73.3% of subjects were between 151 and 170 cm tall, with an average height of 160 cm. 67% of subjects weighed between 51 and 70 Kg with an average weight of 63, 4 Kg. The obtained results were as follows: the average calcium level was 9,4 ± 0,0204 mg/dl with the84,5 % , with an average for men of 9,5 mg/dl and an average for women of 9,3 mg/dl. Broken down by ages, subjects between the ages of 23 and 26 had an average calcium level of 9,4 mg/dl. For subjects between the ages of 27 and 30 the average calcium level was 9,3 mg/dl, 9,3 mg/dl for subjects between the ages of 31 and 34, 9,4 mg/dl for subjects between the ages of 35 and 38, and 9,5 mg/dl for subjects between the ages of 39 and 42, with a resulting total Chi-square value of 0,164. Key words: Calcium, value of reference, urban population, adult, Cuenca Ecuador.
Caracterización y resistencia de escherichia Coli a los antimicrobianos en los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, 2008-2009
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-11-11) Alvarado Sánchez, Sebastián Stalyn; Guzmán Rodas, Fernanda Elizabeth; Saquipay Pañi, Wilson Roberto; Galindo Banegas, Telmo Benjamín; Álvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth
Objective. To characterize and determine the strength of Escherichia coli in primary cultures in Vicente Corral and Jose Carrasco hospitals of Cuenca city. Materials and method. A descriptive design information was collected 1000 primary cultures in external consultation and hospitalization of both institutions of health in period January to May 2009. Results. In the 1000 primary cultures 789 (79%) were at the Hospital Vicente Corral and 211 (21%) in the Hospital José Carrasco identified 352 (35.2%) positive cultures: Escherichia coli, in both hospitals the highest percentage of samples came from the outpatient clinic, the bacterium Escherichia coli showed increased resistance to TMP + SMX association in 50% of crops, there is resistance to other antibacterial agents: cefepime, nitrofurantoin, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imepenem, gentamicin and sulbactam, ranging from 12.8% to 22.2%, respectively. Collection characterized the distribution of frequencies as: age, sex and origin of material for cultivation and antibiogram. . Conclusions. Bacterial resistance patterns are changing and differ between health houses. Bacterial behaviour seems to be determined by abuse of antibiotics. Key words: Culture media, antibiogram, bacteria, bacterial drug resistance, Escherichia coli.
Caracterización y resistencia de proteus, pseudomona, klebsiella y enterobacter en 1000 cultivos primarios en pacientes de los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, 2008-2009
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-11-11) Sánchez Alvarado, David Fernando; Carrasco Contreras, Maribel Fabiola; Campoverde Ochoa, Mariela Soledad; Galindo Banegas, Telmo Benjamín; Alvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth
Objective. Characterize the sensitivity and resistance of Proteus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Klebsiella isolated in crops in the Vicente Corral and Jose Carrasco hospitals of Cuenca city. Materials and Methods. With a cross sectional study was collected information 1000 primary cultures in the outpatient and hospitalization of both houses of health from 2008 to 2009. Results. In the 1000 primary cultivations 789 (79%) picked up in the Hospital Vicente Corral and 211 (21%) in the Hospital José Carrasco 137 were identified (13,7%) positive cultivations for: Klebsiella spp (5,5%), Enterobacter spp (4,9%), Proteus spp (1,7%) and Pseudomona spp (1,6%). In both hospitals the biggest percentage was of the Service of External Consultation. Pseudomona spp went more resistant to Cefepima (53,4%). Gentamicina (50%) and Ceftriaxona (50%); Klebsiella spp to Ampiciline Sulbactam (52,8%) and Gentamicina (40%); Enterobacter spp to Gentamicina (65,4%), and Proteus spp to Ciprofloxacina (41,2%) and Sulbactam (35,3%). The summary characterizes the variables of interest like age, sex and bacterial resistance in patient as well as the hospital areas where were assisted and collection the sample for cultivation and antibiograma. Technique was used settled down in cultivation microbiology (primary, secondary), you prove biochemical of identification and antibiograma of Kirby Bawer, validated internationally. Conclusions: Sensitivity and bacterial resistance patterns are very changing and differ markedly between health centres. Bacterial behavior seems to be determined by the abuse of antibiotics. KEY WORDS: bacteria - characterization - proteus, pseudopretty, klebsiella, to enterobacter - bacterial farmacoresistencia - technical and procedures of laboratory - patient, hospitals public, Cuenca - Ecuador
