2024-03-28T16:29:50Zhttp://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/oai/requestoai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/275942020-08-03T15:50:41Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Sucuzhañay Guamán, Rubén Darío
author
2017
The present study analyzed how the use of soil (shrub vegetation and pasture) around the water abstraction of the municipal public company of potable water, sewage and environmental sanitation of the canton Azogues affects the quality of the water captured for its purification. Through the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) a map was generated that represents the degree of water erosion within the micro basin. Subsequently, extractions of USLE fragments were carried out for the areas near the catchments in order to establish the degree of erosion associated to the catchments and to determine the relevance of the erosion for each catchment.
To determine the relationship between the different land uses and the decrease in the water quality that reaches the company's catchments, a variety of laboratory tests were used, an analysis of variance for each variable, a multivariate analysis and discriminant canonical analysis.
When the USLE was related to the use and cover of soil around the catchments, it was determined that, in ravines that do not have an adequate degree of conservation, more erosion occurs. And since the Condoryacu stream is the most conserved within the micro-basin, the data of the physicochemical analyzes have lower levels. While the Llaucay creek has the largest pasture extension being a livestock area, high levels of total and fecal coliform concentrations are observed, thus exceeding the norm. In addition, a constant in all ravines is that the true color parameter exceeds what is stipulated in the regulation as a maximum limit. On the other hand, it can be ensured that within the micro-basin there are no erosion problems since most of its territory is in a mild or moderate category, according to the classification established by FAO in 1981. It is established that the variables that most influence the water quality of the micro watershed are: total and fecal coliforms, which are related to the use of soil of the entire ravine and not only to the surrounding area. The physicochemical and microbiological data used were obtained during the period from August 2015 to August 2016.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27594
Ingenieria Ambiental
Calidad del agua
Captación
Manova
Cantón Azoques
Captación de agua
Rio Tabacay
Microcuenca
Efectos del uso del suelo sobre la calidad del agua, en las captaciones ubicadas en la microcuenca del río Tabacay, pertenecientes a la empresa pública municipal de agua potable, alcantarillado y saneamiento ambiental del cantón Azogues
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/318642019-12-23T13:39:50Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Guamán Pintado, Pamela Maricela
author
2019-01-28
In recent years in the city of Cuenca, industrial activities, construction, and the automotive park have generated an increase in atmospheric pollutant concentrations, causing health problems especially in children to represent a vulnerable population, impacting on diseases such as diseases allergic and increased hypersensitivity to inhaled aeroallergens in the environment. Given that geographic information systems (GIS) represent a fundamental tool for the assessment of air pollution through spatial interpolation.
The present investigation determines the method of interpolation that best fits the spatial distribution of the pollutants ozone (O3) and particulate material less than 10 microns (PM10) and its relationship with allergic diseases in children from 3 to 5 years of age. The validation and comparison of the methods allowed us to conclude that the method of inverse distance weighting (IDW), which is an exact and deterministic method, has better results in the estimation of concentrations, compared to Kriging, which is a geostatistical method, a coefficient was obtained of Pearson correlation (r) of 0.6 for O3 and 0.64 for PM10, determining that IDW presents better behavior with atmospheric pollutants. In addition, it was identified that 32% of the study population has a hypersensitivity reaction in the application of skin tests to inhalants, with 52% being the highest percentage of positive reports belonging to the female gender, however no significant relationship was found between contaminants atmospheric with the prevalence of allergic diseases.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31864
Sistema de Información geográfica
Interpolación espacial
Ponderación de distancia inversa
Calidad de aire
Pm10
Alergia
Análisis de los métodos de interpolación en la distribución espacial de los contaminantes ozono y material particulado menor a 10 micras y su relación con enfermedades alérgicas en niños de 3 a 5 años de edad en el área urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/303982019-12-19T17:23:41Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Deleg Pañi, Franklin Alfredo
author
2018
The need to increase the knowledge about rainfall models to contribute to the understanding of the hydrologic cycle, the possibility of applying statistical methods in the Paute river basin is verified. We was able to understand and observed that the climatic variability of precipitation in a region is strongly influenced by variations in sea surface temperatures (TSM) of the oceans surrounding it. Future climatic conditions are not easy to predict accurately; an approximation it would be very useful for the better understanding of precipitation patterns and forecasting of the future conditions to which a place could be exposed. This will allow analysis of the risks posed by precipitation extremes (droughts and floods) and design prevention and mitigation actions to reduce impacts on the population. Main objective of this project was development a rainfall forecast using statistical models and predict the seasonal variation in a probabilistic way on Paute basing. For this reason a canonical correlation analysis was used, and validation of application of this models was carried out by means of skill scores, through by comparison of observed and modeled values. Results shows the efficiency of this statistical method to identify associations, through a multivariate approach, where standardized index of precipitation act as predicating. Correlations and canonical charges founded, indicate a correspondence between the variables and the temperature of the sea surface that acts as a predictor in period 1981-2010.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/30398
Precipitación
Temperatura de la superficie
Correlación canónica
Indice estandarizado
Ingenieria Ambiental
Pronóstico de lluvia utilizando métodos estadísticos en la Cuenca del Río Paute”
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/333642020-08-03T15:50:42Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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González Jiménez, Francisco Xavier
author
2019-09-05
Local and global environmental problems demand a sustainable management of natural resources. The present work evaluates the environmental sustainability of the farm “El Romeral” (Guachapala, Azuay), owned by Universidad de Cuenca. Applying the Ecologycal Footprint Indicator, and assessing the sustainable food habits of high school students from Guachapala was part of the actions of this project. Besides, we inquired the demand of the agricultural products produced in the farm in its vicinity.
The ecological deficit was estimated in -11.93 global hectares (hag); resulting from substracting the Ecological Footprint (71.93 hag) from the Biocapacity (60 hag). From the questionnaires, 80% of the students agree with sustainable food habits, being their relation with nature and self-transcendence, factors with bilateral positive correlation. In order to improve the farm sustainability and reduce the Ecologycal Footprint, the products should be commercialized in the vicinity.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33364
Ingenieria Ambiental
Sostenibilidad
Granjas
Huella ecológica
Biocapacidad
Balance ecológico
Evaluación de la sostenibilidad e impacto en la nutrición sostenible de la granja agrícola ´El Romeral´ de la Universidad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/292982020-08-03T15:50:43Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Calderón Vargas, Rodrigo Bayardo
author
Ramírez Alava, Juan Esteban
author
2018
Cajas National Park is the main supplier of high quality water for human and industrial consumption in Cuenca. The changes in land use (agricultural industry) and climate change can alter the essential functions of this ecosystem, mainly hydric regulation. In this research, hysteresis loops of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrate (NO3-N) and turbidity were studied at five minutes intervals, from January 1, 2015 to December 20, 2016, during discharge events in the Quínuas River. For the study, there were two automatic water quality stations (UV-vis absorbance spectrometer) in the upper part (not disturbed sub-basin Virgen) and in the lower part of the basin (disturbed by agricultural industry sub-basin Chirimachay). According the obtained results, COD was the parameter that showed the most notable change in the hysteresis, rotating mainly clockwise in Virgen sub-basin, while in Chirimachay sub-basin counterclockwise prevailed. These differences could be related with the anthropogenic activities in Chirimachay. Such information could apply as baseline in order to identify some deterioration in páramo ecosystems in the future. In this way the knowledge regard hydrogeochemical processes in the páramos is improved, been a key issue for the management of these ecosystems that have not been well studied.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29298
Páramo
Histeresis
Procesos hidrogeoquímicos
Industria agropecuaria
Ingenieria Ambiental
Efecto de la industria agropecuaria sobre la histéresis durante eventos de caudal en la relación concentración-caudal de DBO, DQO, nitratos y turbidez en la cuenca de páramo andino del río Quinuas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/297082019-12-19T17:12:41Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Montenegro Ambrosi, Martín Patricio
author
2018-02-23
In this study, the variation of future drought patterns in the different regions of Ecuador in the period 2041-2070 was calculated and analyzed with respect to the base period 1981-2005 through the standardized precipitation index. For the analysis the change of the spatial and temporal patterns of the different drought categories in regions of Ecuador was identified, and it was analyzed the most significant spatial and temporal changes that can be made. Produce climate change in the country in the scenario of middle emissions RCP 4.5 and high emissions RCP 8.5. The use of a historical database (1981-2005), the global circulation models GCMs product of CMIP5 and their respective emissions scenarios, and their results, a reduction of scale through WRF for the base period (1981-2005) and future projections for the period 2041-2070 in the emissions scenario RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, tools that allowed analyzing the future variation of the drought around climate change by calculating the standardized precipitation index. The evaluation of drought projections for the 2041-2070 period using the standardized precipitation index allows us to identify a rate of decrease in the frequency of all drought categories throughout Ecuador for the scenario of average emissions RCP 4.5. For the scenario of high emissions RCP 8.5, a more dramatic decrease in the frequency of all the drought categories in Ecuador is expected. The regions in which the most drastic divisions of drought frequency are reduced, both spatial and temporal, are the sierra and the oriente.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29708
Ingeniería Ambiental
Cambio climático
Climatología
Proyecciones futuras de sequías en regiones climatológicas del Ecuador
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/337962020-08-03T15:50:45Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Jiménez Ordóñez, Ana Magaly
author
Torres Sánchez, Jessica Lizbeth
author
2020-01-08
In this project, the quality of surface water that passes through the Guarumales camp belonging to the Electric Corporation of Ecuador (CELEC EP), Hidropaute headquarters, which is located in the town of Sevilla de Oro, and the existing relationship with the different activities carried out inside of it were evaluated. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of environmental impact was established that defined the treatment of water and waste as the one with the greatest impact. To define the water quality, the Water Quality Index (WQI) Montoya 97 was applied, after monitoring the flow rate and seventeen physicochemical and microbiological variables. This allowed establishing the degree of contamination in the water, being the hillside 2 and the channel of wastewater treatment the most affected, which recorded relevant variations between upstream and downstream. The water’s values recorded in the channel of wastewater treatment were cataloged between “slightly polluted” and “pollued”. Finally, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the hillsides and the channel of wastewater treatment was carried out, both in winter and in summer, which allowed a better understanding of the interrelations between the physicochemical and microbiological variables. The correlations recorded between the parameters indicated contamination by domestic wastewater, especially in the PTAR channel and the hillside 2.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33796
Ingeniería Ambiental
Agua superficial
Impacto ambiental
Calidad de agua
Parámetros
Influencia de las actividades desarrolladas en el campamento Guarumales sobre la calidad del agua superficial
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/235182020-08-03T15:50:46Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Carrillo Alvarado, María Soledad
author
Urgilés Calle, Paola Dennisse
author
2016
The water quality of rivers is affected by a continued deterioration due to the presence of natural and anthropogenic contaminants. The increased levels of these pollutants, has generated the need to quantify and evaluate the quality of these water bodies. Among the multiple uses of water there is one, generating electricity by harnessing the energy that have water bodies in the rivers passing by. The Electricity Corporation of Ecuador CELEC EP - HIDROPAUTE Business Unit, which manages important hydroelectric projects, wants to monitor water quality of the Pindilig and Mazar rivers, main water affluents of the Paute River, so as a leader public company that guaranteesenergy sovereigntyof the country and promotes sustainable development, it can comply with its integrated management policy. The water quality index (WQI) allows to evaluate and report on the water quality water resources. To do this thesis used the model of the National Sanitation Foundation of the United States (WQI-NSF), which consists of 9 parameters: (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrates, phosphates, total dissolved solids and fecal coliforms), which were determined in the monitoring for the two rivers during the period May – November 2015.The obtainedresultsallowed to determinetheactualquality ofthese water bodies, so that the CELEC EP - HIDROPAUTE Company can make decisions in the management of these watersheds.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/23518
Ingenieria Ambiental
Calidad de Agua
Recurso hídrico
Deteminación del índice de calidad de agua ICA-NSF de los ríos Mazar y Pindilig
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/303782019-12-19T17:22:43Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Guachún Villalta, Luis Miguel
author
2018
The present study was conducted in order to assess the technical and economic feasibility of a renewable energy generation scheme applied to a telecommunication system located at the outskirts of the city of Paute where there is no access to the public electrical grid.
