Fonoaudiología-Pregrado

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Browsing Fonoaudiología-Pregrado by Author "Garzón Hoyos, Anabel Dayanna"

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    Prevalencia de trastornos de los sonidos del habla en niños de 4 a 8 años de la Unidad de Diagnóstico, Investigación Psicopedagógica y Apoyo a la Inclusión, UDIPSAI, periodo 2018-2024
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-25) Garzón Hoyos, Anabel Dayanna; Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys
    Background: Speech sound disorders are characterized by persistent difficulties in the production of phonemes that affect speech intelligibility. They manifest when speech development does not correspond to the chronological age or cognitive capacity of the individual, generating communicative repercussions. Although its highest prevalence is concentrated in childhood, national literature shows heterogeneity in age ranges, contexts, methodologies, and variables analyzed, which limits a comprehensive understanding of its prevalence and clinical behavior, highlighting the need for studies in specialized care contexts. Objective: To determine the prevalence of speech sound disorders in children aged 4 to 8 years attending the Diagnostic, Psychoeducational Research, and Inclusion Support Unit (UDIPSAI) during the period 2018-2024. Methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study based on the analysis of institutional secondary data, using IBM SPSS 2022 and Microsoft Excel. Results: A higher prevalence of speech and language impairment (SLI) was observed in males with a mean age of 5.23 years. Phoneticphonological SLI was the most frequent (64.1%). The most relevant concomitant conditions were developmental language disorder and autism disorder, followed by intellectual disability, ADHD, tongue tie, hearing loss, and cleft lip and palate. Conclusions: Phonetic-phonological speech sound disorders showed the highest prevalence, with a predominance in children around five years of age and coexistence of various associated conditions.