Browsing by Author "Jurado, Francisco"

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Comparative study of two new energy control systems based on PEMFC for a hybrid tramway in Ecuador
(2020) Cano Ortega, Antonio; Jurado, Francisco; Arévalo Cordero, Wilian Paul
This article presents a comparison of two alternative systems to supply the traction power of a tramway in Cuenca–Ecuador. Each system studies the effective combination of supercapacitors, lithium ion batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (SC/LIB/PEMFC) on board. The first system uses renewable sources (PV/HKT/GB/Grid) supplying the on-board systems through the existing grid and hydrogen charging stations. While the second system uses only grid power from a single point of charge, leaving the tramway without any external connection point throughout their journey. The energy and economic analyses are based on the capacity of each system to supply the load and the resources used. The results show that the new proposed control systems, by means of the analysed configurations made up of different control states, are always capable of perfectly supplying the power required by the tramway throughout their journey. However, when using energy from renewable sources, hydrogen consumption decreases by 4.27% with respect to the grid on each round trip, with a lower net present cost. Furthermore, in the first proposed system, the depth of discharge in SC and LIB is greater.
Optimal design and energy management for a grid connected renewable hybrid system (PV-HKT-GRID)
(EDP Sciences, 2020) Benavides Padilla, Dario Javier; Espinoza Abad, Juan Leonardo; Jurado, Francisco; Arévalo Cordero, Wilian Paul
The integration of renewable energy is transcendental for sustainable development. This article analyses a hybrid grid-connected system composed of renewable energy technologies (photovoltaichydrokinetic), where several scenarios for energy management are proposed. They include a battery system as energy storage and a system without storage but with resale fee to grid, with the aim of determining the best economic and environmental balance. The results show that, by having a (PV-HKT-GRID) system with energy storage and no resale fee to the grid, the Net Present Cost (NPC) is increased by USD $ 132, 760 and the Cost of Energy (COE) decreases $ 0.013/kWh when compared to the grid. In addition, the same hybrid system without energy storage and no resale fee to grid, presents an energy cost savings of $ 0.043/kWh, and an additional cost of USD $ 43, 630. Finally, if a grid resale rate is included in the renewable hybrid system, then the difference is noticeable, the savings in the Cost of Energy is $ 0.073/kWh and presents a saving in the NPC of USD $ 39, 930. In all cases, CO2 emissions have been avoided.