Reconnaissance of the site and literature review were conducted to define the most suitable energy source for the system. Solar energy was a promising candidate; therefore, a photovoltaic scheme was dimensioned according to the system requirements. For the design, numerical simulations were done with the help of computational tools: SAM2017 to evaluate the system performance and Simulink to analyse the effect of adding a battery bank to the photovoltaic system. These technical evaluations showed favourable results in terms of energy supply and life span of the batteries.
Furthermore, the project resulted economically feasible as the values obtained for the economic- financial indicators VAN and TIR were 49,394.22 UDS and 11.17% respectively. Additionally, in terms of least cost analysis, the current solution also results more convenient compared to a direct connection to the grid through a cable length of 1050 m.
Results from the social and environmental assessment were also beneficial as the project will not produce major adverse impacts; on the contrary, positive socio-cultural impacts will take place. This fact was evidenced by surveys conducted in the community where most of the people showed a positive attitude towards the use of renewable energy sources for productive activities. Overall, based on the results described above, the project can be considered feasible upon the conditions stablished in the report.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/30378
Estudio de factibilidad
Energía renovable
Sistema fotovoltaíco
Red de suministro
Ingenieria Ambiental
Estudio de factibilidad de un sistema de energía renovable aplicado a un nodo de servicio de telecomunicaciones
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/403322022-11-24T13:30:31Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Alvarado Pacheco, María Belén
author
Mayancela Santander, Erika Fernanda
author
2022-11-21
The present work was carried out in the company GALVÁNICA CIA. LTDA., located in the
city of Cuenca. The objective of the study was to optimize the coagulation-flocculation
process in the treatment of residual water in the capping tank. For which, jar tests were
carried out by applying three different coagulants (aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride and
polyaluminum chloride) in the wastewater, once the pH was adjusted. The concentration of
iron and aluminum in raw water, water with pH adjustment and water treated with the different
coagulants was evaluated. The results obtained after the jar tests indicated that the
coagulant with the highest percentage of removal was aluminum sulfate, showing a removal
of 97.69% and 92.81% of iron and aluminum, respectively. The use of this coagulant is
feasible for the company because its cost makes it economically profitable. For the statistical
analysis, MANOVA was obtained to verify the relationship between the percentages of
removal of metals (iron and aluminum) with respect to the type of coagulant used,
concentration and dose of each coagulant and the pH of the wastewater; Through this
statistical analysis it was also possible to determine that the best coagulant to use is
aluminum sulfate since it gives us better results in iron and aluminum removal. In the
statistical results it was possible to show that there is a direct relationship between the
percentage of metal removal and the type of coagulant, its concentration and the pH of the
water to be used. It will be extended that aluminum sulfate should apply a concentration of
10% for wastewater with a pH of 5.5. In addition, ANOVA was also applied to check if there
is any relationship between the three types of coagulants and the removal of iron and
aluminum. Based on the application of Tukey-HSD, it was possible to determine that there
is no relationship between the coagulants, since each one acts differently in relation to the
established parameters.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40332
Ingeniería Ambiental
Aguas residuales
Eliminación de desechos
Optimización del proceso de coagulación-floculación en el tratamiento de agua residual generada en la cuba de decapado en la empresa Galvánica Cía. LTDA. del cantón Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/314082020-08-03T15:50:47Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Delúquez Moreno, Carlos Santiago
author
2018
Páramo is a high mountain ecosystem that has a key role in the regulation and provision of the hydric resource, apart from assuring its quality. Activities like intensive livestock farming can deteriorate the regulation properties of the soil, and even it could increase the sediment load (Célleri, 2010). This project took place in the adjacent area of Bosque Protector Cubilán, in a study area of 804,96 ha, that includes in its majority grassland paramo that showed signs of livestock activity (Fundación ECOHOMODE, 2006). The economic value of the water provision service was calculated for the study area, with the methodology proposed by Barrantes & Vega (2001), the one that has been applied already in Ecuador by Castro (2011). For that purpose, first the extension of paramo was determined (391,8 ha) by means of the supervised classification of satellite images. Subsequently the water supply was estimated by the isohyetal method, utilizing registers of annual rainfall provided by the INAMHI for the 1981-2010 period; and finally, the cost of opportunity for livestock farming was estimated through a bibliographic revision. The value of water provision service for the study area was 0,052 $/m^3, and it was determined that it offers a good approximation to the real value, considering the one calculated by Castro in 2011 (0,03 $/m^3); however, there could be variations on this value if the cost of opportunity is obtained through surveys and if a more precise method is used to estimate the water supply.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31408
Páramo
Ganadería intensiva
Ingenieria Ambiental
Bosque protector
Hidrología
Valoración económica del servicio ambiental de provisión de agua del páramo andino ubicado en la zona contigua al Bosque Protector Cubilan, provincia del Cañar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/218612020-08-03T15:50:47Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Quito Torres, Nestor Daniel
author
2015
The dependence on water in all daily activities around the world has generated a desire to know how much rain and streamflow can exist in a particular place. In this study occurs a model for forecast rain and streamflow in the basin of Labrado and Chanlud.
It was determined three climatic variables that most influence has with rain of the two basins through a correlation matrix.After having three climatic variables proceed to make two methodologies for predicting rain through an ARIMA model and artificial neural networks (RNAs). In the system ARIMA only was proposed one model with the rainas input variable and in the neural networks was generated 16 models for each zone.The input variables in the RNAs were the three potential predictors and the rain of each basin.The RNAs were selected for the prediction of rain in each basin through statistical parameters such as:mean square error, mean absolute errorandNash-Sutcliffecoefficient.
The predicted rain was used in predicting streamflow.Two methodologies were raised; the first method is the RNAs and the other was a hybrid model that combines the ARIMA method and RNAs. We selected the best model through statistical parameters mentioned above.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21861
Lluvia
Caudales
Ingenieria Ambiental
Variables Climaticas
Prediccion Climatica
Rio Machangara
Canton Cuenca
Predicción de caudales en la cuenca del Machángara
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/213092020-08-03T15:50:48Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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López Ortiz, Tatiana Estefanía
author
Pacheco González, Andrés Israel
author
2015
This study analyzes the correlation between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological factors and their impact on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the urban area of the city of Cuenca, in the years 2010, 2011 and 2012; the meteorological data was provided by the Meteorological Station from Universidad de Cuenca’s Environmental Studies Center (CEA, in Spanish).This data was then compared with the atmospheric pollutants obtained from the Municipality’s Public Institution of Mobility, Traffic and Transport (EMOV-EP, in Spanish) by applying the multivalent linear regression model. The data for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases was obtained from two public hospitals in the city of Cuenca.
The results showed that when temperature increases by 1°C the concentration of PM10 decreases -2,65 µg/m3 and SO2 increases 2,04 µg/m3. Benzene increases the number of clinical cases, such as asthma (36,34%), bronchopneumonia (12,19%), bronchiolitis (16,89%), bronchitis (6,29%), pharyngitis ( 12,41), pneumonia (11,73%) and rhinitis (3,67%), all this due to an increase of benzene in one unit, while NO2 causes an increase of acute respiratory infection (12,07%). Finally, SO2is linked to acute respiratory infection (4,92%) and venous thrombosis (4,81%), which increases the number of clinical cases.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21309
Contaminación atmosférica
Salud
Cantón Cuenca
Factores meteorológicos
Ingenieria Ambiental
Efectos de la contaminación atmosférica en la salud de las personas en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/277572019-12-18T14:16:39Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Condo Carabajo, Alvaro Santiago
author
Juela Palomeque, Mauro Esteban
author
2017
Andean natural ecosystems such as the paramo and high altitude montane forest are the main water supply sources for the Ecuadorian Andean region. These ecosystems maintain surface water flows throughout the year and provide good quality water to the people who make use of this resource in river basins.
The insufficient and incomplete information about the hydrological services of these high-elevation ecosystems limits effective conservation and long-term management efforts.
In this sense, the study is focused on analyzing the hydrological behavior of the Tomebamba and Yanuncay rivers. That is, with a view to better management and management of the water resource and with the objective of promoting conservation. For this purpose, one year of rainfall data at thirteen stations was recorded, from January to December of 2015. In order to analyze hydrological behavior, different hydrological indexes were determined, based on what was proposed by the Regional initiative for the Hydrological Monitoring of Andean Ecosystems - iMHEA.
We also used the WETSPRO model to separate flows. The results of the study allowed to bring about knew knowledge on the availability of water resources in the basins differences and similarities in the hydrological behavior of the rivers, were determined and will be used for future decision making in watershed conservation.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27757
Balance hídrico
Hidrología
Caudal base
Cobertura vegetal
Río Tomebamba
Río Yanuncay
Ingenieria Ambiental
Análisis del comportamiento hidrológico y estado actual del recurso hídrico en las cuencas del río Tomebamba y Yanuncay durante el año 2015
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/397452022-09-14T07:00:30Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Patiño Ullauri, Mateo Roberto
author
Vallejo Chuchuca, Bryan Alexander
author
2022-08-12
The present work was carried out at the Bayas Regional Drinking Water Board (JAAPRB) drinking
water treatment plant, the study was aimed towards at evaluating the dosage of aluminum
polychloride (PAC) on the coagulation-flocculation performance, for which jar tests were conducted
with the use of this coagulant in conjunction with cationic polymer (PC) during the months of August
and September 2021 and February and March 2022, covering a wide range of raw water turbidity.
