Browsing by Author "Lascano Armas, Paola Jael"

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Balance forrajero, de energía y nitrógeno en pastizales arborizados con Algarrobo (Prosopis juliflora (S.W.) DC.) bajo pastoreo de vacas lecheras
(2018) Roca Cedeño, Jacinto Alex; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Alvarez, Cristian Neptali; Cueva Salazar, Nancy Margoth; Molina Molina, Elsa Janeth; Curbelo Rodríguez, Lino Miguel
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Algarroba (Prosopis juliflora (S.W.) DC.) trees on nitrogenenergy forage contents, on Ecuadorian dairy farms grasslands. The study was made at ESPAM bovine facility, 15meters above sea level, in Manabí, 00º49’23’’, south latitude, and 80º11’01” west longitude, with 962.4 mm annual precipitatio n, between September 2011 and December 2014. The stocking rate was 1.09 LU/ha. There were 1-4 algarroba trees/ha by 2011, and 8-35 trees/ha, in 2014. Evaluations of forage nitrogen and energy were based on the effects of arborization. As a result, 52 t of DM were estimated in 2014, in comparison to the 21 t of 2011. Nitrogen was higher with increased arborization between 2011 (60.9 kg/ha), with greater nutrient intake from external sources, and 2014 (39.3 kg/ha), with less input of supplements and mineral fertilizers, and greater N2 contribution by arborization. Energy was higher in 2014, with an increase in algarroba population/ha. The increase of trees/ha favored forage yields, with improved N2 and energy efficiency, which was linked to the benefits acquired by the grassland, the contribution of livestock to the ecosystem, and the reduction in feeds and fertilizers
Estructura del pastizal, producción de leche y emisión de metano en vacas lecheras en pastoreo
(2021) Ortuño Barba, Carlos Luis; Faican Faican, Rosa Paola; Carangui Quintuña, Angel Bernardo; Cabrera Vazquez, Luis Geovanny; Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Angamarca Padilla, María Alexandra; Patiño Puma, Paola Andrea; Narváez Terán, Jhonny Alfredo; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Null; García Zumalacarregui, Jorge Alejandro; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael
The research was carried out at the IrquisExperimental Farm belonging to the University of Cuenca, Azuay province, Ecuador, at 2,663 meters above sea level with the following coordinates 1773890 E and 9659302 N, it is temperate climate, temperature between 8 and 14 ° C, relative humidity 80% and a rainfall of 639 mm / year. The research was carried out during 16 weeks, between the months of December 2018 to March 2019. The animal response was determined as milk production based on three botanical composition patterns, with a predominance of Kikuyo, in another with a predominance of Ryegrass and in another with an Association of these and White Clover. The structure of the grasslands was determined. The availability of forage was similar between the different types of grasslands, due to the time of study and that the components measured in the grassland had a compensatory effect, likewise the utilization in the Kikuyo pastures and the Ryegrass-Treból Association was better compared to Ryegrass. Milk production was higher in Kikuyo, most likely due toits better structure.
Physical-productive characterization and typologies of diversified dairy systems in the highlands of Ecuador
(2020) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Narváez Terán, Jhonny Alfredo; Aguirre de Juana, Ángel Javier; Arcos Álvarez, Fernando Raúl; Beltrán Romero, Cristian Fernando; Soria Parra, Manuel Elías; Bravo Álvarez, María Ximena; Machuca Machuca, Diana Angélica; Guerrero Paredes, Fabián Manuel
The objective of this work was to characterize and establish a typology of Cotopaxi cattle systems in the northern Sierra region of Ecuador. The data were collected through direct surveys of 212 farmers and reflect the main technical, economic and productive aspects of the farms. The typology was established using multivariate analytical techniques. Cluster analysis revealed four groupings. Group I, defined as Small Family Farms (GPF), Group II, as Family Farms Farms (GMF), Group III, as Technified Family Farms Farms (GMFT) and Group IV, as Very Small Family Farms (GMPF). An ANAVA was applied. The evaluation indicated important differences in the group farms, despite the fact that they are developed in the same agroclimatic environment, operate in the same markets and also have similar information. The result is a varied universe of situations with significant variations between medium and small systems. By scale and by reason of their areas dedicated to livestock and crops and their productive and efficiency results measured as income for each activity and level of expenditure.
Problemas de rentabilidad económica y eficiencia técnica en sistemas ganaderos de Ecuador
(2019) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Velasco Heras, Cristina Isabel; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Narváez Terán, Jhonny Alfredo; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Garzon Jarrin, Rafael Alfonso; Atzori, Alberto Stanislao; Aguirre de Juana, Ángel Javier; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; García Zumalacarregui, Jorge Alejandro
This systematic review of the literature integrates the findings of existing studies on profitability and technical efficiency (TS) in dairy farms, a classification of the previous literature that provides the basis for the synthesis. We systematically reviewed 63research studies with surveys with rigorous procedures. The revision is applied to the investigation of the published survey. The socio-economic environmental context is linked, the inputs to the system and the products with the variables that measure efficiency. There was no agreement between the authors on the context and the determinants of ET and EEs. The main determinants were the geographical location, the size of the farm, investments in veterinary care, feeding and milking practices and techniques for estimating the ET, public policies and variables related to management. The implications for milk producers and researchers close the review. A relevant characteristic that emerges from the literature is the lack of consensus regarding the measurement techniques and determinants of ET, which remains an open debate. The fact that the data was collected over a period of almost 30 years in all continents, reinforces the probability of heterogeneity between the samples and this could be a strong argument in favor of changes in the efficiency and to generate an exploratory discussion based on evidences of the studies and not fail to take into account the factors discussed here
Producción de leche como respuesta a la fertilización y riego en ganaderías de ecosistemas andinos en Ecuador.
(2018) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Once Yanza, Mariela Alexandra; López Alvarado, Diego Andrés; Ayala Guanga, Luis Eduardo; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Curbelo Rodríguez, Lino Miguel
In order to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and irrigation applications on milk production in Andean farms in Ecuador, a study was carried out on 535 farms with an altitude of 2550 m and temperatures between 7 and 25 ° C in montane ecosystems (Montano, Montano Alto and Montano Low). Factors such as fertilization and irrigation and the production of milk with a botanical composition of Ryegrass - Kikuyo as grasses and Clover White and Red as legumes were considered. The milk production was taken from the records corresponding to the day after the occupation of the paddock. A simple ADEVA was applied within each ecosystem. The dry matter availability of the grass was between 1.65 t / ha in Montano Bajo and 2.81 t / ha in Montano Alto. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in milk yields in Montano and Montano Alto with fertilized pastures (6.5 and 9.7 kg / cow) compared to lower values in non - fertilized. In relation to irrigation effects, significant differences (P <0.05) were in favor of sprinkler irrigation in Montano and Montano Alto with 8.7 and 10.8 kg / cow and higher values in production / ha. It was concluded that the responses in milk yield to fertilizer and sprinkler irrigation were significant (P <0.05) in the Montano and Montano Alto ecosystems compared to Low Montano, with values between 6,5 and 8,7 and 9,7 and 10 , 8 kg / cow / day and higher yields per area, explained by the greater availability of dry matter of the pasture in both ecosystems as an effect of applied agro technical activities