Browsing by Author "Sacta Caguana, Bayron Patricio"

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Evaluación forense de la violencia contra la mujer. Revisión sistemática
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-01-13) Sacta Caguana, Bayron Patricio; Tapia Cárdenas, Jeanneth Patricia
Background: violence against women (VAW) is a major global problem, and although it is difficult to express real figures due to underreporting, it is a phenomenon with serious repercussions not only for women, but also for the family and society in general. General objective: to describe the prevalence, types, aggressors, injuring agents and risk factors related to VAW. Methodology: systematic review. Fifty-four articles that met the eligibility criteria were included. The information was consolidated in customized tables and presented according to the research objectives. Results: in couple and intrafamily relationships, sexual aggressions were one of the most documented types of violence. From a gender perspective and the scenarios of couple and intrafamily relationships, psychological and physical violence presented variable frequencies. Males were the main aggressors and/or perpetrators of the different types of violence in any setting of VAW. Various methods were used as injuring agents, ranging from physical mechanisms to sexual and/or psychological aggression. The risk factors for VAW had a confluence of social and economic determinants, consumption of toxic substances (alcohol), intimate partner behaviors and previous history of abuse and/or violence. Conclusions: VAW is a latent phenomenon, whose main perpetrator is the male; it is related to different risk factors; its effects include alterations in the physical, sexual and psychological spheres. Limitations: great heterogeneity of articles on VAW, which made it difficult to consolidate the information.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en pacientes del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso Cuenca Ecuador, enero 2006 a diciembre 2007
(2010) Ordóñez Pesántez, Sofía Elizabeth; Puma González, Johanna Marcela; Sacta Caguana, Bayron Patricio; Cordero Argudo, Wilson Rosendo; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth
Objective. To determine the prevalence of Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructiva and its factors associated in a sample of patients who have been taken care of in Internal Medicine consultation of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso in a period of twenty and four months.- Materials and method. With a design of cross section 205 clinical histories of equal number of patients were included who were taken care of in the Internal Medicine consultation in the period January of 2006 December of 2007. The prevalence of EPOC was considered and the factors associated by means of the test of RP were identified (IC95%).-Results. The hospitable prevalence of EPOC was of 56.5%. The greater patients of 70 years were 58.5%, with a predominance of women of 57.1% and with a 55.6% of rural residence.- The more frequent signs and symptoms were: cough (76.5%), disnea (24.3%), torácica elasticity diminished (21.4%) and asthenia (13.1%). 46.8% of the patients received treatment. In 53.2% of the sample this information was not registered.- The espirometría was fulfilled solely in 41.5% of the patients in spite of being a procedure indispensable for the diagnosis. In the patients who were made, the restrictive pattern was 24.9%, the compound 11.7% and the obstructive 2%. 56.6% of patients were not made the examination. Was association between the habit to smoke and to cook with firewood with respect to the prevalence of EPOC and the association was significant RP: 2,88 (IC95%: 1,2 - 6.8) P = 0.007) but to cook with firewood RP: 2,83 (IC95%: 0,4 - 17.5) were not it (P = 0.179). The other factors: exhibition to environmental toxics, to toxics in the place of work, antecedents of infections in the childhood and familiar predisposition to infections, was not briefed in respective clinical histories of which the information was compiled.- Implications. The results of our compilation are concordant with medical Literature although not in the rate of prevalence that was very high. The limitations of the study are the own ones of which they use clinical histories like source of intelligence.