With the results obtained in the jug tests, the PAC dosage curve was elaborated based on three
analyzed criteria, which corresponded to the analysis of the complete range of turbidity recorded,
range less than 500 NTU and range greater than 500 NTU, and the optimum PC dosage was also
determined. For the evaluation of the coagulation-flocculation process, a mathematical model was
determined to describe the turbidity of the water after the sedimentation process as a function of the
parameters turbidity, pH and temperature of the raw water entering the treatment process, by
applying the response surface methodology (RSM).
The results obtained indicated that the average percentage of turbidity removal of the raw water in
the development of the jug tests was 93.73% in a turbidity range of 6.23 to 6030 NTU. In addition,
it was found that there is an annual economic benefit to the JAAPRB of approximately $872.10
associated with the reduction in the purchase of the PAC chemical for the potabilization of raw water.
Similarly, the dosage curve allows operators to establish the optimal PAC dosage for a specific
turbidity value, which ensures and improves the water purification system, as well as allows
compliance with the requirements established in the INEN 1108 water quality standard.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/39745
Ingeniería Ambiental
Floculación
Sedimentación
Agua potable
Cantón Azogues
Evaluación de la dosificación de policloruro de aluminio sobre el rendimiento de la coagulación – floculación en la planta potabilizadora de la Junta Administradora de Agua Potable Regional Bayas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/284452019-12-19T13:27:53Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Palacios Gárate, Karina Fernanda
author
2017
Population growth, economic activity and competition for water among users are causing a high demand for water resources, coupled with the low availability of water as a result of changes in land use and the climate, make predict shortage periods that will affect humans and the ecosystems health. A number of studies have been carried out on hydrology and water resources with current scenarios in andean basins, however few studies have been carried out with future scenarios and still less analyzing the integral factors of future change that could influence the supply and a water system demand of an andean basin.
For this reason, the importance of this research in the analysis of the sensitivity of changing factors that may be influencing the supply and water demand in future scenarios. Through the construction of scenarios with factors variation: population and demand, climate and land use, the focus of this study was applied in the Machangara river basin located to the south of Ecuador, for which several tools and evaluation models of water resources and statistical techniques for creation to future scenarios. The results obtained show that the crossing between supply and water demand on future presents water surpluses in most scenarios, however there are months like January and August that present deficits in several scenarios. In addition, the combination of scenarios provided a better insight into the importance of each factor in the water balance of the basin's water resources system. These results could be useful for formulating water management and planning measures with the aim of translating them into concrete decision-making actions to safeguard water security for current and future generations.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28445
Ingenieria Ambiental
Recursos hídricos
Cambio climático
Uso del suelo
Demanda del agua
Cuencas andinas
Análisis de sensibilidad de factores que influyen en la oferta y demanda de agua en escenarios futuros. Caso de estudio en una cuenca andina regulada
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/366442021-09-17T13:46:55Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Mendez Heredia, Angel Olmedo
author
Trelles Agurto, Alex Fabricio
author
2021-08-12
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vital importance of sanitation, hygiene and
adequate access to clean water to prevent and contain diseases. The quality of surface water
used for drinking water has been affected by different land uses, such as livestock grazing,
agriculture, and human activity. This deterioration in the quality of raw water has increased
the content of suspended particles and colloidal material, increasing color and turbidity. This
problem has greatly affected communities and Drinking Water Management Boards located
in rural zones and peri-urban areas that do not have adequate technology for efficient
purification. Horizontal Tubular Flocculation (HTF) is presented as an alternative technology
to replace conventional flocculators, allowing high efficiency in the subsequent
sedimentation and filtration processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the
efficiency of a HTF as a potential sustainable technology for the provision of drinking water
in developing communities and to compare it with a conventional flocculator. For this
purpose, the pilot HTF was designed based on the parameters of a conventional horizontal
flow hydraulic flocculator. For the implementation of the HTF, a four-inch diameter PVC
pipe was required, in addition to a high rate settler and a sand filter, thus structuring a pilot
treatment system. The experimental tests were carried out using lengths of 68.4 m and 97.6
m for the HTF, these lengths were combined with flow rates of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 2 l/s, as
well as raw water turbidity of 10, 20, 50, 50, 100 and 200 NTU, giving a total of 50 tests, all
tests were conducted in duplicate from January to December 2020. Turbidity and color were
used as the main parameters to determine the efficiency of the HTF, for which it was
necessary to take water samples in the settling tank and filter of the pilot system and the
conventional system. In addition, hydraulic characteristics such as retention time and velocity
gradient were evaluated. The results determined that the removal efficiency (RE) in the pilot
system with HTF was 98.77 % for turbidity and 99.92 % for color at the filter outlet, while
in the "Bayas" DWTP the RE was 98.78 % for turbidity and 100 % for color. In both systems,
the parameters complied with the standards for drinking water distribution according to
INEN 1108.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/36644
Ingeniería Ambiental
Agua potable
Tratamiento del agua
Floculación tubular horizontal como una tecnología potencial sostenible para la provisión de agua potable en comunidades en desarrollo
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/337862020-08-03T15:50:50Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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González Vásconez, Erika Jacqueline
author
Ulloa Iñaguazo, Diana Carolina
author
2020-01-08
To the south of the canton Biblián (province of Cañar) the activity of cattle fair takes place on Saturdays. This activity generates environmental problems such as: noise, wastewater discharge (in the Burgay river that passes next to the fair place), animal feces, dust, bad odors, solid waste, atmospheric emissions (produced by vehicles who attend the fair) and pathogenic microorganisms. However, there are no studies that have evaluated the degree of contamination and the possible effects on the environment of the place, therefore, in this thesis we have carried out an environmental impact assessment, which allows us to estimate the severity of the damage and also allows us to formulate an environmental management plan. To carry out this evaluation, the Conesa Fernández-Vítora matrix was used and samples were also taken to determine the quality of the water, air and soil that is directly influenced by the fair, in addition, the economic benefits were also analyzed. The results of the evaluation indicated that there were several impacts that were of moderate degree and also some that were of severe degree. Based on these impacts, an environmental management plan was formulated that contributes to the prevention, mitigation and mitigation of damages
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33786
Ingeniería Ambiental
Impacto ambiental
Cantón Biblián
Evaluación del impacto ambiental debido a las actividades de la feria de ganado del cantón Biblián y propuesta de un plan de manejo ambiental
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/271772020-08-03T15:50:51Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Peñafiel Chiriboga, Sonia Lorena
author
2017
The city of Cuenca is experiencing environmental problems associated with the management of waste oils. This has resulted from the constant growth of the industrial and automotive park within the city. An evaluation of waste oil management is currently being carried out and is important in order to consider improvements in this field of waste oil management. This evaluation is the starting point for research work that seeks to promote an environmentally safe disposal of this waste.
The purpose of this study is to characterize waste oil management techniques originating from cars and factories in the city of Cuenca.
The study was carried out in the urban sector of the city. The unit of analysis is generators of waste oil of automotive and industrial origin. The data collection instrument was the survey, and it was applied to a random sample population of the existing oil generators. The questionnaire used was validated prior to its application, therefore it is a tool that can potentially be used in other similar studies in the future. These management methods have been categorized by the collection procedure, storage methods and types of oil collected from the establishments that generate the waste.
The lack of local regulations for the management of waste oil, leads to failures in the treatment and proper disposal of this waste. The results show that the implementation of a system of integrated management of waste oils is necessary to ensure environmental protection in the city.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27177
Ingenieria Ambiental
Aceites usados
Aceites lubricantes
Aceites industriales
Gestión
Automóviles
Hidráulica
Cantón Cuenca
Caracterización del manejo de aceites de desecho de automóviles e hidráulicos de origen industrial en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/219322020-08-03T15:50:51Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Plaza Quintuña, Juan Andrés
author
2015
This thesis project has been developed in order to identify all direct and indirect environmental impacts produced by Cebollar´s Water Treatment Plant providing a qualitative and quantitative assessment of each of the impacts identified to give adequate measures to allow minimization thereof. To accomplish this purpose, an Environmental Impact Study was conducted; the study complies with the Ecuadorian standards and it has the endorsement of the Ministry of Environment as a tool to meet the following objectives.
Chapter I provide an overview of the plant, the identification of areas which the plant exerts some influence and legal support with which account the study.
Chapter II contain information on the baseline, it describes all environmental, social, cultural and economic components that make up the area for the study influence.
In Chapter III, a description of the facilities and infrastructure that makes up the plant and each process is performed in the same and its staff is also described is performed. It also includes all matters relating to the management of the plant production level and at the level of waste generated, it includes an analysis of the way they perform all these actions and compliance with the relevant regulations.
Chapter IV describes the actions that impact besides the affected environmental elements to their respective valuation using the method “Conesa Fernández – Vítora.”
Chapter V, measures to minimize environmental impacts caused by the plant are described.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21932
Impacto ambiental
Planta de tratamiento
Agua potable
Medio ambiente
Estudio de impacto
Protección ambiental
Ingenieria Ambiental
Estudio ambiental expost de la Planta de Tratamiento de Agua Potable del Cebollar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/326512020-08-03T15:50:51Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Pesántez Vallejo, Diana Valeria
author
Romero Añazco, María Augusta
author
2019-05-15
Rainfall erosivity is one of the main factors used to predict soil erosion. This factor depends on the microphysical properties of the rainfall, i.e. the diameter and the velocity of the raindrops. Nowadays, in our study site (city of Cuenca) there is a lack of information about the parameters that affect soil degradation processes and the type of rainfall that causes the greatest hydric erosion in its soils. Hence, our aim is to analyze the influence of the rainfall microphysical properties in the erosivity index. Our data corresponds to the period February 2017 - February 2018, measured with a Thies laser disdrometer and a Micro Rain Radar, both located at University of Cuenca's Balzay campus. Within this time period, five erosive events were found, for which the erosivity index (EI) was determined. The results showed that the microphysical properties of the rainfall have a direct influence in the EI index. Furthermore, raindrops with larger diameter and faster velocity had the greatest impact in the EI index. Finally, the analysis of the vertical profile showed that the behavior of the microphysical properties of the rainfall is different in each erosion event.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/32651
Ingenieria Ambiental
Indice de erosidad
Lluvia
Radar
Disdrómetro
Propiedades microfísicas
Análisis de la influencia de las propiedades microfísicas de la lluvia en el índice de erosividad para eventos de precipitación en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/213042020-08-03T15:50:52Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Cusco Tenesaca, Jorge Willan
author
Picón Aguirre, Kristoffer Efraín
author
2015
This study uses GIS tools use GIS tools to optimize routes for collection of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in the canton Cuenca, the company responsible for the collection is the EMAC EP. The proposed methodology is based on technical recommendations, GIS tools, information from the existing fleet, the analysis of road networks in the city for the generation of optimized routes.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21304
Residuos sólidos
Desechos sólidos
Herramienta Sig
Ingenieria Ambiental
Optimización de rutas de recolección de desechos sólidos domiciliarios mediante uso de herramientas SIG
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/304832020-08-03T15:50:52Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Gordillo Vanegas, Claudio Alejandro
author
Pacheco Chica, Melisa Lusia
author
2018
The present study was realized with the purpose of developing a management plan for the integral management of the solid waste generated in the food distribution centers of the University of Cuenca, by determining the physical characteristics (apparent weights, quantity and composition) and its total daily generation in kilograms.
