Imagenología-Pregrado

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Frecuencia de hipertrofia adenoidea en pacientes de 1 a 10 años diagnosticado por radiografía de cavum rinofaríngeo en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo. Azogues enero 2021 - julio 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-16) Pinos Crespo, Jennifer Ivonne; Zhao Morocho, Diana del Rocío; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Adenoid hypertrophy is a pathology characterized by the growth or inflammation of the lymphatic tissues in the upper area of the nasopharynx, causing conditions in the respiratory tract. This disorder mainly children mainly (1). Objective: To determine the frequency of adenoid hypertrophy in patients age 1 to 10 years diagnosed by nasopharyngeal cavity X-ray at Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital in the Azogues city between January 2021 and July 2024. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional method was used, collecting data from the anonymized databased of Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. Data was entered into SPSS statistical software for analysis. For the qualitative variable sex, the average was used; for the quantitative variable age, the arithmetic mean was used; and for the variable degree of hypertrophy, the percentage was applied. Results were represented through tables and graphs in order to determine the frequency of the pathology based on the selected variables. Results: The frequency of adenoid hypertrophy is 60.44%, representing 272 cases; males were the most affected (56.99%); ages between 7 and 10 years (37.87%); grad I =39.71%; the relation to sex-degree of hypertrophy, males with grade II (22.06%); the relation age-degree of hypertrophy >7 years; grade I= 19.85%. Conclusion: The frequency of adenoid hypertrophy is high at Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, representing 60.44% of patients.
Incidencia de desviación de tabique nasal en Tomografía Computarizada de Macizo Facial en pacientes del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga; Periodo enero 2018- junio 2018
(2019-11-11) Carchi García, Pablo Xavier; Cárdenas Cuji, Jhofre Fernando; Solano Brito, Pablo José
BACKGROUND Simple Computed tomography of craniofacial is the best diagnostic technique for nasal septum deviation. OBJECTIVE To identify the incidence of nasal septum deviation using simple craniofacial computed tomography in patients of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital; period January 2018 - June 2018 ". METHODOLOGY This is a descriptive study based on data obtained from the radiological reports of the Department of Imaging of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, during six months. The information was collected in forms. The universe consisted of 786 patients, excluding those that the Clinical Histories were incomplete or erroneous. Subsequently, the data was processed, tabulated and analyzed using SPSS V15.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016. RESULTS A total of 85.37% (671 patients) of the universe were reported with deviation of the nasal septum. The most frequent deviation was to the left side with 37.70%; right side 32.04%; italic S 9.69% and 20.57% there is deviation, but it does not specify the direction. The highest frequency of nasal septum deviation was found in the ages between 21 - 40 years with 35.32%. It registered 52.16% in the female gender and 47.84% in the male gender. CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that the incidence of nasal septum deviation is high, represented by a number of 671 patients out of the 786 reviewed. This means that 85.37% of the patients presented deviation of the nasal septum in the described period.
Incidencia de reflujo gastroesofágico en pacientes diagnosticados mediante esofagograma en el departamento de Imagenología del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga de la ciudad de Cuenca. Período Enero – Junio 2019
(2020-01-14) Astimbay Fajardo, Maleny Alexandra; Guamán Guallpa, Erika Lorena; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Esophagogram is a dynamic study, it allows the assessment of the anatomy and detection of various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroesophageal reflux is a condition of the stomach contents, it includes the return of the stomach contents to the esophagus. Objective: To determine the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux diagnosed by esophagogram in patients of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in Cuenca, in the area of Imaging. Period January - June 2019. Methodology: A descriptive - prospective study from January - June 2019 was carried out in the Imaging area of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in the city of Cuenca, the universe was made up of all the patients who underwent an esophagogastric series during the established period. The information was collected through forms and tabulated in SPSS V15.0 and Excel statistical tables programs by absolute frequency and percentage. Results: Of 163 patients who formed the universe 44.79% had gastroesophageal reflux, of these 54.79% are male. The age range most affected is over 65 years with 24.66%. Conclusions: The incidence of gastroesophageal reflux diagnosed by esophagogram was determined with the research project.
