Browsing by Author "Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero"

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    Factores asociados a Neumonía Intrahospitalaria en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017-2018
    (2019-02-20) Auquilla Alvarado, Sonia Catalina; Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero
    Background: hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is one of the leading hospital infections and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as well as an increase in health costs. Objectives: to determine the factors associated with NIH in the Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Methods: a case-control study was developed, at the rate of two controls per case, matched according to age, sex and date of hospital admission. The sample was calculated using the Epi-Info program, with diabetes being the lowest associated factor, which corresponds to 3.03% in cases and 15.7% in controls, OR 2.76 and power of 95%. For the hypothesis test, OR, 95% CI and p value were applied. Results: the majority was older than 80 years (52.4% vs. 45.2%), the mean age is 76 years in cases and 73 years in controls (p: 0.88). The poor nutritional status (OR: 6.30, p: 0.000), alteration of the state of consciousness (OR: 2.95, p: 0.007), use of sedatives (OR: 2.65) and / or antacids (OR: 1.91), use of the probe nasogastric (OR, p: 0.000); bronchoaspiration (OR: 3.29, p: 0.000), endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (OR: 2.75, CI: 1.396 - 5.442, p: 0.003) were risk factors for NIH. Prolonged hospital stay is the main associated factor (OR: 21.6, p: 0.000). Conclusions: NIH mainly affects elderly people, the main factor associated with its onset is prolonged hospital stay; the poor nutritional status, altered state of consciousness, the use of sedatives and / or antacids, bronchoaspiration, the presence of nasogastric tube, intubation and mechanical ventilation also influence
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    Factores poblacionales y operativos intervinientes en la detección de sintomáticos respiratorios
    (2006) Palacios Vintimilla, David Mauricio; Tamayo Piedra, Carlos Santiago; Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero; Andino Vélez, José Gerardo; Flores Durán, Carlos Teodoro
    The objetives was to establish population and intervening factors operating in the success or failure of the determination of the SR under the PCT. This study was descriptive, operational, determining concepts and practices actidudes
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    Prevalencia de falla renal y factores de riesgo asociados en pacientes Diabéticos Tipo 2. Consulta externa de Medicina Interna. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2019-11-11) Méndez García, Martha Julia; Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero
    Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DMT2), an evolutive disease, produces chronic complications, with high global prevalence, its progress can be fatal but also preventable knowing its associated factors. Objective: To determine the prevalence of renal failure and associated risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients, external consultation of internal medicine. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, 2017. Methods and materials: Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study; They included 272 patients diagnosed with (T2DM). To calculate the sample, the following criteria were used: a sample of 272 patients, calculated with 95% confidence level, 5% accuracy and the lowest frequency risk factor: 23% smoking. The analysis was made based on data obtained through the questionnaire and clinical history, for some associated factors previously validated scales were used. Then, with the database and with the help of the SPSS program, frequencies and percentages were analyzed. In the hypothesis test he applied RP, IC95% and p value <0.05. Results: The prevalence of renal failure (FR) in (DMT2) is 26.8%. Significant association was found with glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) (p: 0.016) adherence to treatment (PR: 0.54, p: 0.014, 95% CI 0.24% - 0.86%), type of treatment (value of p: 0.010), arterial hypertension (AHT) (RP: 1.92, 95% CI 1.38 - 4.25, p-value: 0.001) Conclusions: We found a prevalence of RF of 26.8% associated with high Hb1Ac, type of treatment, adherence to treatment and (HT) as comorbidity.
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    Riesgo de pie diabético y factores asociados en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Club de diabéticos del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017 - 2018.
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2019-07-16) Armijos Romero, Jimmy Raphael; Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero
    Background: The diabetic foot is important to detect it early, because it is estimated that up to 15% of diabetics have some degree of diabetic foot of which 43% will suffer amputation and consequent disability. Objectives: To determine the risk of diabetic foot and associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the diabetic club of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. Methods and materials: Observational, cross-sectional analytical study with 162 patients from the HJCA diabetic club. The data were obtained from the interviews and clinical histories, and analyzed with SPSS version 19.0. The mean and standard deviation for age were calculated, and frequencies and percentages for the qualitative variables categorized. To establish the association of risk factors, RP, 95% CI and Chi square were applied, with significance for p <0.05. Results: the prevalence of risk of diabetic foot was found in 42.6%, in addition it was demonstrated that the associated factors, diagnosis time, diabetic neuropathy, vascular alteration, foot at risk and glycosylated hemoglobin showed to have a highly significant association with the risk of diabetic foot (p <0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetic foot risk in patients studied at the diabetic club of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital is high, higher than 40%, which is related to associated pathologies, such as diabetic neuropathy, high values of Hemoglobin Glycosylated and advanced age