For the preparation of this study, we initially proceeded to the collection of information on the current situation of each establishment, which was made through self-observation and interviews.
In order to obtain the data of the physical characterization, the waste was collected from each establishment during 5 days, followed by the manual separation, weighing and weight-volume analysis of the same.
The set of results obtained revealed that in the centers of sale of food of the University there is greater generation of organic matter with 79.3%, followed by plastic with 9.84% and others with 6.83%. The specific weights turned out to be variable, on average, the highest specific weight corresponds to the category of organics matter with a value of 481.72 kg/m3 and the lowest belongs to the category of plastics with a value of 40.24 kg/m3.
Based on the obtained results and the recommendations of the owners of the establishments, a management plan was proposed for the integral management of solid waste, in which it is intended to promote separation at the source, generate environmental awareness and reduce the amount of waste destined to the sanitary landfill.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/30483
Residuos sólidos
Caracterización física
Pesos específicos
Plan de manejo
Gestión integral
Ingenieria Ambiental
Propuesta de un plan de manejo para la gestión integral de los residuos sólidos generados en los centros de expendio de comida de la Universidad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/394712022-07-27T07:00:35Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Ortiz Galarza, Pablo Mateo
author
Saavedra Bernal, Erick Mateo
author
2022-07-25
During the last decades, the textile industry is growing and represents an important
economic sector worldwide, this is due to the high demand for its products. In it, a
large number and variety of dyes and supplies are used that are severely harmful to
humans and the environment. With this background, this study is important because
the effluents of the production processes of the screen printing industry have not
been analyzed in depth. In this investigation, the effluent from the textile painting and
dyeing process of a company in the city of Cuenca was characterized, it was
selected as the process of greatest environmental relevance, according to the
volume of effluent discharge and the nature of the materials. premiums used,
through the qualitative and quantitative assessment of each unit operation. The
dyeing threads, according to the printing surface, are classified into synthetic leather,
synthetic fibers and textiles, and were evaluated in the Environmental Impact Matrix.
The synthetic leather dyeing subject of study was selected, as it was considered
most relevant; This effluent was analyzed for its physicochemical properties such as
pH, Temperature, Total Nitrogen, Sulfates, Total Phosphorus, Hexavalent Chromium,
Copper, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Fats and oils, in
triplicate, the results were compared with the regulations established in Annex I of
the TULSMA, where it was determined that they comply with permissible limits.
Finally, the ecotoxicity produced by these discharges was evaluated by means of a
test with the bioindicator Daphnia magna through chronic and acute tests lasting 21
days and 48 hours, respectively; For this, sample solutions were used, a negative
control with distilled water and a positive control with the toxic reference potassium
dichromate. After the counts, it was observed that, at higher concentrations of the
effluent, there were alterations in the survival and reproduction of the species.
Through statistical analysis in the IBM - SPSS STATISTICS 25 program, a mean
lethal concentration CL50 of 68.12 % v/v was obtained; and the lowest concentration
at which effects are observed was established at the value of 12.5 % v/v; and 6.25 %
v/v as the concentration at which no observable effects are present
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/39471
Ingeniería Ambiental
Tintes industriales
Industria textil
Impacto ambiental
Evaluación del uso de bioindicadores, Daphnia magna, en la determinación de la toxicidad de efluentes provenientes de una industria serigráfica textil, ubicada en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/341012020-03-05T20:10:23Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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González Chillogalli, Hernán Andrés
author
2020-03-05
The insufficient spatial information about the precipitation of the Paute river basin, the shortage of continuous precipitation in a series of time during some available weather seasons in the basin and the existence of limited databases on a temporary level and space of some institutions, are conditions that do not allow further or deeper study. For this reason, this study is proposed, with the objective of comparing precipitation using satellite products and data series provided by INAMHI, from April of 2014 until December of 2015. At present, the most recent satellite has a mission for the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) to replace the TRMM satellite service (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission). The analysis was performed by calculating qualitative and quantitative indicators for comparison of daily and monthly data. Also, the SPI 1 and SPI 3. In this investigation, the satellite products overestimate and underestimate the precipitation with respect to rainfall stations, whereas, the satellite precipitation products have a minimal variation. The results show us that the TRMM mission better detects the daily scale precipitation, meanwhile, the GPM mission stands out on a monthly scale. It was also identified that the height of the basin study stations is not one of the variables that influences the uptake of the precipitation. In addition, as it was observed on the SPI 1 and SPI 3 maps, GPM presents a more detailed classification of the index.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34101
Ingeniería Ambiental
Hidrometeorología
Precipitación
Comparación entre imágenes satelitales GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) y TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) para la caracterización de la lluvia en la cuenca del río Paute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/315472020-08-03T15:50:55Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Sanmartín Blacio, Jorge Arturo
author
2018
Banana production is vital for the country's economy, however, this productive activity has negative consequences for the environment, specifically during the fruit packing process. In this process, a large amount of water is used, as well as chemicals are added in order give treatment to the fruit. Then the effluents are poured without any previous treatment into water. The aim of this study is to design a system that allows the treatment and recirculation of the effluent generated for the banana washing pools in the packing house of "El Progreso" farm, located in El Guabo, using the water treatment guide proposed by the Pan American Health Organization (2005). Firstly, the packer plant was visited to recognize the water catchment system and the final disposal of the effluent. As well, the effluent flow was calculated using the volumetric method. After, a physical and chemical analysis was carried out for the affluent as well as the effluent. Through the calculation of the effluent flow (2 l/s), it was determined that 0.115 m3 of water are used per box of packed banana produced. The results of the physical-chemical analysis exceeded the maximum permissible limit of the oils and fats parameter of 0.3 mg/l, with values of 11.2 mg/l of the effluent, and 24.8 mg/l of the affluent. Finally, a thick dynamic filtration system was designed in order to reduce the pollutant load of the effluent
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31547
Filtración
Empacadora de banano
Afluente
Recirculación
Efluente
Ingenieria Ambiental
Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento y recirculación para el efluente proveniente de la empacadora de banano de la finca “El Progreso” ubicada en el cantón El Guabo, provincia de El Oro
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/317832019-12-23T13:33:49Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Sucozhañay Idrovo, Gabriela Carolina
author
Vidal Vidal, Iván Eduardo
author
2019-01-11
Discarded cell phones were used in this study in order to perform a first approximation of WEEE situation in canton Cuenca and Ecuador. For this purpose, an analysis of the average composition and the environmental and economic dimensions of a cell phone was carried out. Subsequently, using a normal distribution, the generation of waste was estimated and, through a Material Flow Analysis (MFA), their disposal channels were established. Furthermore, using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) an ideal recycling scenario was determined and, finally, different prediction models, used in Latino American realities, were compared applying them to the Ecuadorian context.
From the obtained results, it was determined that an average of 2180470 units of cell phone are discarded every year in Ecuador, of which about 78709 belong to canton Cuenca. Of the total amount of waste, less than 7% are collected through formal channels, 10% are repaired or donated to a third party and around 83% are stored in households. The most important elements in this waste are gold and palladium, due to its economic and environmental value. Furthermore, the ideal scenario for recycling of cell phones results of combining a manual pre-processing in Ecuador with an end-processing for PCBs in industrialized countries. Finally, it was determined that it is appropriate to distribute the generation of waste over the time, considering that the amount of waste generated in a specific year is influenced by the contribution of previous years.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31783
Ingeniería Ambiental
Residuos electrónicos
Aparatos electrónicos
Telefonos celulares
Ciclo de vida
Predicción
Análisis del flujo de materiales y evaluación del impacto ambiental de los residuos de aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos. Caso de estudio: teléfonos celulares en el cantón Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/356252021-02-17T07:00:29Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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De Mera Rodríguez, Samuel Eli
author
Jerves Ramírez, Mateo Josué
author
2020-02-12
The Páramo ecosystem has high importance for High-Andean communities, because its
capacity of storage water, capacity attributed in part to the high content of carbon in the
soils. This property could be altered by changes in the soils characteristics,
hydrometeorology and landscape variables. Despite the above, there is low information
about the carbon dynamics in this ecosystem. For this reason, in this study we analyze
the influence of hydrometeorological Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) concentration
controls on the soil and stream water in an Andean Páramo catchment. For this purpose,
a temporal, correlation and discriminant analysis by flow conditions and a dispersion type
analysis between the measured hydrometeorological parameters and the concentration
of DOC in the soil and flow water was carried out. The study catchment (Zhurucay river
catchment) is located in southern Ecuador, 85 km southwest of the city of Cuenca, where
the Zhurucay Ecohydrological Observatory has been established. This catchment has
an area of 3.28 Km2 with an altitude range between 3656 and 3917 m a.s.l. and a
relatively uniform precipitation distribution throughout the year with a rainfall volume of
around 1200 mm per year. It was observed that the DOC concentration had a variation
related to the precipitation for stream water, while in soil water no variability linked to
precipitation was observed. However, when the effect of the hydrometeorological
variables was analyzed, it was found that precipitation, evapotranspiration and
streamflow were the variables with the greatest influence on DOC dynamics for all the
studied compartments. In conclusion, the greatest controller of DOC concentration in the
Páramo ecosystem is precipitation, which is closely related to streamflow. Both variables
can be significantly influenced by climate change and land use changes, so the COD
concentration can be an initial indicator of these changes.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/35625
Ingeniería Ambiental
Agua
Carbono orgánico
Ecosistema
Efectos de los controladores hidrometeorológicos en la concentración del carbono orgánico disuelto (COD) en el agua de suelo y río de una cuenca de páramo andino
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/257152020-08-03T15:50:56Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Cobos Cobos, Fabiola Estefanía
author
2016
Unused or outdated medicines can cause negative effects on public health and the environment. For instance, if they are stored in the household, they are available for self-medication, and if they are disposed within the regular waste, they could contaminate water sources. Therefore, the aim of this research is to design a program of recollection of unused or outdated medicines from the homes of the urban region of Cuenca-Ecuador.
First, an academic review of seven programs of recollection that are currently working in different countries and their details are in the public domain was conducted. Then, a survey of twenty-one questions (11, “levels of acceptance”; 10, “preferences”) was designed and applied to a sample of (n=358) individuals selected by purposive sampling in the Gil Ramírez Dávalos area. Lastly, medicines collected via a pilot study of four weeks in the ETAPA-EP multiservice center of Tarqui were characterized.
The results of the survey show that 95,3% of the individuals are willing to participate in a recollection program. The reviewed information about the programs and about the preferences was used to design the pilot study which gathered 2481 g of pharmaceutical waste. Among this waste, 85 different drugs were found and 27 have ecotoxicological effects registered on Wikipharma.
