Economía-Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/79

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Análisis de sostenibilidad del Fondo para la Protección de la Vida, la Vejez y la Salud de los servidores de la Universidad de Cuenca, Fondo Provida – FCPC
(2019-02-21) Rivera Guamán, Lety del Cisne; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
The actuarial study is a distinctive competence in the administration of insurance and related institutions that allows identifying problems in time and promoting optimal solutions. Thus, in this work is updated the latest actuarial study of the Unemployment Fund of the University of Cuenca to determine if it will be sustainable in the next five years, as it is observed that the number of new affiliations is low compared to the high number of partners who retire. For this, demographic and economic-financial parameters were used, and with the use of the reserve projection method, it was found that for the year 2017 the Fund had a surplus of $11'079.153, which indicates, as the financial analysis, that the administration has been efficient and no deficits were estimated for the study horizon. Also, it is evident that the majority presence of teachers allows the fund to be sustainable, since these are the ones that have the greatest contributions. Therefore, the administration of the Fund can opt for a 1% reduction in the contribution rate, maintain at least 518 members and not modify the interest rates of the loans.
Análisis del impacto de las remesas sobre el crecimiento económico ecuatoriano aplicando un modelo VAR para el período 2001-2012
(2014) Angamarca Borja, Luz María; Tenecora Quito, Cristian Adrian; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research work aims to contribute to the analysis of relationships that keeps remittances to consumption, investment and especially with the economic growth of Ecuador. To reach this goal was made use of econometric methodology, conducting three VAR (Vector Auto-Regressive) models. As a result it was found that remittances have a positive effect on economic growth in Ecuador, where it was found that this effect is exerted through both consumption and investment through the same. Similarly, it was found that Ecuadorian migrants maintain an altruistic feeling with his family, which encourages them to submit in order to assist the family income.
Crecimiento económico en Ecuador: Análisis del equilibrio general bajo el esquema de economía pequeña y abierta
(2006) Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Demanda de las cocinas de inducción aplicado a la parroquia rural El Valle, cantón Cuenca, análisis comparativo 2014-2015
(2016) Maldonado Espinosa, Gianella Carolina; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research aims to make a demand pilot study on induction stoves for 2014-2015 and later a comparative analysis. This study is applied to the Parroquia El Valle, in the canton Cuenca, excluding urban areas, employing as the object of study head householders through two binary logit models with the same features to compare both years. The main results in 2014 show that, in relation to sample size in rural Parroquia El Valle, 33% of population are willing to get an induction stove, Factors that influence the decision to acquire the induction stove are: income, obtaining a positive effect and the cost with a negative effect. In the estimation of cost, the result showed that considering all homes surveyed of rural Parroquia El Valle will acquire the induction stove, total costs per household on average is $573.34. While the results for year 2014 are that 20% of surveyed in Parroquia will acquire the induction stove, the variables age and electric bill payment have higher influence in the model, existing an inverse relationship and we found that in the determination of cost is of approximately $526.70.
Desempleo juvenil: estimación de la probabilidad de que un joven azuayo entre 18 y 24 años trabaje, año 2012
(2014) Cacuango Reinoso, Diana Isabel; Lucero Criollo, Patricia Fernanda; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research aims to estimate the probability that a young Azuayo between 18 and 24 years old work, for which the National Survey on Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment in June 2012 published by INEC was used. For this probability the Logit methodology was applied, the results of this estimation indicate that the variables that most influence for a young work are mainly Instruction level and experience, as well as the marital status of a person, area, sex and ethnicity. Finally, we can say that the predictive power of the logistic model was found to be 76.96%.
Determinación de la pobreza en el cantón Cuenca en base a información primaria, período 2012
(2013) Jarrín Bernal, Gloria Victoria; Rodríguez Merchán, Diana Estrellita; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research aims to provide empirical evidence to the problem of poverty in the Cuenca city, in specific to identify the determinants of poverty in the urban and rural household consumption in the period 2012 through gathering information that will allow us to perform an empirical contrast using econometric estimation models. Two econometric models for each area was used to estimate in two stages, the first stage corresponds to a Log-lin(linear logarithmic) model that measures the percentage change in the level of consumption per capita of households against the set of variables raised in theory, the second stage model is a model of probability (Logit) which measures the probability that a household is poor for consumption according to the parameters found as determinants of consumption in the first stage model. Results found as determinants of poverty in the urban area are: children 0 to 5 years, children 6-11 years, adult, rate of economic dependence, number of recipients of income, level of education of the head (a) household, occupation of the household head, durable, cell phone access and index the number of people with internet access. For the Rural area are: children 0 to 5 years, rate of economic dependence, access to basic services, access to financial services, receiver of remittances, bond Receptor of human development and migration.