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre papiloma virus humano en estudiantes de la Escuela de Tecnología Médica-Universidad de Cuenca, 2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Sinchi Tasambay, Hilda Maruja; Yupa Alvarez, Valeria Jaqueline; Macero Méndez, Reina María; Campoverde Cisneros, Manuel Alfredo
Background: It is very important to find out the knowledge they have the / os students with respect to Human Papillomavirus because adolescents to have an active sex life at an early age are more likely to contract the infection.1 Objective: To identify knowledge, attitudes and practices on human papilloma virus in students from the School of Medical Technology at the University of Cuenca 2016. Methodology: descriptive study, which allowed knowing the knowledge, attitudes and practices on human papilloma virus. The universe was 660 students of the School of Medical Technology; the sample was made up 243 students which were obtained by applying a standard deviation of the population of 0.5, a confidence level of 95% and an acceptable limit of sampling error, 5% (0.05). Prior to the development of research students gave written informed consent, surveys was applied with information regarding the study variables: age, sex, marital status, race, age of first sexual intercourse, sexual partners, knowledge, attitudes and practices on HPV. Scorekeeping for the relevant forms were used and processed for tabulation in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results: 65.8% mentioned receiving information about HPV, recognize that affects both men and women 69.1%. 28% do not know that complications can bring HPV infection; 37.9% indicated having active sex life
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre parasitósis intestinal en adultos de las parroquias rurales del Cantón Cuenca-Ecuador. Intervención educativa. 2013-2014
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2014-11-11) Gualán Cabrera, Luz María; Loja Lema, María Mercedes; Orellana Paredes, Patricia Anabel; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
This descriptive and educational research conducted to 202 subjects. The subjects were residents of the suburban areas of Cuenca City. The subjects were selected randomly at Sayausí, Sinincay, Baños y Chiquintad. Subjects were evaluated in their Knowledge, attitudes and practice (CAPs) of intestinal parasites. The evaluation was conducted by using a pre-test and a post-test. The Educational program used parasites general scientific concepts applied in Epidemiology, therapeutics, clinical and preventive areas. During the pre-test, 67% of the subjects demonstrated general knowledge of parasites, 70.8% of the subjects indicated that parasites could be physically observed. 31.2% of the subjects indicated that eating sweets is the source of transmitting parasites. 11.9 % of the subjects indicate that parasites are due to poor hygiene, considering that untreated tap water may help parasites to spread, also the subjects stated that flies are the vector to transmit parasites. 51% of the subjects indicated that parasites are located in the intestines only. 62% of the subjects indicated that parasites could be host in the heart, liver and brain, etc. 64% of the subject indicated no knowledge of physical characteristics of parasites. If having domestic animal is considered a source of spreading parasites. 70.56% of the subjects stated that dogs transmitted parasites. 23.25% of the subjects indicated that domestic births are source of parasites. Regarding to parasites treatment: 54% of the subjects indicated that they prefer to use anti-parasitic medicine available in the local pharmacies, 17.3% of the subjects used home made medicine when they suspect parasitic disease; and 10.9% goes to the doctor. After an educational intervention and using the post-test to evaluated subjects knowledge; the study find out that the knowledge, attitude and practice of subjects concerning parasites improved considerably, All the percentage indicators increase in general, in some cases reaching 100%.