The results show the need and the importance of the management of pharmaceutical waste generated in the households. Finally, the optimal characteristics for a program of this sort that will encourage the proper treatment of this type of waste are described.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25715
Medicamentos caducados
Cantón Cuenca
Gestión de desechos
Contaminación
Programa de recolección
Zona urbana
Diseño de un programa de recolección de medicamentos no utilizados y caducados de los hogares en la zona urbana de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/293612020-08-03T15:50:56Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Méndez Abril, Ismael Marcelo
author
Valdiviezo Luna, Kelly Jazmín
author
2018
In the city of Azogues, in the province of Cañar, the Company called Junta de Agua de la Parroquia Aurelio Bayas is the entity in charge of the supply and management of water in its parish. However, the lack of plans of distribution networks makes difficult the actions of operation, maintenance and diagnostic of physical water losses. The Geographic Information Systems are tools that contribute to the management of information and decision making in development and territorial ordering plans. For this reason, this study located geographically both the pipe system and the accessories of the drinking water network of the Junta de Agua de la parroquia Aurelio Bayas. Based on data collected in situ by means of a differential GPS and complemented with the alphanumeric and geographic information collected, thematic maps were elaborated and attributes tables were attached in the ArcGIS software, where the characteristics and location of each element were represented, including the sectorization of the network, location of distribution tanks, treatment plant, Finally, it was concluded with the cadastre of 3 distribution tanks, 8 sectors of service provision, 27081 meters of pipes, 53 valves, 7 pressure reducing stations, 12 deaerators, 5 hydrants, 18 reducers, 1 cross, 78 tees, 35 elbows and 54 covers with their respective technical characteristics. This study recommends keeping this cadastre up to date in order to support drinking water management and provide accurate and current information for future studies that improve the quality of the service.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29361
Catastro
Red de agua potable
Cantón Azogues
Ingenieria Ambiental
Elaboración del catastro de la red de agua potable en la parroquia Aurelio Bayas de la ciudad de Azogues
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/334772020-08-03T15:50:57Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Crespo Mora, Dania Fabiola
author
López Encalada, Thalía Tatiana
author
2019-10-03
This research aims to represent the hydrological behavior of the Tomebamba River Subbasin
through the evaluation of rain-runoff generation processes in two monitoring points:
The Surucucho hydrological station and The Matadero hydrological station.
In order to evaluate the behavior within the study area, two hydrological models were
established: HEC-HMS and HBV-light according with bibliographical data. The results based
on the KGE goodness index showed that in the calibration stage were insufficient for
Surucucho and satisfactory for Matadero for both models. Based on these results, it was
determined that HBV-light has a better overall performance because KGE values were
higher than those obtained in HEC-HMS. Likewise, for the validation stage, HBV-light has
higher values of KGE than HEC-HMS in both monitoring points. By incorporating different
land uses into the modeling, it was found that HEC-HMS considers the variation in land use
contrary to HBV- light where this factor is not important.
Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that lag time and curve number are the most sensitive
parameters in HEC-HMS, while the most influential parameters in the simulation in HBVlight
are the soil moisture value above which AET reaches PET, and the parameter that
determines the relative contribution to runoff from rain.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33477
Ingeniería Ambiental
Modelación hidrológica
Criterios de eficiencia
Río Tomebamba
HEC-HMS
HBV-LIGHT
Evaluación de los modelos hidrológicos HEC-HMS Y HBV-light en la Subcuenca del Río Tomebamba
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424852023-07-25T13:36:44Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Pachar Sagbay, Fabián Patricio
author
Maldonado Ortiz, Andrés Sebastián
author
2023-07-24
In the present work, a comparative study was carried out between a digital elevation model
generated through LiDAR and Sentinel-1 models, obtained through interferometry applying
different resampling methods, corresponding to the year 2021. The study area corresponds to
the urban area of the Canton Santa Isabel belonging to the province of Azuay. The study was
based on determining the differences between the data obtained through the Sentinel-1 active
model and the LiDAR model with the RTK reference points, to determine the feasibility of these
models according to their costs. To obtain the satellite images, the Alaska Satellite Facility
platform was used, these images had a perpendicular base of 27 m and a temporal period of 12
days, for their processing the InSAR technique was used with the use of SNAP software and
geographic information systems. Of the models compared, the DEM corresponding to LiDAR
presented a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.15 m, while, of the models obtained with
interferometry, the DEM with the lowest RMSE value corresponds to the one generated by
bicubic resampling, this being 40.01 m and the highest RMSE value being the model belonging
to the nearest neighbor resampling with an error of 511 m. According to the results obtained, it
was determined that the use of LiDAR for studies or projects that require an elevation model
with greater precision is more feasible. This is because the models obtained by interferometry
differ significantly from the RTK reference values.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42485
Ingeniería Ambiental
Cantón Santa Isabel
Imágenes satelitales
Interferometría
Comparación entre modelos digitales de elevación obtenidos de Sentinel-1 y modelo obtenido con LiDAR mediante puntos de control RTK (real time kinematics) en el área urbana del cantón Santa Isabel
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/386502022-03-23T07:00:28Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Padrón Crespo, César Israel
author
Cabrera Carrión, Carlos Xavier
author
2022-03-21
Air pollution is an environmental problem caused by gases emitted mainly by anthropogenic
activities. The exposure of people to these pollutants mainly affects the respiratory and
circulatory systems. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies on the conservation and
concentration of pollutants to predict their behavior and take future actions.
The present study statistically analyzes the quality of the data of atmospheric pollutants CO,
SO2, NO2, O3 and CH2O measured by the Sentinel 5P satellite (TROPOMI Sensor) with
respect to those equipped by the predecessor sensors (MERRA-2, OMI and AIRS). ) in the
Republic of Ecuador from January 2019 to December 2020. The methodology performs a
resampling or modification of the pixel size, matching the spatial resolution of the different
ones for subsequent statistical analysis. It was obtained as a positive R2 coefficient value for
O3 for AIRS and MERRA-2. For the other pollutants analyzed, determination coefficients
were acquired that do not represent a correlation between the satellite products and Sentinel
5P.
For a better analysis, data from ground stations located in the cities of Cuenca and Quito were
used, thus determining a positive relationship for all the pollutants treated with the different
satellite products, that is, the data obtained on the ground have an incidence with what is
obtained in the satellite images. Subsequently, time series graphs were made to identify
outliers, sudden changes, seasonal patterns, trends, etc. In addition, a resampling of a
different pixel size was carried out to contrast it with the one carried out in principle, and it
was determined that Sentinel 5P better explains the concentrations of the other satellite
products.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/38650
Ingeniería Ambiental
Calidad ambiental
Aire
Análisis de comparación de datos de contaminantes atmosféricos: CO, SO2, NO2, O3, CH2O entre Sentinel 5P y productos satelitales de OMI, MERRA-2 y AIRS en Ecuador
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/254842020-08-03T15:50:57Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Abad Crespo, Lorena Cristina
author
2016
The city of Cuenca presents high atmospheric pollution values due to a series of factors such as traffic, industrial activity, and urban expansion. Among the main pollutants for the city, particulate matter affects the citizen’s health and fauna and flora development due to their atmospheric interaction and permanence. This research study identifies an empirical equation to estimate particulate matter lessthan 10 micrometers in diameter (PM10) concentrations through correlations between in situ measurements of this pollutant with values derived from Cuenca’s urban area Landsat 8 satellite imagery. A multiple linear regression model is generated applying top of the atmosphere reflectance (TOA) and digital numbers (DN), which gives a multiple determination coefficient R2 of 0.55 and a p-value of 0.002, acceptable values according to literature. A PM10 distribution map is produced that allows the estimation of the pollutant’s concentration in places where the monitoring network has no coverage. To conclude, unlike the revised literature, the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) doesn’t present significant results for Cuenca, therefore working with TOA values. In addition, including thermal bands in the models improves substantially the correlation coefficient. However, there are certain locations where estimated PM10 values overpasses the average range, for which an in situ validation is suggested in the spots in question.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25484
Ingenieria Ambiental
Contaminación urbana
Calidad del aire
Sensores remotos
Regresión lineal múltiple
Material particulado
Estimación de la concentración de material particulado menor a 10 micras a través de sensores remotos en el área urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/330742020-08-03T15:50:58Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Flores Maza, Washington Andrés
author
Galán Montero, Luciano Agustín
author
2019-07-23
Machangara River sub-basin is of vital importance for current and future development of Cuenca population due to its water supply capacity for hydroelectric generation, consumption (Tixan drinking water treatment plant), and as a source of agricultural irrigation. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the vulnerability that users of the sub-basin will present in the face of possible extreme events due to climate change. The aim of this study was to determine vulnerability indexes for each of the users present in the sub-basin within the RCP 45 and 85 scenarios. In order to obtain such indexes, it was necessary the future projection of variables such as precipitation, temperature, humidity and wind; which were obtained from large-scale climatological models. Thus, seeing the need to apply a statistical downscaling, the final results were used as input data for the hydrological model; which generated the supply and future demand. From the result of this model, synthetic series were generated. It allowed to obtain 100 possible future scenarios where supply and demand were crossed. Final results obtained indicated that in most scenarios for each user, the vulnerability varies between low and very low. However, the vulnerability increases for the months of July, August and September. These results can help users of the sub-basin to make decisions, allowing them to adapt to possible future problems caused by climate change.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33074
Ingenieria Ambiental
Vulnerabilidad
Cambio climático
Modelo climático
Estadística
Abastecimiento
Río Machángara
Desarrollo de índices de vulnerabilidad de los usuarios del agua de la subcuenca del río Machángara, afectados por el cambio climático
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/287052020-08-03T15:50:59Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Arévalo Coello, Erika Tatiana
author
Palacios Ortiz, Mishel Andrea
author
2017
Droughts are a climatological phenomenon that have an impact on the environmental and socioeconomic development of a region. Currently, the Ecuadorian national government promotes reforestation programs; however, if a drought event takes place during the first stages of the programs the whole process could fail. For this reason, it is important to do research on drought forecasting as to be able to plan and manage a well-suited reforestation program. The aim of this study is to develop a drought forecasting model for reforestation projects with species Cedrela montana and Oreocallis grandiflora. The study area was Llaviuco and Mazán forests at the El Cajas National Park. The model was developed using Markov chains. For this, rainfall data from the Piscícola Chirimachay and Sayausí Matadero pluviographic stations were used. At the same time, it was analyzed the resistance of the species exposed to four drought intensities: normal, moderate, severe and extreme. Subsequently, an early warning system based on both the drought forecast and the response of the species for decision-making in restoration projects was designed. The results showed that: i) based on the drought forecast matrix, when an extreme event occurs, the event remains throughout the whole process ii) in an extreme event, there is a belated germination process and a fewer number of germinated species, iii) for the two studied species, the traffic lights show that less than 50% of the seeds germinate in conditions of extreme drought. This study could be useful for institutions in charge of restoration and environmental management programs.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28705
Ingenieria Ambiental
Sequía
Especies nativas
Reforestación
Cuencas
Río Paute
Desarrollo de un modelo de pronóstico de sequías para proyectos de reforestación con especies forestales cedro y gañal - aplicación para la zona de Llaviuco y Mazán, parte alta de la cuenca del río Paute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424712023-07-25T20:35:15Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Guillermo Paida, Priscila Alejandra
author
Rodas Cabrera, Susana Marlene
author
2023-07-21
The analysis of hydrological and hydraulic parameters of rivers is essential to identify the areas
most vulnerable to flooding. The sub-basin of the Tomebamba River, located in the province of
Azuay in southern Ecuador, has experienced several floods over time. The floods in the subbasin
have caused serious economic losses in the lower part, flooding areas such as Puertas del Sol, Jefferson
Perez Coliseum, Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, among others.
