Browsing by Author "Morocho Zambrano, Alicia De los angeles"

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Canaaliflozin integrando la evidencia clínica actual canagliflozin: integrating current clinical evidence
(2020) Morocho Zambrano, Alicia De los angeles; Mena Cajas, Ginna Pamela; Alencastro Yugsi, Ronney Jeysson; Chiluisa Cobo, Lorena Alexandra; Pilataxi, Norma Elizabeth
SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have profoundly marked the aca-demics and practice in the field of endocrinology. In a short time, these drugs have gained a privileged position in the therapeutic schemes for diabetes mellitus (DM). This behavior has been propelled by the alarming epidemiologic trends shown by this disease worldwide, which urge for the inclusion of new treatment strategies. Canagliflozin (CFZ) was the first SGLT2i to show significant clinical efficacy and then to be subsequently introduced into practice. Indeed, CFZ has proved efficacious consistently in the treatment of type 2 DM for glycemic control, as well as additional effects such as a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, serum triglyc-erides, and body weight; along with a reduction in cardiovas-cular risk, and renoprotective effect. Upon the avalanche of evidence substantiating the efficacy of SGLT2i, the importance of their adverse effects has also been underlined. In this regard, it is interesting that they show a relatively low risk of hypoglycemia, and although the risk of urinary infections and diabetic ketoacidosis may be worrisome, their tolerability profile tends to be relatively safe. On the other hand, CFZ has also been evaluated in the treatment of type 1 DM in combination with insulin therapy, with positive results, and a similar adverse effect profile. CFZ and SGLT2i may represent an invaluable option for the current treatment of DM. Thus, this review integrates clinical evidence on this drug to date.
Caracterización de pacientes con onicomicosis en organizaciones campesinas de la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador
(2019) Martínez Molina, José Andrés
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Introduction: Onychomycosis is the infection caused by pathogen or saprophyte fungi in the nail structure of hands or foot. Associated factors show differences according to the analyzed region. Therefore, the purpose if this study was to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of adult patients with onychomycosis diagnoses from the rural province of Los Ríos, Ecuador. Methodology: A descriptive, transversal study was performed in 384 adult patients diagnosed with onychomycosis in 3 health centers of the Vinces and Urdaneta counties in Los Rios province from May 2016 to May 2017. The Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied in which demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics were investigated. Results: Out of the studied subjects, 56.8% (n=218) were female; the mean age was 50.7±13.7. The age group 40-55 years old was the most prevalent (37.8%, n=145). In men, prevalence rose proportionally with age. 21.1% (n=81) of the sample had diabetes, the most affected body parts were the hands (50% n=192), especially in women (72.9%) (p<0.01). 76.5% of the subjects showed worry regarding the disease, especially women (84.4%) (p<0.01), and the majority also reported that onychomycosis had great influence over their daily lives (69.8%; n=268). Conclusion: Onychomycosis is a disease with a wide variety of risk factors, which must be taken into account for appropriate treatment, including the psychological effects that are usually ignored in primary attention.
Caracterización epidemiológica de los pacientes con sinusitis del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil los Ceibos. Ecuador
(2019) Barreto Villamar, Nexar Isaac
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Objective: to characterize and describe the epidemiological behavior of patients with sinusitis from the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos. Methodology: a descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective study was conducted in 435 patients who were evaluated in this center with the diagnoses of acute maxillary sinusitis, acute ethmoidal sinusitis, acute pansinusitis, other acute sinusitis, unspecified acute sinusitis, sinusitis chronic maxilla, chronic ethmoidal sinusitis, chronic ethmoid sinusitis, and chronic pansinusitis. The data were obtained from the hospital clinical records and were analyzed using the software SPSS v.19. Results: Of the 435 patients, 89.4% (n=389) were female, the most frequent age group were <19 years with 29.2% (n=127), as well as the maxillary location with 42.5% (n=185), only 0.7% showed positive findings in the microbiological analysis. Conclusions: sinusitis is a frequent clinical condition in Guayaquil city, being male sex, age groups <65 years and the maxillary sinus involvement the most outstanding epidemiological characteristics in adults who consulted to the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos.
Historical evolution of autopsies and their current situation
(2019) Espinoza Diaz, Cristobal Ignacio
The autopsy is one of the oldest procedures with major contributions to the understanding of the human body and the origin of its diseases, its main objective is to determine the cause of death. Currently it is a technique of great relevance not only for its contributions in medicine, but also in legal aspects for different situations. Nowadays, advances in autopsies have allowed to increase the efficiency in the execution of more assertive diagnoses through X-ray images, postmortem computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, which are the techniques with the greatest boom in recent years. This evaluative practice of the corpse has had several advances that facilitate the detection of pathologies that could go unnoticed in antemortem diagnoses, or even determine if the death was due to hereditary chronic conditions, or violent mechanisms. It also allows the creation of statistical indexes where the causes of death of a given population or territory are reflected as a measure of public health and solving legal or hospital cases that are being carried out through an accusation or lawsuit. Reports in Latin America have demonstrated a higher frequency of this technique in male adults, they also show that these practices have a decrease in the last years, specifically in Ecuador there are no strong reports that indicate the continuity of autopsies, and however, the law presents the statutes in which it is mandatory to carry out this procedure. © 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica.
Prevalence of low HDL-C in older adults of Baños parish, Cuenca
(2018) Morocho Zambrano, Alicia De los angeles
Introduction: Low HDL-C is one of the most frequent metabolic alterations in Latin America populations, so the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low HDL-C and its associated factors in elderly patients from Baños parish, Cuenca, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study in which 200 elderly residents from Baños parish participated, intentionally selected in 2 ambulatory primary care centers. To this end, a questionnaire was used to collect data, determining HDL-C levels, habits, sociodemographic and clinical factors, using a logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of low HDL-C was 35.5% (n=71), being higher in men (62%) and older than 80 years (43.7%), being obesity measured by BMI (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.49-7.12) and personal history of arterial hypertension (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.07-4.15) the main associated factors. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of low HDL-C in the older adult population from rural parish of Baños, having subjects with obesity and hypertension the highest risk of low HDL-C. © 2018 Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension. All Rights Reserved.