Control de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mediante valoración de hemoglobina glicosilada A1c e intervención educativa en pacientes del departamento de endocrinología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Cuenca-Ecuador 2011
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-11-11) López Bautista, Lorena Elizabeth; Maldonado Palacios, Ana María; Sarmiento Webster, María Belén; Alvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
We determined the values of glycated hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador in 2011. This educational intervention descriptive study was conducted in the Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Centre, Faculty of Medical Sciences. Universe was taken as all people with type 2 diabetes mellitus Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, with a sample of 150 patients who had to answer a survey and found at baseline. Universe was taken as all people with type 2 diabetes mellitus Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, with a sample of 150 patients who had to answer a survey and found at baseline. HbA1c values was associated with the variables: age, sex, education level, physical activity, time of suffering and fasting glucose. We obtained the following results: average value of fasting blood glucose of 135 ± 2.8 mg / dl, standard deviation 34.6 mg / dl, maximum value 317.6 mg / dl, minimum value 98.9 mg / dl , median 123.5 mg / dl, fashion 102.0 mg / dl and variance 1195.1 mg / dl, mean value of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c is 8.3 ± 0.1%, 1.6% standard deviation, value 14.5% maximum, minimum value 5.4%, median 8.0%, 7.8% fashion and variance 2.6%. By relating the results obtained with the variables found that there is statistical significance between glycosylated hemoglobin and time of illness (p=0.000), glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting glucose (p=0.000) on the other hand in the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin and sex (p=0.442), glycosylated hemoglobin and age (p = 0.376), and glycated hemoglobin level of education (p = 0.468) no statistical significance. There were three educational interventions in the Auditorium of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, we applied a pre-test and post-test to deepen understanding of the issues and encouraged patients to adequately control their disease to achieve better lifestyle. We conclude that the realization of an educational intervention thesis involves research group directly with the community, allowing health staff awareness and know the reality of the research population. DeCS: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 – epidemiology; Hemoglobin A Glycosylated; Blood Glucose - Analysis; Health Education – Methods; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Patients; Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso; Cuenca-Ecuador.
Control de glucosa, hemoglobina glicosilada y microalbuminuria en pacientes diabéticos del Hospital Básico de Paute 2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Faicán Faicán, Aida Mariela; Peláez Cambizaca, Alía Fernanda; Macero Méndez, Reina María; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that is caused by deficiency in the production or use of the hormone insulin, is considered as one of the chronic diseases with vascular complications that ultimately condition the patient's health status. Currently, glycosylated hemoglobin is the best available test showing the glycemic control of the patient with Diabetes Mellitus. There is scientific evidence that correlates long-term complications with elevated levels of HbA1c and establish the relationship between persistent hyperglycemia; Along with microalbuminuria which is a biomarker easily measured in a urine sample; The maintenance of adequate values has been shown to improve prognosis and reduce the risk of serious complications such as microvascular complications: retinopathy, nephropathy and diabetic foot. And macrovascular diseases are cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks, strokes, and circulatory failure in the lower limbs. Objective: Determine the level of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in the diabetic club of Hospital Paute 2016 and to relate to the selected variables. Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out in 110 patients of the diabetic club of the Basic Hospital of Paute. The population studied previously signed the informed consent, and subsequently they were given a survey that were filled with data of filiation, and questions that provided us information for the study variables. Fasting serum, total EDTA blood and a morning urine sample were used to perform this procedure. The samples were processed in the Laboratory of the Diagnostic Center of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Cuenca. The information that was obtained was entered and processed in the program of Excel and SPSS version 22.0., for the respective analysis and descriptive statistics. Results: In the Diabetic Club of the Hospital of Paute, according to the determination of the diabetes control tests: glycemia of up to 126mg/dl was found in 44.5%, value greater than 141 mg/dl in 43.6%; HbA1 55.5% reported levels lower than 6% and 26.4% higher than 7%; In microalbuminuria 27.3% was found negative and a percentage of 53.6% values of 20mg/l; according to the age, 27.3% corresponded to the age of 61 years