Determinación de los factores económicos, financieros y sociales que establecen el funcionamiento de la cadena de producción de leche cruda en las comunidades de Babarcote, Caguanapamba, Charon Ventanas, Chocarpamba, Quilloac y Sisid de la provincia de Cañar Periodo 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-12) Palacios Pantoja, Dolly Marcela; Jaramillo Carrillo, Yocasta Lisbeth; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
The small milk producer lacks technical tools that allow him to establish a clear context of the performance of his productive activity. Faced with this problem, in this integrative project we study the factors that establish the operation of the raw milk production chain in the province of Cañar. To this end, a study is carried out with a sample of 123 milk producers in the communities of Babarcote, Caguanapamba, Charon Ventanas, Quilloac and Sisid belonging to the Cantons: Biblián, Cañar and El Tambo for the period 2023; through the methodology developed by the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), value links14, and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) for the analysis of the milk production chain in these communities. With respect to the above, it was possible to determine a production cost of $0.33 cents per liter of milk in the communities; on the other hand, it was possible to establish that the factors that determine the functioning of the milk production chain, in terms of social child: the organizational capacity of the communities and the low generational change; In terms of finance, they are: the low capacity to record daily financial activities and the family workforce, which is largely made up of women, and in terms of economics, they are: the strong dispersion of producers, fostering opportunistic attitudes of economic actors. . and a shaky commercial and productive network.
Determinación de los precios de vivienda en la ciudad de Cuenca 2011-2012: un análisis econométrico basado en la metodología hedónica
(2014) Arce Maldonado, Magali Lucia; Saetama Flores, Tatiana Rosibel; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research aims to determine the price of used houses in the city of Cuenca - Ecuador for the year 2011-2012, by applying the hedonic methodology proposed by Rosen (1974), which consists of estimating the price housing based on their quantitative and qualitative characteristics, related to the size, distribution, type of materials and access to basic services. We used the database of the Income and Expenditure Survey 2011-2012 INEC, to get to the results different functional forms were used: linear, log-linear, linear-log and log-log; log-linear being the which provided the best adjustment, getting semielasticidades that reflect the percentage change in price due to the change of a certain characteristic, knowing the importance of the attributes based on the percentage obtained for each coefficient. It was determined that the price of used housed in the city of Cuenca is influenced directly by: the housing condition (roof, walls and floor), road access to housing, number of bedrooms and toilets, material of the walls and floor, heating gas and the square meters of construction.
Determinantes de la pobreza multidimensional en el Ecuador y sus interrelaciones. Una aproximación a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales para los años 2009 y 2016
(2018) Bigoni Ordóñez, Marisol; Mendoza Cajilima, Jorge Marcelo; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
The purpose of this paper is to identify the fundamental determinants of multidimensional poverty and its interrelations, incorporating variables that are not exclusively economic, but also factors that account for the socio-economic situation of each individual or household, from a series of deprivations at the multidimensional level. To this end, empirical evidence is generated for the years 2009 and 2016, based on information provided by the National Survey of employment, unemployment and underemployment-ENEMDU, presented by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses-INEC, using as a technical tool the structural equation modeling (SEM), being an extension of several techniques multivalent. Based on the empirical results, this tool has allowed design diagrams causal path between variables multidimensional determinants of poverty, as well as to establish the magnitude of the relationship between factors. In addition, analyzes its scope and robustness, focusing on the challenges of the information used and in the methodological issues involved in their construction and estimation. Finally, we discuss the different advantages and limitations when using this method, as a mechanism for the design of public policy formulation with improvement to reduce multidimensional poverty.