Incidencia de tromboembolismo pulmonar diagnosticado por angiotomografía computarizada, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca. Octubre 2017 - marzo 2018
(2018-11-11) Quito Gordillo, Pablo Andrés; Solano Brito, Pablo José
BACKGROUND The pulmonary embolism (PE) is considered to be the third cause of death at a cardiovascular level only after coronary artery disease and strokes; at a global level it appears in approximately 1 in every 1000 habitants a year. Autopsy studies indicate that PE is a 15% contributor or principal cause of death; in fatal cases more than half occur during the first hour of presentation. CT Angiography is considered to be the “gold standard” for the diagnostic of this pathology. OBJECTIVE Determine the incidence of pulmonary embolism diagnosed by CT Angiography in patients that attend to the Hospital Jose Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, October 2017 - March 2018. METHODOLOGY A prospective descriptive study was carried out based on data obtained from a universe conformed by 61 patients. The recollected information was tabulated and analyzed with accordance to the variables, utilizing the programs SPSS V23 and Microsoft Excel 2016. RESULTS Of the 61 evaluated patients, 32 (52.5%) were diagnosed with PE, of this group 59.4% are female. The incidence was major in adults older than 70 years (62%). Half of the patients were issued from the emergency area, followed by hospitalized patients that represent 31.3%. In 65.6% of the patients the thrombus was found occluding both pulmonary arteries, those of which in their majority were classified as an acute type with 17 cases (53.1%). Dyspnoea was the motive of the more recurring query being present in 50% of the cases.
Prevalencia de desviación del septum nasal diagnosticado mediante tomografía computarizada simple de senos paranasales en pacientes de 20 a 50 años en la Clínica Latinoamericana Cuenca-Ecuador. Periodo enero - diciembre 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-08) Calle Morquecho, Jenny Fernanda; Cuenca Ortiz, Karen Nathaly; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: The nasal septum is a structure formed by bone and cartilage, found inside the nasal cavity, which carries out different functions, such as being the support of the nasal pyramid, as well as ventilatory, olfactory, and phonatory functions. The nasal septum is covered by the respiratory mucosa of the aforementioned cavity (1). Nasal septal deviation can be defined as the loss of alignment of the nasal septum, which affects the quality of lite of people who suffer from this disease. Objective: To determine the prevalence of deviated septum, diagnosed by simple computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses in patients aged 20-50 years old at Latinoamericana clinic in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, from January to December 2022. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study, based on radiological reports of simple tomography studies of the paranasal sinuses in patients aged 20-50 years at Latinoamericana clinic in Cuenca. Ecuador. from January to December 2022 Results: Out of 169 patients, 100% of them were diagnosed with nasal septal deviation. Females were slightly more (52.70%) than males. Patients aged 20-30 years were the most affected (43.20%. The highest percentage of nasal septal deviation occurred to the left (62.10%). Cottle's area IV was the most affected (69.80% of all the data obtained).
Prevalencia de discopatía degenerativa en columna cervical diagnosticada por resonancia magnética en pacientes de 30 a 80 años en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga Cuenca, enero - diciembre 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-04-19) Bermeo Maldonado, María José; Maldonado Santander, Julio Alexander; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Degenerative disc disease is caused by the loss of proteoglycans, which makes the nucleus become dehydrated and shrink. The disc shows alteration, which can cause annular fissures and later a hernia. Objective: to determine the prevalence of degenerative disc disease in the cervical spine, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging in patients aged 30 to 80 years at José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, in Cuenca, from January to December 2019. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study. To obtain data, a form designed by the authors was used, which was collected and tabulated using the IBM SPSS 25 software, based on different variables. Results: From 550 magnetic resonance imaging tests 480 patients were diagnosed with degenerative disc disease (87.3%). This pathology prevails in fameless (64%) in the 51-60 age group (31.5%). The most frequent lesion is protruding disc herniation (59%), which can affect more than one intervertebral disc space (62.5%). Conclusions: These findings are similar to those of other studies showing that degenerative disc disease affects women primarily; imaging test show disc protrusion; they also show that the most affected region of the cervical spine occurs in more than one segment. MRI is the most effective diagnostic method due to its sensitivity and specificity.
Prevalencia de discopatía degenerativa en columna lumbar diagnosticada por resonancia magnética simple en pacientes de 30 a 70 años en Medimagen, Cuenca - Ecuador, periodo enero 2023 - febrero 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-27) Pogo Requenes, Heidi Gabriela; Reinoso Lasso, Angie Doménica; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Degenerative disc disease is a condition characterized by the progressive wear of one or more intervertebral discs, especially in the lumbar region. (1) These alterations cause a reduction in the intervertebral space, narrowing the openings through which spinal nerves emerge, generating radicular compression. (2) Over time, this condition leads to dehydration and decreased height of the intervertebral discs, as well as changes in their density. (3) Currently, magnetic resonance imaging is the standard method for evaluating degenerative disc disease due to its high sensitivity and specificity. (4) Objective: To identify the prevalence of degenerative disc disease in the lumbar spine diagnosed through simple magnetic resonance imaging in patients aged 30 to 70 years at Medimagen, Cuenca - Ecuador, during the period January 2023 - February 2025. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. Data were obtained through the review of simple lumbar spine MRI imaging reports performed at Medimagen. Results: Of the total of 873 imaging reports, the prevalence of lumbar degenerative disc disease was 97.3%, with the highest involvement in the age group 30-40 years (28.2%) and a higher percentage in females (49.4%). Among the pathologies associated with degenerative disc disease, the most frequent was disc degeneration (67.4%). Likewise, the lesions involved more than one segment of the lumbar spine (88.3%), and 64.0% of the patients did not present any Modic changes.