For this reason, it is necessary to analyze the influence of this type of parameters, as well as the
influence of the DEM and DTM, in order to identify areas sensitive to flooding in the sub-basin of the Tomebamba
River.
The area analyzed includes the lower part of the sub-basin (Los Cedros Street to Unidad Nacional Avenue).
The methodology focused on hydrological and hydraulic modeling using HECHMS and HEC-RAS software,
respectively, for return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 years.
The hydraulic modeling results showed that Manning's Number is the most influential parameter with a value
of 0.035 and significantly affects the channel flow dynamics.
In addition, the spatial resolution was found to have a significant influence on the flood stain by overestimating
the flood stain in the initial part of the study reach. Finally, it was determined that the Jefferson Perez
Coliseum area is the area most prone to flooding, as it overestimates the flood stain in the initial
part of the study reach.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42471
Ingeniería Ambiental
Hidrología
Río Tomebamba
Cantón Cuenca
Influencia de la morfología, parámetros hidráulicos e hidrológicos para la determinación de áreas de inundación en la subcuenca del río Tomebamba. Tramo: Calle Los Cedros-Avenida Unidad Nacional
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424652023-09-28T16:15:48Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Abad Merchán, Pamela Nicole
author
Ramírez Ramírez, Darleny Samanta
author
2023-07-19
This work presents the evaluation of ambient air quality in four educational institutions:
"Nicolas Sojos," "Abelardo Tamariz," "Panamá" and "Luis Cordero" in the canton of Cuenca
in the context of tactical urbanism interventions. For this purpose, the concentrations of
sedimentable particles, sound pressure levels, and concentrations of metals such as Al, Mn,
Zn, Fe, Co, and Cr in transplanted bryophytes of the genus Bryum. The monitoring of
sedimentable particles was carried out in three stages, exceeding the standard (> 0,50
mg/cm2*30 days) in the Luis Cordero and Abelardo Tamariz schools in stage 1, and the
Panama, Luis Cordero, and Abelardo Tamariz schools in stage 2. In stage 3, only the Abelardo
Tamariz school exceeded the national standard (> 1,00 mg/cm2*30 days). The sound
pressure levels recorded varied between 56 - 86 dB(A) and were higher than national, and
local regulations. After the interventions, there were no significant differences with the levels
initially recorded. Regarding the concentrations of metals in the mosses, the highest
concentration was for Al (1 475,50 mg/kg) and the lowest for Co (0,15 mg/kg). In addition, the
Abelardo Tamariz school had the highest concentration of metals, and Zn was most related to
road traffic (r = 0,98). The conclusions state that the schools present contamination by
settleable material and exceeded sound pressure levels, and the results did not vary
significantly by the tactical urban planning interventions.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42465
Ingeniería Ambiental
Calidad ambiental
Biomonitorización
Monitoreo de la calidad del aire ambiente en los accesos a cuatros escuelas del casco urbano del cantón Cuenca referente a intervenciones de urbanismo táctico
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/292942020-08-03T15:50:59Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Freire Moncayo, Paola Salomé
author
2018
The present titration work is part of the research project developed by the Center for Environmental Studies (CEA) of the University of Cuenca, Evaluation of emerging pollutants present in wastewater from the Ucubamba treatment plant and removal by biosorption techniques and phytoremediation, in which the removal of paracetamol was studied, using bagasse from sugarcane and cocoa husk as biosorbents.
In the first place, the physical and chemical characterization of both biomasses was carried out, followed by the adsorption study, in which some parameters that have influence on the process were optimized, such as: biosorbent dose, pH, solute concentration, contact times and temperature.
The results of the characterization tests showed that the biomasses are acidic and the FT-IR tests showed that the functional groups with oxygen are present in both biomasses, which added to the hydrophilic nature of the paracetamol, make the biosorbents adsorb to water, better than to the drug.
Finally, the equilibrium isotherms obtained are similar to type III of the IUPAC classification, which indicates an unfavorable process for the adsorption of the solute, which is why the adsorption isotherms of both biomasses did not conform to the Langmuir models and Freundlich, the experimental data were adjusted to the Dubinin-Radushkevich model, which describes effective adsorption processes at high concentrations of solute.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29294
Adsorción
Paracetamol
Cáscara de cacao
Bagazo de caña de azúcar
Ingenieria Ambiental
Remoción de paracetamol por biosorción en tanque agitado usando cáscara de cacao y bagazo de caña de azúcar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/310472020-08-03T15:51:00Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Gavilanes Capelo, Raisa Michelle
author
2018
The main goal of the present project is to design a cleaner production program in order to be implemented inside the production plant of the company Pastelería Marcelito, which is a business dedicated to the elaboration of vanilla and chocolate cakes and rolled sponged cakes. Marcelito’s brand is well known in the local area, the city of Cuenca.
For the development of this titling work, it was used the methodology designed by the Sustainable Technologies Promotion Center (CPTS), this one stablished a series of five phases which start by making the diagnosis of the current situation. The diagnosis gathered all the information of the plant through direct observation and interviews with the manager and workers of the factory, then, an analysis of the consumption of resources (energy, raw materials and water) used in the production process including the quality of the effluents has to be done. The second phase covered a detailed study of the unit operations of the manufacturing process for the different types of cakes and the respective mass and energy balances for each operation. In the third phase, the inefficiencies of the process were determined in order to propose cleaner production measures to amend each one of them, and then these options were evaluated technically, environmentally and economically. Once their feasibility was determined, nine of them were selected to be applied into the plant to improve the status of the company by getting economic and environmental benefits.
At the end of this degree work, the conclusions and recommendations for the continuity of the program in the company are detailed.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31047
Limpieza
Operación unitaria
Materia prima
Empresa pastelera
Ingenieria Ambiental
Diseño e implementación de un programa de producción más limpia para la Empresa Pastelería Marcelito
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/404732022-12-14T13:45:56Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Ruilova Peralta, Karla Dayanna
author
2022-12-13
Today, the management of end-of-life tires (ELTs) represents one of the most important global
issues due to its potential environmental and health impacts. It is estimated that between 1.3
and 1.5 billion tons (Mt) of this waste is generated annually worldwide. The growth of the
vehicle fleet due to the dependence that human beings have developed on the use of vehicles
as the main means of transportation and the inefficient management of tires when they reach
the end of their useful life, generate concern and aggravate this situation even more. In the
national context, about 30 formal organizations have been recognized that are responsible for
the proper management of the approximately 2,4 million NFU discarded annually. However,
information about industrial and artisanal recycling of NFU at the national and local levels is
limited, which has hindered its development. Such is the case of the Rubber Artisans of
Narancay, a group of people located in the city of Cuenca who for three generations have
been using the rubber of the NFU to make different products. Although their activities are
recognized locally and nationally, there are no known previous studies that have analyzed the
utilization practices carried out by this group from an environmental perspective. Within the
framework of the above, the present work seeks to know the recycling patterns of the
Narancay Artisans through the application of a research instrument and the Material Flow
Analysis (MFA) in order to subsequently, from an environmental approach, identify strategies
that contribute to an adequate management of rubber waste for a more efficient utilization. It
was estimated that during the period July 2021 to June 2022 the Artisans received 2790,32 t,
which were distributed in three channels: artisanal processing, export and delivery to EMAC,
in percentages of 93,76 %, 5,95 %, and 0,29 %, respectively. The artisanal processing flow
was the most significant with an input of 2583,58 t, 45,18 % of which was used for the
production of shredded rubber, 42,10 % for vehicle spare parts, 9,52 % for drinking fountains,
3,02 % for strips, 0,14 % for flowerpots and 0,03 % for furniture. Finally, based on the results
of the MFA, the flows and activities that generate environmental impacts were identified, on
which the identification of strategies for the improvement of the environmental performance of
the Rubber Artisans of Narancay was based. These alternatives were evaluated by a team of
experts in the area of ELF management and treatment, which provided an overview of their
suitability, feasibility and acceptability.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40473
Ingeniería Ambiental
Artesanos
Medio ambiente
Identificación de estrategias para mejorar el desempeño ambiental en el aprovechamiento de residuos de caucho de los artesanos de Narancay
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/361302021-05-12T07:00:28Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Reinoso Villa, Nelson Gabriel
author
Tello Pacurucu, Karen Viviana
author
2021-05-06
The civil construction activity has generated the emission of various pollutants into the atmosphere, especially in the areas where the factories that manufacture the materials used in this activity (blocks, bricks, paving stones, among others) are located. The objective of this research is to evaluate the ambient air quality of six artisanal block factories located in the urban area of Cuenca’s canton, by determining the sound pressure level and the concentrations of particulate matter (PTS, PM10 and PM2,5). For the study of sedimentable particulate matter, the gravimetric method was used by collecting particles in open containers; for the analysis of PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations, the Partisol 2000i low-flow equipment was used; finally, a CENTER 390 Data Logger sound level meter was used to determine sound pressure levels. Using SPSS software, the PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations obtained were related to variables such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed and atmospheric pressure; maps of sedimentable particulate matter, PM10, PM2,5 and noise concentrations were elaborated using Arcgis 10.5 software. Finally, surveys were administered to blockhouse workers to determine possible conditions associated with the results of the pollutant concentrations and sound pressure levels registered in the study. The monitoring was carried out during the months of November and December 2020. For noise monitoring, the sampling time was 1 hour. The monitoring time for PM10 and PM2,5 was 4h for each parameter. According to the results obtained, the concentrations of PTS, PM10, PM2,5 and noise levels, in most monitoring points, exceeded the maximum permissible limits of their respective regulations; it was observed that PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations are independent of meteorological variables. Finally, the analysis of the surveys shows a relationship between the symptoms reported by the workers and the concentrations of the pollutants recorded.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/36130
Ingeniería Ambiental
Calidad del aire
Material particulado
Fabricas de bloques
Sedimentos
Determinación de los niveles de presión sonora y material particulado (PM10, PM2,5 y sedimentable) en el aire ambiente de bloqueras artesanales presentes en el área urbana del cantón Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/217252020-08-03T15:51:00Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Contreras Silva, Juan José
author
2015
The accurateestimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an essential requirement in hydrological, ecohydrological and biometeorological studies. Despite this importance, the ETo has been scarcely studied in the paramo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 4 models of ETo (FAO 56 PM, Hargreaves, Priestley-Taylor and Valiantzas) in a Andean mountain gradient, for this: (I) ETo was estimated using different models in the gradient, (II) ETo estimates for different models were compared in the gradient against the reference model of the FAO 56 P-M, (III) the impact of the estimates of the 4 models was analyzed by a sensitivity analysis. The study was conducted with meteorological data sampled between August 2013 and July 2014, in 3 meteorological stations in the Quinuas micro-river basin (Cajas National Park, Azuay).The results show that ETo has a similar pattern in the study places throughout the year, the maximum value was recorded in November and the minimum value in June. The best daily ETo estimates were obtained using the Valiantzas method and the best monthly estimates using the Priestley-Taylor when compared to the FAO 56 P-M model. The sensitivity analysis showed that ETo is most sensitive in the paramo to relative humidity and solar radiation, followed by temperature and less to wind speed. The sensitivity to the ETo to the meteorological parameters differs in each model.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21725
Evapotranspiración
Ingenieria Ambiental
Valiantzas
Sensibilidad
Páramo
Gradiente
Microcuenca
Rio Quinuas
Análisis comparativo de cuatro modelos de evapotranspiración de referencia en la microcuenca del río Quinuas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/406342023-01-10T13:22:05Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Ortiz Morocho, Dayana Mishel
author
Montesdeoca Jara, Bryam Adrián
author
2023-01-06
Air pollution has become one of the main environmental problems worldwide due to its
effects on both the environment and health in general. Both national and international
governments have implemented efforts to measure and control air pollutant emissions from
anthropogenic sources by installing atmospheric monitoring networks. However, not all
cities and countries have these monitoring tools. For this reason, the use of satellite images
has been gaining strength in recent years as it allows us to obtain satellite information from
areas that do not have terrestrial monitoring and to be able to use this data for control,
prevention and research purposes. Through this information we can perform analysis and
modeling of emissions and behavior of atmospheric pollutants.