Correlación entre glucosa basal y hemoglobina glucosilada en el adulto mayor en el cantón Cuenca, 2015
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-11-11) Ulloa González, Mery Patricia; Velásquez Segarra, Katherine Alexandra; Macero Méndez, Reina María; Encalada Torres, Lorena Esperanza
INTRODUCTION: The metabolic syndrome and diabetes among elderly people are caused by alterations in the metabolism of glucose. The determination of glycosylated Hemoglobin has been an exact indicator of glycaemia among individuals for the last three months allowing to have a proof of their health condition. OBJECTIVE: To establish the correlation between the basal glucose and the glycosylated hemoglobin and its association with the metabolic syndrome among elderly people in the city of Cuenca. METHODOLOGY: It is a descriptive research, the participants were 126 elderly people. For this study, the automatic calculator EPI INFO was used. A group of participants with metabolic syndrome met to the Adult Treatment Panel (APT III) criterion. A survey was applied to collect information and blood samples were taken to determine basal glucose and glycosylated Hemoglobin. The gathered data was processed through the SPSS 20.0 version, Excel, and MedLab programs. The values were classified according to age and sex frequency and the relation to the metabolic syndrome. RESULTS: 126 patients between 65 and 96 years old were analyzed, being female elders more frequent, with a 65.1%. The population with metabolic syndrome was 50.8%. The mean of glucose was 87.16% and of HbA1 was 5.65%. After the analysis, a 92% were found in the normal rank of glycaemia and a 92.8% of HbA1. A 4.8% was located in the rank of prediabetes and in the rank of diabetes, a 2.4%. Through Pearson correlation ratio, it was determined a moderated correlation between basal glycaemia and glycosylated hemoglobin: 0,418. It was observed a small relationship, between glucose metabolism alteration and metabolic syndrome due to the 12.5% of patients with this illness showed hyper glycaemia and an 11% HbA1 alteration
Correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico y el diagnóstico de laboratorio en el síndrome febril, departamento de emergencia del hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Julio-Octubre de 1991
(Universidad de Cuenca, 1992-11-11) Muñoz, Guadalupe; Ochoa, Elsa; Palomeque, Ana; Torres Martínez, Martha Cecilia
Detección de Helicobacter pylori por Microelisa en materias fecales y factores de riesgo en estudiantes secundarios de la Ciudad de Cuenca 2012
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2013-11-11) Bigoni Ordóñez, Gabriele Davide; Aldaz Abril, Ronal Ricardo; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
This research aims to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori in 202 students between the ages of 12-19 years of different kind of high school students in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador 2012. 65.3%are femaleand 34.7% male. The study sample was selected at random in the city of Cuenca. For the investigation we applied a questionnaire covering lifestyle, socio-economic, house type, housematerial, infrastructure type, occupation and educational level of parents, habits of cleanliness, food and symptoms at the time of collecting the sample. Feces were examined for identification of Helicobacter pylori by microplate analyzed biosafety standards and quality control, the examination was conducted in the Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Cuenca. We used an ELISA reader brand equipment and reagent Human fecal antigen LINEAR commercial house (CROMATEST), Anti-H. Pylori Ag EIA TEST. Helicobacter pylori was found in 60.4% of high school students; greater in females, age 17-19 years, with health infrastructure and adequate housing conditions, with poor hygiene habits, food, with an average of 8-9 people in the family, with an average monthly income of $ 685
Detección de infección de vías urinarias mediante el examen elemental y microscópico de orina en los habitantes de Caguanapamba Tambo. Cañar, 2015
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-11-11) Jara Illescas, Edisson Santiago; Barba Hidalgo, Edison Javier; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola; Baculima Tenesaca, José Mauricio
