Browsing by Author "Quillay Curay, Norma"

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    Caracterización morfológica y molecular del agente causal de la antracnosis en tomate de árbol en Azuay y Loja
    (2019) Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador; Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina; Cabrera Cabrera, Rolendio Anibal; Quillay Curay, Norma; Ramon Montoya, Maria Teresita de jesus; Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino; Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
    Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes serious losses in tree tomatoes in Ecuador. This disease causes serious damage to fruits and its control is based mainly on use of chemical products. In Ecuador, the genera Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides have been reported to be the causal agent of anthracnose, based on morphological characteristics. In this study, the morphological and molecular characterization of 16 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. of tree tomato, in six different localities in the provinces of Azuay and Loja. Morphological characterization was carried out for variables such as colony color and conidium shape, while molecular characterization was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR experiments was carried out with specific primers reported for C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, designed in the internal transcription spacer (ITS). Based on morphological and molecular characterization, it was determined that the causative agent of anthracnose for the provinces of Azuay and Loja is the C. acutatum complex, represented by C. tamarilloi. Isolates presented characteristics of this species and molecular analysis allowed to confirm this result, generating amplifications of molecular weights of approximately 500 bp, while with the specific primers of C. gloeosporioides no amplification was obtained. This molecular characterization confirms results that place the C. acutatum complex as the causative agent of anthracnose in the Southern region of Ecuador.
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    Identificación molecular por PCR del gusano cogollero en el Sur del Ecuador
    (2019) Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador; Quillay Curay, Norma; Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina
    Spodoptera frugiperda is an insect pest of corn. This polyphagous species is included within the group of the armyworms, considered pests of economic importance in several countries of America. In corn, these larvae cause damage from the seedling to pre-ripeness stages. Identification of Lepidoptera is usually based on the morphology of adults, meaning that larvae must reach adulthood for their identification. Nevertheless, the larval period is the stage that causes mayor damage in corn. Currently, the use of molecular tools such as PCR, based on mitochondrial or nuclear DNA sequences, has been used for unambiguous identification of pests or biotypes from larvae. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of S. frugiperda species in white corn crops in the South of Ecuador at molecular level. For this, we used a PCR analysis with specific primers for S. frugiperda at the level of the mitochondrial gene of subunit 1 cytochrome oxidase (COI) I. A total of 360 larvae were collected in 36 sites distributed in three provinces: 18 in Azuay, 12 in Cañar and 6 in Loja, between January and March 2015. As a result, amplifications of molecular weights of approximately 500 pb corresponding to S. frugiperda were generated. This molecular characterization is, to our knowledge, the first one performed for the Austro of Ecuador.