Browsing by Author "Garces Ortega, Juan Pablo"

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Hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma: from a molecular, diagnostic and therapeutic perspective
(2021) González Bracho, Jorge Rafael
Lymphomas are a heterogeneous set of malignancies, which have more than 100 entities that are derived from precur-sor or mature cells of the B, T, and NK lymphocytic lineages. Worldwide, these neoplasms affect between 3 to 6 people per 100,000 inhabitants, representing the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death. Traditionally they have been classified into two large groups, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Moreover, due to technological advances in areas such as immunol-ogy and genetics, different mechanisms have been identified through which lymphocytic neoplastic cells manage to evade antitumor surveillance, alter immunological checkpoints and condition their tumor microenvironment, thus guaranteeing its perpetuation. The initial diagnosis of lymphoma, based on clinical findings and identification of risk factors, must be confirmed by performing a lymph node biopsy. Chemo-radio-therapy is one of the first-line therapeutic strategies, although in recent years different biological therapies such as immu-notherapy have been developed, which have proven to be effective in controlling the disease. Because the pathogenic mechanisms of lymphomagenesis have important implications for diagnosis and clinical treatment, this review synthe-sizes current information on the pathophysiological processes underlying these neoplasms, summarizes the basic no-tions about their diagnostic approach, and presents evidence on the efficacy and safety of currently used first and second line treatments. © 2021, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology.
Lipid profile and its relationship with body mass index in adolescents of the Particular Educational Unit “Universitaria de Azogues”, Ecuador
(2019) Alvarez Ochoa, Robert Ivan; Conchado Martinez, Julio Hector; Garces Ortega, Juan Pablo; Cordero Cordero, Gabriela Del rosario; Saquicela Espinoza, Luis Alberto; Chuquiralagua Ruiz, Paul Emanuel; Yumisaca Tiuquinga, Silvia Veronica; Gonzalez Ortiz, Diana Patricia; Torres Perez, Angelica Estefania; Rodriguez Torres, Diego Andres
All rights reserved. Introduction: Dyslipidemia and excess weight in adolescents are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases both in this period and in adulthood. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out that included 74 third and fourth year students of the “Private Educational Unit “Universi-tary of Azogues”, to which the body mass index (BMI) was determined from the weight and height, proceeding later to the extraction of a blood sample for the assessment of the lipid profile. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (c-HDL) and triglycerides (TG) levels were determined using commercial kits (Spinreact®) and LDL-cholesterol (c-LDL) according to Human Frisonex®. Results: It was evidenced in the analysis that 70.3% of students had normal weight and 29.7% were overweight. 35.1% had CT levels in the limit and 9.5% were high. 51.3% showed TG levels and in 9.5% they were high. 94.6% had acceptable levels of c-HDL and c-LDL. 8.1% of the overweight students had high levels of CT and TG. Conclusions: 29.7% of adolescents were overweight and a significantly higher percentage (8.1%) high levels of CT and TG. The percentages of adolescents with overweight, limit and high levels of CT and TG suggest the need to follow them.
Reporte de la situación actual del tabaquismo en la población rural de Quingeo, Ecuador
(2017) Garces Ortega, Juan Pablo; Bermúdez, Valmore; Ortiz Benavidez, Rina; Ludizaca Gonzalez, Diana Paola; Torres Perez, Angelica Estefania; Cárdenas Calle, Juan Pablo; Encalada Mora, Pedro Andres; Jacome Verdugo, Giovanny Homero; Pineda Alvarez, David Manuel; Vasquez Procel, Xavier Alfredo; Torres , Maritza; Bermejo , Angélica; Añez, Roberto J.; Rojas, Joselyn
Introduction: Tobacco use has expanded worldwide and is a major modiﬁable risk factor for chronic noncommuni-cable diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological behavior of smoking and associated factors in the rural population of Quingeo, Ecuador.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, analytical ﬁeld study was carried out in which 530 individuals of both sexes over 18 years of age were selected from the rural population of Quingeo through a multi-stage ran-dom sampling. A complete medical history and physical examination were applied. Smoking was classiﬁed as: non-smokers; current smokers and former smokers. A lo-gistic regression model was constructed to estimate Odds Ratio (95% CI) for factors associated with being a current smoker.Results: 12.8% (n=68) were current smokers, 7.9% (n=42) former smokers and 79.3% (n=420) did not smoke. A statistically signiﬁcant association was found between smoking status and labor status (χ2=18.472, p<0.001), socioeconomic status (χ2=16,138, p<0.003) and educational status (χ2=24,539, p<0.001), where em-ployees and with a secondary and higher education pre-sented the highest prevalence of current smokers, while the lower class presented the lowest prevalence of current smokers. The main risk factors for smoking were male (OR=10.33, 95% CI: 4.69-22.77, p<0.001), alcohol con-sumption (OR=4.51, 95%CI: 2.10-9.67, p<0.001), and high abdominal circumference (OR= 2.35, 95% CI: 1.05-5.23, p= 0.036).Conclusions: We report a low prevalence of current smok-ers in the rural population of Quingeo. Factors associated with being a smoker were male gender, work status, edu-cational level, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption and abdominal obesity. Anti-smoking campaigns should be maintained by promoting a healthy lifestyle, with an emphasis on alcohol users and obese people.
Treatment of post-surgical pain in the traumatology service in a second level hospital
(2019) Brito Abril, Juan Carlos
© 2019 Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension. All rights reserved. Introduction: pain is the main reason for consultation after traumatology surgeries since they are usually longer procedures generating greater pain in the patient, reason for which the objective of the present analysis was to describe the treatment of post-surgical pain in the service of traumatology in a second level hospital. Materials and methods: this was a descriptive cross-sectional study in 101 individuals older than 12 years who presented a diagnosis of limb fractures admitted to the traumatology service of a second level hospital in the province of Cañar-Ecuador from January to July 2017. Describing the analgesic therapy used for the assessment of patients. Results: 101 cases were evaluated of which 67.3% were represented by the male sex and 32.7% by the female, 52.5% of the fractures were found in the upper limbs and 47.5% in the lower ones, the location most frequent was the radius and ulna, the predominant surgery was the open reduction of osteosynthesis with 60.4% of the cases, the most used analgesic treatment was ketorolac (93%), either as monotherapy 46.5% or associated to other drugs such as tramadol or metamizole 46.5%. The most used combination was ketorolac plus tramadol 45.5%. Of the total combined analgesic prescriptions, 49.5% use two analgesics as therapy. Tramadol was used in more than half of the 52.5% prescriptions. Conclusions: currently in the present health center the most frequent fractures were those of upper limbs and the predominant analgesic therapy was ketorolac and the combination most used was with tramadol.