Background: urinary tract infection corresponds to the invasion of microorganisms to tissues that make the urinary tract, at any level, the symptoms depends on the site and location of the infection. Women because their urethra is shorter than men have a higher chance of getting a urinary tract infection (UTI). Objective: To identify urinary tract infection, by elemental and microscopic examination of urine, the inhabitants of the community Caguanapamba Cañar Tambo. Methodology: The study was descriptive cross section was obtained in the community of Caguanapamba belonging to El Tambo Canton, the universe was composed of 361 inhabitants of the community according to the document of territorial planning of the canton, the sample was represented by 186 people who signed the informed consent where the whole process to be followed in the investigation it was reported after a survey, compiled information which data related to the variables considered affiliation and applied study. The samples were recolected with quality and biosafety standards to ensure the results. Processing them Laboratory Diagnostic Center at the University of Cuenca. For the analysis of results the SPSS V22 and Microsoft Excel software was used for descriptive statistics were used charts and graphs. Results: Of the 186 people Caguanapamba community, who participated in this study, 14% had urinary tract infection, 84.6% of these are women, of which the age group with the highest percentage is 5 to 12 years 38.5%, 23.1% are over 65 years, 53.8 % said they had voluntarily withheld urine
Determinación de microalbuminuria en mujeres embarazadas que acuden al Centro de Salud Carlos Elizalde. Cuenca, 2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Lata Inga, Jenny Alexandra; Neira Agila, Andrea Belén; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola
BACKGROUND: Microalbumunuria is the excretion of albumin in few amounts in the urine; during pregnancy it can cause serious complications such as pre-eclampsia, which is characterized by increased sarterial pressure in pregnancy. (1, 2) The research was done at the Health Center “Carlos Elizalde” of the Cuenca´s city. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: It was based on the determination of Microalbuminuria in pregnant women who came to the Health Center “Carlos Elizalde” the data were processed by surveys that included data necessary for the research, consent and informed settlement was requested, It collected samples of urine by the patients: the technique used was the Micral-Test and the samples were processed in the laboratory of the Health Center. For data processing SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel were used. Participants in the research signed informed consent, where they were provided with necessary information. In case of minors of age, the legal representatives gave their assent, at the same time they applied an (annex 4) survey in which they recorded data of important affiliation related to the variables of study. RESULTS: Of the 164 pregnant women attending the "Carlos Elizalde" Health Center, 12.1% presented positive microalbuminuria between 20 and 100 mg / l, of which 55% were between 15 and 25 years old, 85% were between 20 and 30 weeks of gestation and 15.5% have arterial hypertension
Determinación de CK total, CK-MB y LDH en los deportistas de 14 a 18 años de la Federación Deportiva del Cañar. 2017
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018-11-11) Alvarracin Lalvay, Miguel Ángel; Peñafiel Calle, Gabriela Alexandra; Baculima Tenesaca, José Mauricio
Background: The study of Creatin Kinase (CK) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in sports facilitates the collection of data about muscle status. In athletes, regardless of their physical activity, they may be subject to a set of programmed routines and this must be m to achieve the desired results. High percentages of these serum enzymes in apparently healthy individuals may be correlated with the level of physical exercise; if enzymes persist high while body be at rest, they may be a warning of the existence for some muscular disease. An increase of these enzymes contributes in sports medicine to quantify the effects of physical activity on the human body, favoring in the prevention and treatment of injuries that can trigger different diseases. General objective: To determine CK Total, CK-MB and LDH in athletes from 14 to 18 years belonging to the Sports Federation of Cañar. Methodology: The study was descriptive - transversal, the universe and sample was constituted by 180 athletes, who signed an informed consent or assent to preserve the information; the same that was tabulated with SPSS software version 22.0 in Spanish and analyzed according to the variables of, age, sex, type of sports discipline and hours of daily training. Results: The predominant gender is the masculine with 69.5% in relation to 30.5%, the athletes of 14 years with 38.9%. Se observó que los deportistas presentaron valores dentro de los de referencia en un 92,8% para CK Total, 95% CK-MB y 77% LDH.
