Browsing by Author "Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Anemia gestacional del tercer trimestre: frecuencia y gravedad según la edad materna
(2020) Diaz Granda, Ruth Cumanda
Background: Anemia is very frequent condition in pregnant women and it has repercussions for both mother and child. Objective: Determine the frequency and severity of third trimester gestational anemia (hemoglobinemia < 11 g/dL) according to maternal age, in women whose child was born at the Hospital Vicente Corral, between September 2016 and February 2017. Material and methods: Transversal study. Sample: 428 pregnant women. Inclusion criteria: pregnancy of ≥ 27 weeks, hemoglobin report and live neonate. Exclusion criteria: twin newborns, neonate with major congenital malformations, mother with chronic diseases. Statistical analysis: in the quantitative variables, median, minimum and maximum values were calculated; in qualitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies were obtained; to demonstrate association Chi square was used and for statistical significance p-valor < 0.05. Results: Median for maternal age: 23 years 4 months. Hemoglobin: in anemic women 9.9 g/dl, in non-anemic 12.2 g/dl (p = 0.000). Anemia frequency: overall 31.8%, in <20 years 41.5%, in women 20-34 years 26.5% and in >35 years 35.6%. Severity of anemia: mild 18.7%, moderate 12.6, severe 0.5%. Maternal age influenced the frequency of anemia (Pearson’s Chi square = 8.911, p-value = 0.012), but not in its severity (Pearson’s Chi square = 1.078, p-value =0.898). Microcytosis frequency was 36.9% in anemic women. The mean corpuscular volume was associated with the severity of the anemia (p-value = 0.019). Conclusions: The frequency of anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy was high, the mild anemia was predominant. It mainly affected women < 20 and > 35 years old.
Caracterización morfológica y molecular del agente causal de la antracnosis en tomate de árbol en Azuay y Loja
(2019) Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador; Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina; Cabrera Cabrera, Rolendio Anibal; Quillay Curay, Norma; Ramon Montoya, Maria Teresita de jesus; Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino; Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes serious losses in tree tomatoes in Ecuador. This disease causes serious damage to fruits and its control is based mainly on use of chemical products. In Ecuador, the genera Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides have been reported to be the causal agent of anthracnose, based on morphological characteristics. In this study, the morphological and molecular characterization of 16 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. of tree tomato, in six different localities in the provinces of Azuay and Loja. Morphological characterization was carried out for variables such as colony color and conidium shape, while molecular characterization was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR experiments was carried out with specific primers reported for C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, designed in the internal transcription spacer (ITS). Based on morphological and molecular characterization, it was determined that the causative agent of anthracnose for the provinces of Azuay and Loja is the C. acutatum complex, represented by C. tamarilloi. Isolates presented characteristics of this species and molecular analysis allowed to confirm this result, generating amplifications of molecular weights of approximately 500 bp, while with the specific primers of C. gloeosporioides no amplification was obtained. This molecular characterization confirms results that place the C. acutatum complex as the causative agent of anthracnose in the Southern region of Ecuador.
Estudio transversal: anemia materna del tercer trimestre y su relación con prematuridad y antropometría neonatal en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca – Ecuador, 2016 – 2017
(2019) Diaz Granda, Ruth Cumanda; Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Background: Anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy (hemoglobin <11 g/dL) is a frequent pathology with important repercussions in the mother and fetus. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maternal anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy and its association with prematurity and neonatal anthropometry. Methods: An observational cross-sectional research was performed; 428 patients were included, who attended to Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital for delivery or C-section, during September 2016 – February 2017. Patients with a gestational age lower than 27 weeks, twin pregnancies, neonates with major congenital malformation and mothers with chronic diseases were excluded. For the analysis of information, descriptive statistics were used and an association was established for a statistical significance of p= <0.05. Results: An observational cross-sectional research was performed; 428 patients were included, who attended to Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital for delivery or C-section, during September 2016 – February 2017. Patients with a gestational age lower than 27 weeks, twin pregnancies, neonates with major congenital malformation and mothers with chronic diseases were excluded. For the analysis of information, descriptive statistics were used and an association was established for a statistical significance of p= <0.05. Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy was high, constituting a moderate problem for public health according to the classification of the World Health Organization; this pathology was associated with prematurity; however, no association was found with the different variables related to fetal anthropometry.