Due to the need to be able to prevent society and take preventive measures regarding the
emissions of atmospheric pollutants, the scientific community in recent years has proposed
different mathematical models and unsupervised learning models that allow predicting the
emissions of atmospheric pollutants. For them it is necessary to take into account the
external variables that affect the behavior of pollutants depending on the study area, since
the geographical location, topography, and meteorological conditions directly or indirectly
influence this behavior, for this reason researchers generally design models for specific
regions. There is no method to establish which meteorological variables should be used in
the prediction of pollutants, the background to be used are the previous studies carried out,
observing the results obtained to know the influences of these variables on the behavior of
pollutants.
The present work proposes two prediction models for the concentration of NO2 and SO2 for
the three most important cities of Ecuador, based on information from Sentinel-5P, Giovanni
NASA and ERA 5 satellite images. The first proposed model uses Recurrent Neural
Networks using the number of lags or dummy variables created that are used to find
relationships between concentration and meteorological variables, which provide
information to the neural network to make the prediction. It was proposed to predict air
pollution up to 5 days ahead with the use of different structures looking for the best one for
the forecast. The second proposed model uses the Random Forest method taking into
account two important characteristics, the maximum depth of each tree and the minimum
number of samples to be considered Leaf Nodes. These two features give us two
Bryam Montesdeoca Jara
Dayana Ortiz Morocho iv
perspectives about random forests looking for the best prediction model. It can be said that
the prediction through the Random Forest Regression algorithm was the one that showed
the best performance R2=0.98 and the error metrics MAPE, RMSE and PBIAS were lower
in this method with values of 7, 3.67, 0.68, respectively. , emphasizing the different data
sets, the prediction for the city of Cuenca was the best, followed by the city of Guayaquil,
which slightly exceeds the predictions for Quito. This shows that the prediction of air quality
is effective, showing satisfactory results and opening doors to new research in order to be
able to anticipate the measurements of concentrations of polluting gases in the air and thus
be able to make preventive decisions for both health and the environment.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40634
Ingeniería Ambiental
Contaminación ambiental
Contaminantes
Meteorología
Pronóstico de las concentraciones de SO2 y NO2 en Ecuador a partir de imágenes satelitales Sentinel 5P, mediante técnicas de Machine Learning
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/326752020-08-03T15:51:01Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Salinas Orrego, Rocío Esperanza
author
Sarmiento Vásquez, Pedro sebastián
author
2019-05-17
Rainfall depth and its spatial variation affects water resources availability, which is relevant in watersheds management. In mountain areas, one of the factors that influences rainfall characteristics is elevation. The present study determines the effect of elevation in space time rainfall distribution in the Tomebamba and Yanuncay river basins. Data from a radar located on the Paragüillas hill at the northern limit of the Cajas National Park was used, regarding to the months April 2015, 2016, 2017, May 2015, 2016, November 2016, January and February 2017. It was found that between 2800 m s.n.m. and 3300 m s.n.m. the highest rainfall is recorded in six of the eight months of study, mainly in the rainiest months. Also, between 3300 m s.n.m. and 3900 m s.n.m. the greatest rainfall spatial variability is seen; additionally, it was determined that the Tomebamba basin is more humid than the Yanuncay basin. This study is pioneer in the identification of precipitation-altitude relationship in mountain areas in Ecuador with radar data. It is appreciated that there is no unique linear relationship between elevation and rainfall distribution. Moreover, there is no relationship between elevation and rainfall variability. Future investigations could be focused on determining the influence of the slope in the space-time orographic rainfall variability.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/32675
Ingenieria Ambiental
Radar metereológico
Precipitación
Distribución
Espacio temporal
Efecto de la elevación en la distribución espacio-temporal de la precipitación a escala mensual en las cuencas de los ríos Tomebamba y Yanuncay usando datos de radar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/213072020-08-03T15:51:02Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Torres Maza, Jonathan Orlando
author
Quito Matute, Luis Fernando
author
2014
The outdated data about nonhazardous solid waste in Special Generators of Cuenca has driven the Municipal Public Waste Company to carry out a physical study. This is with the support of the Environmental Engineering Faculty at Universidad de Cuenca. The objective is to obtain updated technical information of specific weight, composition and mechanisms of waste disposal.
In this study is necessary know the nature of Special Generators according to its economic activity. National Classification of economic activities CIIU revision 4.0 by the INEC was used to get it.
To update the specific weight, three daily samples were taken during three non-consecutive days: Monday, Wednesday and Friday or Tuesday; Thursday and Saturday in each place of study. The samples were placed in containers of 55 gallons and then its weight and volume were obtained.
Samples of solid residues were obtained from the most representatives organizations according to the economic activity and with a manual classification until get a percent of each component.
The results help to propose mechanisms of deviations, and be implement in the organizations to promote the reuse and recycling of potential recyclable materials and thus reduce the total amount of solid waste.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21307
Residuos sólidos
Cantón Cuenca
Generadores especiales
Ingenieria Ambiental
Caracterización de residuos sólidos no peligrosos de generadores especiales en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/274012020-08-03T15:51:02Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Ambrosi Moreira, Carlos Andrés
author
2017
The demand for the use of water resources due to the growth of the different production areas, such as: agriculture, livestock, electric generation, industrial, etc. Have increased in recent decades. Therefore, it is essential to understand the characteristics that govern the hydrological cycle. Water resources have been studied with greater interest in the paramos of our country. Ecuador possesses unique characteristics in terms of its hydro-meteorological processes due to the effects of the intertropical convergence zone, orography and air masses from both the Pacific and the Amazon. As a support for the study of precipitation behavior, a meteorological radar called CAXX was implemented at the northern boundary of the Cajas National Park, the radar initially recorded reflectivity values (Z) in [dbZ], which are converted at the rate of rain in [mm/h] from a power law Z=A R^b where A and b are empirical coefficients. The present study aimed to evaluate the precipitation estimates of the CAXX radar images from four functions Z=A R^b: a) used by default in the equipment and b) three additional functions adapted with local data. By comparison with the data observed in pluviometric sensors at different temporal space resolutions. The method of comparison between radar images and ground-based rain gauge data was based on statistical errors: Abs-Bias, root mean square error and coefficient of determination. This study evaluated the accuracy of radar estimates at the temporal and spatial level and also generated a baseline on the evaluation of the images in their primary state, without additional calibrations
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27401
Radar meteorológico
Precipitación
Parque Nacional Cajas
Ecuador
Rio Paute
Ingenieria Ambiental
Evaluación de imágenes de precipitación de un radar meteorológico a diferentes resoluciones espacios-temporales en la cuenca alta del Río Paute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/315222020-08-03T15:51:02Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Vélez Brito, Lisseth Cristina
author
2018
Knowledge of environmental variables is important because of their influence on human activities. A factor of interest is precipitation. The water resource is essential for the development of the populations, being vital for activities such as livestock, agriculture, industry, domestic activities, generation of electricity and for the development of life itself. Throughout the years, measurement techniques and equipment have been implemented to collect information on precipitation in an area of interest. The objective of this work was to characterize precipitation in the Tomebamba and Yanuncay hydrographic basins through the use of precipitation images from the CAXX meteorological radar. The study was carried out at the level of sub-basins, altitudinal zones and land use, reporting values of average monthly precipitation, standard deviation, cell with maximum value of precipitation and cell with minimum value of precipitation. Map statistics were applied using Python 2.7.12 software and cartographic files were processed using ArcGis 10.5 software. The characteristics of the precipitation in each sub-basin during wet and dry months of 2016-2017 were defined. In addition, the distribution of precipitation between the sub-basins was compared and the correlation between precipitation and altitude was calculated using a simple linear regression. The results showed that there is a high correlation between the precipitations of the sub-basins, being in Yanuncay always lower than in Tomebamba, but there is a low correlation between precipitation and altitude. By other hand, at the level of land use, rainfall did not present any pattern.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31522
Radar meteorológico
Precipitación
Rio Tomebamba
Rio Yanuncay
Ingenieria Ambiental
Caracterización de la precipitación espacial en las cuencas hidrográficas de los ríos Tomebamba y Yanuncay
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/410532023-02-17T15:29:23Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Abad Delgado, Alex David
author
Ponce Montalvo, Jonathan Daniel
author
2023-02-14
Emerging contaminants such as ciprofloxacin and diclofenac are not adequately removed
in wastewater treatment plants, affecting the environment. These drugs are of particular
interest as they appear on the EU watch list.
Several processes, such as adsorption on carbonaceous materials and agricultural waste,
have been successfully tested. Against this background, the objective of this work was to
find environmental, economical, and effective solutions for the removal of contaminants such
as ciprofloxacin and diclofenac on clays in stirred vessel adsorption processes.
The clays were characterized by determining the zero-charge point, functional groups,
specific surface area, and adsorption capacity. In addition, acid hydrolysis was performed
to increase their specific surface area and adsorption capacity, especially in the removal of
DCF, which increased by 40 to 60%.