Prevalencia de escoliosis diagnosticada por radiografía anteroposterior y lateral de columna total en pacientes de 10 a 80 años en el Hospital del Río Cuenca – Ecuador, enero 2021 – diciembre 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-08) Alvarado Ulloa, Valeria Estefanía; Vega Tenecela, Lisseth Estefanía; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Scoliosis is a disorder characterized by spine misalignment in three planes of the body, with intense involvement in the coronal plane. This structural alteration significantly affects people of different ages. In Ecuador, the prevalence of scoliosis is approximately 2-3% of the population. In addition to clinical evaluation, it is necessary to carry out imaging studies like anteroposterior and lateral spine X-rays. (1) (2) Objective: To determine the prevalence of scoliosis diagnosed by spine X-rays in patients aged 10 to 80 years at Hospital del Río Cuenca - Ecuador, January 2021- December 2022. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study based on the radiological reports of anteroposterior and lateral X-rays studies in patients aged 10 to 80 years carried out at the Hospital del Río Department of Imaging in Cuenca, Ecuador. Results: This study determined that the prevalence of scoliosis diagnosed by anteroposterior and lateral spine X-rays is 95.3%. In regard to sex, scoliosis occurs in 50.8% of females. According to age, the prevailing group is 31-40 years old (17.4%). Regarding direction, the most prevailing curve is that of left convex scoliosis (47.3%). Finally, in regard to the Cobb angle, patients suffering from scoliotic attitude prevail (57.3%).
Prevalencia de fractura de Colles diagnosticada por medio de rayos x en pacientes de la Clínica Latino de la ciudad de Cuenca, enero 2019 – enero 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-11-15) Nieves Arévalo, Lesli Carolina; Salazar Flores, Pamela Denisse; Solano Brito, Pablo José
BACKGROUND: Colles fracture has been a current and common problem that is in the sixth place of trauma emergencies in our country. Studies show that in the city of Guayaquil, 60% of a total of 100 patients belonged to the male sex; in the city of Machala a 4:1 ratio of female to male patients was obtained, and finally in the city of Cuenca, 9.48% in a ratio of 2:1. It is concluded that the male sex is the most affected; that is why its investigation is considered relevant through the application of X-rays as this is a technique of high diagnostic value. OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of Colles fracture diagnosed by x-ray in patients of the Latino Clinic in the city of Cuenca, January 2019 - January 2020. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective descriptive study will be carried out based on the data obtained in the medical history of the patients who attended the imaging department of the Latino Clinic for a wrist X-ray study in the stated period; the information will be tabulated, analyzed and represented through tables and graphs according to the variables under study using the stookbook and Microsoft Excel programs. RESULTS: This study determined that the prevalence of Colles fracture occurs more frequently in the male sex with 51.83%, being more common in patients of 21 - 30 years old with 27.33%, as an injury mechanism, physical activity is the most common, corresponding to 46.60%, being the simple fracture with displacement the most present in our sample with 25.65%.
Prevalencia de hernia de disco en columna lumbar diagnosticada por resonancia magnética en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga IESS. Cantón Cuenca mayo 2014-octubre 2014
(2015-11-11) Solano Brito, Pablo José; Avila Caldas, Leonardo Alfredo; Tigsi Ganzhi, Luis Manuel
Objective: Prevalence of herniated disc in the lumbar spine of patients within the Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga (IESS) Cuenca province of Azuay. Period from May 2014 to October 2014. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in a population of 652 medical records of patients referred MRI for back pain clinic during 2014; in the José Carrasco Arteaga IESS Hospital in the city of Cuenca, data collection is the carried out using a form designed for that purpose, after validating the information using criteria of inclusion and exclusion proceeded to digitilize in SPSS version 15 The analysis is performed using simple tables, and to compare the prevalence of lumbar disc herniation by demographic characteristics the value of chi square (X2) and P value for statistical significance was used. Results: The prevalence of lumbar disc herniation was 80.2%; being more frequent in the population aged 50-59 years with 27.3%; males accounted for 53.2% and 46.8% female with the L5-S1 level accounted for 83.5% of cases of hernia, the type of protrusion being the most frequent with 96.7% of cases; Age and sex were not statistically significant for present herniated intervertebral space in a particular (p> 0.05) factors. Conclusions: The frequency found of lumbar disc herniation is high in the population studied is more frequent in the population between 50-59 years old and male.