Determinación de electrolitos en deportistas de 14 a 18 años de la Federación Deportiva del Cañar. 2017
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018-11-11) Feijoo Loayza, Juliana Mishell; Pesántez Pesántez, Rosa Belén; Macero Méndez, Reina María
BACKGROUND.- The suitable concentration of electrolytes in the blood is vital for the osmotic balance in the organism. During physical exercise the production and the amount of sweat increases, this together with the variety of products ingested in the diet of the athletes, can jointly, lead to antagonistic answers about the metabolism relating to the plasmatic concentration of theses ions, it means that while exercising the most important plasmatic electrolytes could decrease.(1) OBJECTIVE.- To determine the concentration of electrolytes in athletes from 14 years old to 18 years old from the Federación Deportiva del Cañar. METHODOLOGY.- It is a cross-sectional descriptive study; the universe and sample are constituted by 180 athletes who signed an informed consent or assent. The data will be analyzed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS 23.0 Spanish version, with results charts analyzed according to the variables: age, type of sport discipline, daily training, sodium, potassium and chlorine. RESULTS.- The results obtained were the following: for the normal concentration of electrolytes, sodium 97,8%, potassium 82,2%, and chlorine 96,7%; masculine athletes with a predominance of 69,4%, while the age of higher prevalence was 14 years old with 38,9%; 2 hours a day training with 57,2% were the most frequent, and, the sport discipline with higher amount of athletes was boxing with 27,2%
Determinación de glucosa en deportistas de 14–18 años de la Federación Deportiva del Cañar, 2017
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018-11-11) Aguilar Baculima, Danny Patricio; Baculima Tenesaca, José Mauricio
Background: One of the key physiological substrates for energy development in humans is glucose, fulfills strategic functions in the metabolism and neurologic development. For sport, glycogen stores help to the correct muscular contracture of the individual, high reserves levels are linked to the late onset of fatigue; carbohydrate intake before and during exercise keeps the liver and basal glycogen levels at an optimum level. General objective: Determine the glucose levels in athletes of 14-18 years of the Sports Federation of Cañar, 2017. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out; the universe and sample were constituted by 180 athletes from the Cañar province. The data were obtained through a form, these were tabulated in the SPSS 15.0 program, regarding the variables of age, sex, sports discipline and daily training time. Fasting glucose was considered within the biochemical parameters, which was determined by colorimetric method based on electro chemiluminescence in the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso (H.V.C.M) laboratory. Results: 69.5% of the sample are male and 30.5% female, the predominant age is 14 years (38.9%); the discipline most practiced by athletes is boxing (27.2%) and the time preferred by most of them is 2 hours a day (57.2%), 96.1% of individuals presented normal glucose values (70 -110mg / dl), leaving 3.9% representing hypoglycemic values.
Determinación de la frecuencia de infección por helicobacter pylori y parasitosis en preescolares de 2 a 4 años que acuden a los centros de desarrollo infantil del municipio de la ciudad de Cuenca. Julio, 2015
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-11-11) Maldonado Guanga, Gladys Teresa; Buestán Buestán, Doris Elizabeth; Orellana Paucar, Adriana Monserrath; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
This study was aimed to determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori and intestinal parasitosis in children from 2 to 4 years attending to daycare centers of Cuenca´s City Hall. Stool samples were collected at daycare centers with colaboration of parents and caretakers. Sample analysis were carried out according to quality control and biosafety standards at the Laboratory of Diagnostic Center of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Cuenca. Fresh examination was employed for identification of intestinal parasites and immunochromatographic technique for qualitative determination of Helicobacter pylori. Results of this study evidenced a prevalence of 26,1% for Helicobacter pylori infection and 219,3% for intestinal parasitosis in these daycare centers. Entamoeba histolytica was identified as the etiologic agent in 58,8% of parasitosis cases
Diagnóstico de enfermedades de transmisión sexual mediante PCR tiempo real en mujeres indígenas del Ecuador 2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Caguana Mayancela, John Patricio; Carreño Calle, Christian Santiago; Campoverde Cisneros, Manuel Alfredo
Background Screening test for the detection of sexually transmitted diseases, some of them producing cancer such as human papilloma virus, besides being factors of infertility and infertility, depends increasingly on molecular techniques. An important challenge for developing countries like Ecuador has been the lack of availability and costs of tests based on the detection of the DNA of the microorganism. In this study, microorganisms of sexual transmission were diagnosed by qPCR in women of indigenous nationality Ecuador. Methodology Inside the laboratory of molecular biology of the Cuenca University, a descriptive study was carried out to diagnose sexually transmitted microorganisms in cervical samples using molecular techniques of HPV-28 and STI-7 Anyplex qPCRs. The samples came from woman indigenous from the provinces of Loja, Morona Santiago and Cañar. Results 396 samples were analyzed, 120 samples were extracted in Saraguro, 131 in Quilloac community, 145 in Seville Don Bosco community. 135 samples showed high risk and low oncogenic HPV risk genotypes, also 362 samples with other sexually transmitted microorganisms. Conclusions Implementing molecular techniques such as qPCR, for the diagnosis of microorganisms of sexual transmission are fast, simple with a high sensitivity and specificity

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