Factores asociados a bajo peso al nacer en neonatos en el Hospital “Vicente Corral”-2013
(2016) Diaz Granda, Ruth Cumanda
BACKGROUND: The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) is 7-31% and increases neonatal morbidity and mortality. It has been associated with fetal and maternal factors. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of LBW in infants born of mothers under 21 years at “Vicente Corral” hospital of Cuenca, Ecuador during 2013. METHOD: This is a case-control study. Case: Newborn (NB) with <2500g. Control: NB with ≥2500g. Population: NB at “Vicente Corral” hospital, <48 hours of life, with mothers <21 years. Sample: 141 cases and 705 controls matched by sex and postnatal age. Statistical analysis: absolute and relative frequencies were obtained. The comparability of groups was tested by sex (test of χ2=0.000; P=1.000) and postnatal age (U test of Mann-Whitney; P>0.05). Associated factors to LBW were determined by binary analysis (OR>1; P<0.05) and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Incidence of LBW was 15.5%. From binary analysis, associated factors to LBW with P<0.001 were: twinning (OR=35.6), SGA (OR=34.1), prematurity (OR=25.5), maternal weight <58 kg at end of pregnancy (OR=2.8), increased gestational weight <8kg (OR=2.4), <5 prenatal controls (OR=2.4), threaten of preterm delivery (OR=4.9), RM ≥12 hours (OR=3.7), arterial hypertension in pregnancy (OR=2.7), eclampsia/preeclampsia (OR=3.5). True associated factors were: SGA (Exp B=49.6; P<0.001), prematurity (Exp B=36.3; P<0.001), HBP in pregnancy (Exp B=3.3; P=0.013), threatenofpretermlabor(ExpB=2.9; P=0.022), BMI<18.5kg/m2atthebeginningofgestation(Exp B=2.9; P=0.049) and weight <58kg at the end of gestation (Exp B=2.4; P=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of LBW was high. Real associated factors to LBW were: PEG, prematurity, hypertension in pregnancy, threaten of preterm labor, BMI <18.5kg/m2 at the beginning of pregnancy and weight <58 kg at the end of gestation.
Factores maternos biológicos asociados a retardo del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) en hijos de adolescentes nacidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral. Cuenca-Ecuador. 2013
(REDU, UTPL, 2015) Diaz Granda, Ruth Cumanda; Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Introduction: The factors involve in the intrauterine life have repercussions in the embryonic and fetal life, around the birth, and in the future life of the individual. Objective: To determine the fetal factors associated with IUGR in teenager´s children who born in the Vicente Corral Hospital in Cuenca-Ecuador during 2013. Material and methods: Case-control design; universe: newborn (NB) teens´ children born at Vicente Corral Hospital, Cuenca-Ecuador, 2013; sample: not random, cases: 116 NB with IUGR teenagers´ children, controls: 348 NB teenager´s children without IUGR. Results: The IUGR was presented more frequently in female RN (53.4%), the predominant IUGR type was asymmetrical (57.8%). The neonatal anthropometric measurements weight (p = 0.001), height (p = 0.001) and cephalic perimeter (p = 0.001) presented statistical association to the IUGR. According to the binary analysis, the fetal factors associated with IUGR were: prematurity (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.17-6.20, p = 0.016) and twinness (OR = 18.93, CI = 95% 2.25-158.93, p = 0.001); fetal factors not associated with IUGR were: sex, TORCH infections, major congenital malformations (p> 0.05). According to binary logistic regression, twinness was the only one associated with IUGR (Exp B = 16.36, 95% CI = 1.92-139.64, p = 0.011). Conclusions: The IUGR was presented more frequently in the female sex, predominantly the asymmetric type. Neonatal weight, size and cephalic perimeter were associated to IUGR. The fetal factors associated to IUGR according to binary analysis were: prematurity and twinness, and binary logistic regression: twinness.