Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Tesis Maestrías

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Browsing Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Tesis Maestrías by Author "Peña Tapia, Denisse Fabiola"

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    Caracterización de la comunidad de hongos endófitos asociados a la raíz de joyapa (Macleania rupestris) y evaluación del efecto de cepas cultivables en el desarrollo de plántulas
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-11-29) Curillo Santos, Diana Lorena; Peña Tapia, Denisse Fabiola
    Macleania rupestris is a native Ericaceae with high potential in terms of benefits for health and the environment. Characterizing generalist or specialized interactions between M. rupestris and associated fungi is key to supporting its conservation and domestication. However, very little is known about the relationship between plant growth promoting endophytes and M. rupestris. Therefore, to learn more about the soil- associated microbiota of M. rupestris, we analyzed endophyte communities associated with the plant's surrounding soil and rhizosphere. Which presented a great abundance of genera such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. rupestris plants. Objective: Characterize the endophytic fungal community associated with the root of joyapa (Macleania rupestris) and evaluate the effect of cultivable strains on seedlings development Methodology: Fungal endophytes were isolated from the roots of M. rupestris to evaluate their growth- promoting activity on seedlings. This research discusses the influence of endophytic fungi on the development of M. A total of six cultivable fungi were extracted, which were identified by the community of isolated fungi and characterized by molecular markers ITS (internal transcribed spacer) and LSU (large subunit). To investigate the effect of endophytes on plant growth, the 6 isolated fungi were selected to evaluate their ability to promote plant growth by applying a strain inoculation bioassay. Results: The results indicated that Clonostachys rosea and Trichoderma paravidescens isolated from the roots of M. rupestris have a vital role in promoting plant growth. Their potential use as inoculants to establish a sustainable crop production system and their application in the discovery of bioactive compounds should be part of future research.
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    Caracterización de la comunidad de hongos endófitos asociados a la raíz de Pleurothallis coriacardia y evaluación de su efecto en el desarrollo de sus semillas
    (2017-07-12) Maldonado Cedeño, Gabriela Patricia; Peña Tapia, Denisse Fabiola
    The family Orchidaceae is recognized as an important plant-group due to their mutualistic interactions with fungi assembling mycorrhiza interactions. Despite the abundant information about mycorrhizal relationships, the knowledge of diversity patterns of endophytic microorganisms at orchid-roots is poorly understood. Particularly, in the Neotropic, the knowledge on Andean orchids and the diversity of microorganisms that inhabits their roots is very limited. We collected samples of roots in a montane forest in southern Andes of Ecuador and characterize the endophytic communities - cultivable and noncultivable – that colonize Pleurothallis coriacardia roots. We report the isolation of cultivable endophytic fungi, related to Psathryrellaceae, a clade poorly studied as mycorrhizal, with a promotor activity in the post-embryonic development of the seeds of P. coriacardia to a testa rupture stage. The community of endophytic microorganisms characterized by molecular methods reports seventy-seven OTU (Operational Taxonomic Units) phylogenetically close to the Atractiellales and Sebacinales orders, while the community of endophytic bacteria reports the presence of sixty-six OTU, mainly cyanobacteria. This molecular analysis confirms postulates of association of tropical orchids to a wide range of taxa recognized as mycorrhizal and endophytes, opening the possibility to clarify the diversity of ecological roles that these organisms may be fulfilling in the plant. Within this context, our results contribute to the knowledge of the high diversity in composition of the entire endophytic community and to the understanding of complex interactions of Andean orchids and their endophytic hosts.