Determinantes espaciales de la aglomeración de la población con educación terciaria en Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-23) Jara Jarrín, Joseline Juliana; Vega Alvarez, Diego Reinaldo; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This article examines the spatial concentration of individuals with third-level education in Ecuador's cantons for the year 2023 and analyzes the main socioeconomic, educational, and demographic factors driving this agglomeration. The study is based on demographic information from the 2022 CENSUS and the 2023 National Employment and Unemployment Survey (ENEMDU) provided by INEC, the State Attorney General's Office and SENESCYT. Based on the hypothesis that qualified human capital tends to concentrate in cantons that offer better living conditions and greater development opportunities, exploratory spatial analysis tools, Markov chains and a set of spatial econometric models (SAR, SEM, SDM, among others) are used to understand this national migration phenomenon. The results indicate that university infrastructure and labor income are determining factors in explaining the spatial agglomeration of qualified human capital, while the simulation with Markov chains reflects the existence of centralized migration trends of professionals from less developed provinces to cantons in the provinces of Azuay, Tungurahua, Pichincha and Guayas.
Embarazo adolescente y su impacto sobre el logro educacional y laboral en el ecuador. Periodo 2011 – 2012
(2015) Avila Palchizaca, Edisson Fernando; Loja Pacheco, Cristian Germán; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This study analyzes the impact of teenage pregnancy on years of education attained by women, work experience measured by years of work, working hours and salary earned. For this purpose, the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGHUR) 2011-2012 is used, where the object of study are all those mothers between the ages of 20-49 years. The technique used in this study is the Propensity Score Mattching and negative effects of pregnancy on the outcome variables are determined.
Factores determinantes de la innovación: evidencia en las pymes y grandes empresas del Ecuador, para el periodo 2009-2011
(2016) Llivichuzhca Zumba, José Lorenzo; Tenesaca Quizhpilema, José Elías; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This research investigates the determinants of innovation in SMEs and large enterprises of Ecuador through the “CDM” model that includes all the innovation process. This relates the innovative effort with innovation and this one with enterprises' productivity. Besides, the model has the feature to correct selectivity and simultaneity biases. Also, it takes into account the endogeneity because spending on innovation activities is endogenous in the equation of innovation and innovation is endogenous in the production equation. This research uses data from the survey of innovation activities 2009-2011, collected by the INEC. Econometric model results generally suggest that factors such as spending on innovation activities, formal protection methods, and the size of the enterprise; positively affect innovation product and/or process innovation. Besides, we have found individual factors for each type of innovation. That is to say, the methods of strategic protection, the aim to improve the quality of goods and services, sources of information from customers-consumers and competitors only affect product innovation. While the aim health-safety and fixed capital investment per employee encourages the innovation process. Interesting results were also found in the extension of the model, which take care of non-technological innovations. Among the remarkable, there is the importance of R&D on these types of innovations.
Factores determinantes para la afiliación voluntaria a la seguridad social de profesionales libres y trabajadores informales. Estudio de corte transversal para la ciudad de Cuenca en 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-28) Espinoza Terán, Paulina Fernanda; Ojeda Romero, Mateo Miguel; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
The research explores the determining factors of voluntary affiliation to social security among informal workers and self-employed professionals in Cuenca in 2023, using a binomial probability econometric model that unravels the complexities of the individual decision regarding social protection. Through a thorough information gathering via survey, the study reveals a multifaceted landscape where variables such as age, family influence, pension, lack of knowledge about benefits, and the time spent on the activity emerge as positive catalysts for voluntary affiliation. In contrast, factors such as age squared, service provision, the transportation sector, having debts, and household members act as barriers that reduce the likelihood of voluntary contributions. The results not only validate existing theoretical arguments but also provide critical insights for the design of more inclusive public policies, challenging traditional paradigms of social protection and offering a transformative perspective that encourages rethinking the mechanisms for integrating labor-vulnerable populations within the Ecuadorian context.