Prevalencia de litiasis renal diagnosticada mediante urotomografía simple en pacientes de 30 a 80 años, en Medimagen Cuenca - Ecuador, periodo enero 2023 - enero 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-02) Macas Morocho, Karla Elizabeth; Ramírez Nieto, Roosvel Adrián; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: It is estimated that between 10% and 12% of the population has presented renal lithiasis at some point in their lives, being more predominant in men. (1)(2) The diagnosis of this disease has improved significantly with the use of advanced imaging techniques, with simple computed tomography urography (Uro-CT) being the method of choice due to its high sensitivity and specificity, offering a rapid and precise evaluation of the urinary tract, surpassing traditional methods such as plain radiography, ultrasound, and excretory urography. (3)(4) Objectives: To determine the prevalence of renal lithiasis diagnosed through simple Uro-CT in patients aged 30 to 80 years at Medimagen, Cuenca-Ecuador, period January 2023 - January 2025. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the review of imaging reports of simple Uro-CT studies from the Medimagen diagnostic imaging center. Results: A total of 392 radiological reports were analyzed, showing that the prevalence of renal lithiasis was 41.33%, corresponding to 162 patients, with the highest involvement in the age groups 30-40 years (35.80%) and 41-50 years (24.69%). It was also observed that this condition affects males slightly more (51.23%). The most frequent possible chemical composition among the renal lithiasis diagnoses was uric acid (37.65%), affecting the right kidney more (48.15%), with the distal ureter (32.72%) being the most affected location.
Prevalencia de patrones radiológicos en radiografía estándar de tórax en pacientes de 40 a 80 años que acudieron a la Clínica la Paz – Cuenca. enero 2021- diciembre 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-05) Mogrovejo Velepucha, Diana Carolina; Hurtado Calle, Paulo Roberto; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Radiological pulmonary patterns are findings described for the first time by Benjamin Felson in the mid-20th century. They facilitate differential diagnosis of pulmonary pathologies, which have a high prevalence worldwide and are of the main causes of deaths per year. (1) (2) (3) Standard chest X-ray is currently still considered one of the first choice techniques in the study of lung diseases. It allows to identify and differentiate these pathologies through the characteristics that each pattern presents, like the increase or decrease in normal lung density. (4) (5) General objective: To determine the prevalence of radiological patterns visualized in standard chest X-ray in patients aged 40 to 80 years at La Paz-Cuenca Clinic from January 2021 to December 2023. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study based on imaging reports of patients aged 40 to 80 years who under went standard chest X-ray at La Paz Clinic from January 2021 to December 2023. Results: This study determined that the prevalence of radiological patterns in standard chest X-ray is that of 55.98%. In regard to sex, these patterns occur in a higher percentage in females (54.2%). Regarding age, the predominant group (41.3%) is that of 71-80 years old. It was also reported that the radiological pattern with the greatest interval is the interstitial one (38.9%). Finally, according to the location of the findings, the bilateral ones predominate (74.1%).
Propuesta de modelo de gestión por procesos para el servicio de Imagenología de la Clínica la Paz, Cuenca-Ecuador 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-25) Blandín Rodríguez, Cielo Nicolaya; Montero Ortiz, Vanessa Mercedes; Solano Brito, Pablo José
Background: Imaging services constitute a fundamental component of diagnostic processes in healthcare institutions, supporting timely and accurate clinical decision-making. However, the absence of formalized management models may lead to deficiencies in the organization and operation of the service. At La Paz Clinic, the increase in demand for imaging studies highlighted the need to strengthen service management through approaches focused on efficiency and quality. Objectives: To develop a process-based management model proposal for the imaging service at La Paz Clinic, in the city of Cuenca, during the year 2025. Methodology: This research followed a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of all personnel working in the imaging service, comprising four staff members. The data collection technique used was a survey administered through a structured questionnaire with closed-ended, dichotomous questions. Conclusions: The situational diagnosis revealed that, although defined roles and internal coordination exist, the service lacks a formal management model. Additionally, peak service hours and limitations in staff availability were identified, affecting service continuity and efficiency. In this context, the proposal of a process-based management model is both relevant and feasible, as it enables comprehensive organization of strategic, operational, and support processes, optimizing available resources and strengthening the quality of the imaging service.

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