Factores que influyen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de las diferentes facultades ofertadas por la Universidad de Cuenca en el año 2015 (cohorte año 2012)
(2016) Durán Espinoza, Diego David; Iñamagua Acero, Verónica Rocío; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This thesis aims to analyze which are the determinant factors of academic performance of the students of the university of Cuenca in the year 2015 (Cohort year 2012). We estimated an Educational production function using least ordinary squares taking the academic performance as dependent variable and age, ENES test grade, graduation grade, dummy variables regarding socio- demographic characteristics and attitudes towards the major among the covariates. Besides, a logistic model was used to estimate the probability of approving or failing the academic semester. Existent literature addresses the topic using multiple linear regression models to determine which factors influence the academic performance and desertion. Also, Probit models are used to determine the probability of desertion. The results indicate that the academic performance of is not affected by the fact some students work. Besides, motivation and satisfaction towards the studies have a direct effect on academic performance. The ENES test grade and the graduation final grade are determinant of the dependent variable. In opposition to the least ordinary squares estimation, the logistic model presents similar results indicating that the probability of desertion has the same tendency that academic performance.
Gasto y tenencia de vivienda en las ciudades de Quito, Guayaquil, Cuenca y Machala: determinantes socio-económicos
(2017) Barreto Conde, Mónica Elizabeth; Orellana Escandón, Adriana Elizabeth; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
This article estimates a model that combines the choice of tenure and expenditure of services in housing in the Ecuador´s market and its main cities Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca, including Machala; in which a two-stage estimation procedure is used. The hypothesis of permanent income and demographic variables are included in the analysis. The study uses data collected at the household level by the Living Conditions Survey, INEC for the year 2014. The results show that property rates are high in Ecuador and all its cities. The probability of a family owning their home increases with permanent income, age, and household size. There is a restriction associated with spending because: if a family decides between buying or renting a house and how much to spend on services, it spends less than if it only decides the level of expenditure to be made. Permanent income and family size affects significantly the household consumption for households. The results of the analysis and the estimated income elasticities of demand are comparable and consistent with the results reported for other developing countries.
Identificación y formulación de estrategias de desarrollo para el fortalecimiento de la estructura productiva del cantón Biblián, período 2011-2015
(2011) Urgiles Espinoza, Paola Jaqueline; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
Medición del impacto de los microcréditos sobre el nivel de vida de los habitantes del cantón San Fernando, año 2014
(2015) Gavilanes Rivadeneira, Aida Valeria; Romero Tintín, María Eugenia; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
In the present study the economic and social impact of microfinance in the canton San Fernando is measured, the database of the members of the Cooperative Jardín Azuayo was used, this helped us to determine the treated group and the control group. To calculate the impact of microcredit was used econometric models PROBIT and ORDERED PROBIT at individual level, household level and entrepreneurship level whichever is applicable, it is important to note that microcredit were significant and positive at all levels studied, It is for this reason constituting a mechanism for poverty reduction in San Fernando.
Obtención de la disposición a pagar para disminuir la congestión vehicular en las Avenidas: HuaynaCápac, 12 de Abril, Remigio Crespo Toral, Fray Vicente Solano y Américas, de la ciudad de Cuenca periodo 2015
(2016) Mejía Zumba, Diego Paúl; Morocho Sigüenza, Jessica Fernanda; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio
The city of Cuenca has been presenting a problem of traffic congestion due to reasons such as increased fleet, poor public transport, vehicles that have outlived their usefulness and continue to circulate, narrow streets in the historic center and deficiencies in the traffic signal system, no further studies have been conducted for the city of Cuenca on this issue. The main objective was to obtain a willingness to pay to reduce traffic congestion in the city of Cuenca in the Avenues of the Americas, Huayna Capac, Fray Vicente Solano, RemigioCrespoToral and April 12, using the Contingent Valuation Method, with the baseline study: "Willingness to pay to reduce traffic congestion in the primary roads in the city of Mexico" by the author Armando Joshua Angel Ramirez in 2005, making a logit econometric model. The main results were obtained: a rate of 14% growth of the fleet, this being a signal increasing problem and a value to pay for each driver 0.42 cents, these revenues can be represented through a toll a source of income so that the current authorities can seek solutions to congestion and is funding infrastructure, providing maintenance or expanding the public good.
Valoración del impacto económico y social en el bienestar de los hogares del cantón Paute por la implementación de un relleno sanitario para la disposición final de los residuos sólidos del 2013 al 2022
(2012) Fajardo Calderón, Juan Pablo; Vanegas Peña, Juan Andrés; Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio

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