All clays adsorbed ciprofloxacin up to 270 mg/g. Acid treatment did not significantly increase
the adsorption capacity of this drug. Instead, hydrolyzed clays achieved the adsorption of
diclofenac, which natural clays were unable to adsorb, indicating that ciprofloxacin has a
greater affinity with clays than diclofenac.
Finally, it was shown that the adsorption kinetics for all clays in the removal of CPX and DCF
fit the pseudo-second-order model, indicating rapid adsorption. The equilibrium model that
best fit for CPX was Freundlich, which suggests multi-layer adsorption, and for DCF was
Langmuir, indicating monolayer adsorption.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/41053
Ingeniería Ambiental
Adsorción
Aguas residuales
Adsorción de ciprofloxacina y diclofenaco sobre arcillas naturales e hidrolizadas usando vasos agitados
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/348132020-09-23T07:00:27Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Neves De Carvalho De Icaza Oehlke, Caio Andres
author
2020-09-22
Climate change is a global issue that has no political borders due to compounding effects that occur in ecosystems around the world. For this reason, countless studies on climate change have recently been carried out around the world and projections or scenarios have been developed to estimate how the climate will behave in the future.
Currently, the goal is to understand and describe how these changes in the climate will impact society, different production systems and the environment; the aim of which are to propose solutions or alternatives that make it possible to face future problems related to health, economy, culture, life quality and food security. These take into consideration that changes in climate will have a direct and indirect influence on food production in quantity and quality.
For this study, a methodology based on the one developed by FAO for the agricultural sector was applied, in accordance with the guidelines for analysis of vulnerability and climate risk of the Fifth Synthesis Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). First, the threats derived from the climate that influence the study area were identified. Then, the exposure and the sensitivity of the corn crop to those threats and the sensitivity of the population to suffer impacts from the damages or losses that could arise for this crop were determined. Finally, the adaptive capacity of the population against these impacts was defined, to calculate the vulnerability and obtain an objective risk assessment. Thereby, it was determined that the vulnerability of the population is low to certain threats and is very low to others. It was also defined that the climatic risk for the population is very low to all threats.
This work culminates with the proposal of some recommendations for the development of future related research and to reduce vulnerability to the threats derived from climate change, which could affect this and other crops in the future.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34813
Ingeniería Ambiental
Cambios atmosféricos
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad y riesgo climático de la población ante la posible afectación del cultivo de maíz frente a amenazas derivadas de cambios en el clima en la subcuenca del río Machángara
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/288252020-08-03T15:51:03Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Coronel Iñiguez, Vanessa Fabiola
author
2017
Emerging pollutants are an environmental problem that is increasingly noticeable, since their existence in wastewater is due to wastewater treatment plants that do not purify this type of pollutant. Its presence is considered a threat to the environment, due to its persistence and its acceleration bioaccumulation in the organisms of the environment. Recently, methods for the elimination of this type of substances have been studied, which turn out to be very expensive; in this way, the need arises for the search for alternative treatments such as biosorption. Drugs are the most common emerging contaminants in wastewater such as ciprofloxacin.
In this study, the removal of ciprofloxacin in the agitated tank was evaluated using corn cob and bagasse as biosorbent. The parameters studied in the biosorption process were concentrations of ciprofloxacin, pH of the solution, contact time, amount of biosorbent, in addition kinetic and thermodynamic studies were carried out, resulting in that while the concentration of ciprofloxacin is lower, the percentage of removal, the optimum pH is 6, the contact time was 60 minutes, for corn cob a percentage of removal of 83% was obtained with 3 g / L of biomass, not so for sugarcane bagasse, given that with 9 g / L a percentage of removal of 87% was obtained, defining in this way the best biosorbent for the removal of ciprofloxacin was the corn cob.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28825
Biosorción
Ciprofloxacina
Bagazo de caña
Mazorca de maíz
Ingenieria Ambiental
Contaminante
Biosorción de ciprofloxacina con bagazo de caña y mazorca de maíz en tanque agitado
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/337872020-08-03T15:51:03Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Durazno Nieto, Sofía Carolina
author
2020-01-08
Before starting environmental management processes, it is essential to know the suitability of the terrain for different objectives. Consequently, to identify areas of a basin to be protected to safeguard hydrological regulation functions, it is necessary to initiate a characterization of the hydrological response units, to subsequently define a Conservation Priority Index. However, existing methodologies on prioritizing conservation areas in a basin are not fully applicable in basins with few data. The main objective is to develop a methodology to identify the most important areas of hydrological conservation from their qualitative evaluation of biological and physical characteristics like: topography, nature, slope, soil and Topographic wetness index. It will allow to put every basin in a range and this will show the conservation status. Raster maps of biophysical features were generated. Subsequently, a matrix was raised to weigh the effects of biophysical characteristics on hydrological regulation, and this matrix were filled by experts. Finally, data were processed and the maps were generated by GIS tools. The results indicate the areas of Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very low conservation importance. The methodology is easy to apply and achieve with the priority conservation areas of the basin, this will do easier the decision– making of enterprises and the investment of their money will be guaranteed.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33787
Ingeniería Ambiental
Río Tabacay
Conservación hidrológica
Sistema de información geográfica
Desarrollo de una metodología para la caracterización de unidades de respuesta hidrológica en cuencas andinas: caso de estudio cuenca del río Tabacay
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/287492020-08-03T15:51:04Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Escandón Patiño, Adriana Paola
author
Peralta Moreno, Andrea Daniela
author
2017
In this paper, a non-hazardous solid waste minimization plan was developed, and improvements were made to strengthen the management of solid waste in Arenales and Guarumales, the camps of the hydroelectric power plants Mazar and Molino. Two strategic objectives were considered; Decreasing the amount of solid waste that arrives at the sanitary landfill located in Guarumales and increasing the participation of the personnel within the powerplants.
The methodology that was proposed for the fulfillment of this project was executed in four stages based on the specific objectives that were proposed. The first stage consisted of a field and documentary investigation to determine the current situation of waste management within the camps. It was possible to determine that the Instruction Manual for the Management of Solid Waste is the document which details the processes to be followed in the management of non-hazardous solid waste and that the per capita waste generation has decreased in Mazar from 0.834 kg/capita/day to 0.509 kg/capita/day and in Molino from 0.617 kg/capita/day to 0,464 kg/capita/day, since its implementation in 2015. The second stage allowed us to determine the areas, processes, and types of solid wastes with higher generation inside the camps. Finally, the third and fourth stages consisted in elaborating the minimization plan and proposing the most viable measures and alternatives for the optimization and strengthening of the non-hazardous solid waste management.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28749
Ingenieria Ambiental
Hidroeléctrica Mazar
Hidroeléctrica Molino
Desechos sólidos
Desarrollo de un plan de minimización de desechos sólidos no peligrosos en los campamentos arenales y Guarumales de las centrales hidroeléctricas Mazar y Molino
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/288102020-08-03T15:51:04Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Avilés Flores, Daniela Marisol
author
Rivera Banegas, Miguel Angel
author
2018
The air contamination is a global problem. In the city of Cuenca we find two important sources of contamination: The vehicle fleet and the industrial park. This investigation reveals the dispersion of pollutants (CO, NOx and SO2) in the city which originate from the industrial sector. For this we elaborated an inventory of realized emissions through bibliographical review and on-site survey applying the methodology established in TULSMA and in the Ministerial Agreement 097-A. A total of 122 industries were examined and 22 of those are considered fixed sources of emissions.
It found that the major contaminant was SO2 with 69,5437 g/s, followed by NOx with 19,6781 g/s and finally CO with 2,9226 g/s.The major contributors in the category of production of carton and paper are SO2 and NOx and CO in the category of the industrial pharmaceuticals and chemical products. It presented the modeling of the dispersion of the contaminants (CO,NOx,SO2) utilizing the software Disper 5.2 and Screen View 3 and finally we proceeded to compare those two softwares on a qualitative scale where we took into account 5 aspects: easiness of comprehension, graphic quality, portability, security and accuracy of information. Disper 5.2 achieved an evaluation of 4 which is acceptable and Screen View 3 with an evaluation of 3,6 belongs to the rank of accepatble.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28810
Dispersión
Contaminación
Ingenieria Ambiental
Parque Industrial
Cantón Cuenca
Ecuador
Dispersión de contaminantes atmosféricos por fuentes fijas de combustión del Parque Industrial de la ciudad de Cuenca, mediante los software Screen view 3 y Disper 5.2
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/305982020-08-03T15:51:05Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Montalván Pérez, Lisseth Mariela
author
2018
The phenomenon known as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is related to meteorological variables, especially precipitation. In this study, the relationship between ENSO, precipitation and vegetation of the Machángara and Tomebamba sub-accounts is explored. In addition, it seeks to know if there is a relationship between precipitation and vegetation. The data of this study were compiled from the Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMHI), from images of the MODIS satellite and database of indexes of the ENSO phenomenon. This information has a monthly scale and corresponds to the period 2000-2015. Cross correlations were made between the ENSO phenomenon, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with a maximum delay of 18 months. The most statistically significant relationships were between the ENSO phenomenon and the SPI, and there were also relationships between the SPI and NDVI. In the two sub-basins, precipitation and vegetation have a similar behavior, however the number of relationships between these variables and the ENSO phenomenon varied. The Machángara sub-basin presented a greater number of relationships, in spite of this, the relationship is similar for the two sub-basins when an El Niño phenomenon occurs when precipitation decreases, the opposite occurs when a La Niña phenomenon occurs. This study could be used as basic information for the prevention of the effects of the increase and decrease of precipitation and for the incorporation of vegetation management plans in the two sub-basins.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/30598
Ingenieria Ambiental
Correlación cruzada
Metereología
Subcuencas
Medio ambiente
Hidrología
Análisis de las relaciones entre la precipitación, vegetación y el fenómeno ENOS en las subcuencas Machángara y Tomebamba del río Paute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/211032020-08-03T15:51:05Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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García Ríos, Edwin Alexander
author
2015
This project involved the development of a management plan for the management of different solid waste generated in the Soil's Laboratory of the Faculty of Chemistry of the Cuenca University, because currently the Laboratory does not have a management adequate of waste and there is no control on the current negative impacts.
To meet proper management of solid waste, it must pass through different specific processes within their generation, storage, treatment and disposal, in order to reduce current impacts caused, for it was necessary to select different methodologies that allowed the collection clear and concise data required to develop a management plan, including: a review of national and international regulations relevant to the management of solid waste, study analyzes and processes in the Laboratory identifying areas of waste generation, characterization and identifying environmental impacts, and assessed the degree of magnitude and importance for solid waste occurred on the environment
Obtained sufficient data to ensure the success of a management system activities, methodologies and corrective measures that will be the mainstay of the management plan and also to compliance and monitoring them were proposed, the laboratory of Soil promote corporate image against environmental issues: solid waste management and minimization of impacts.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21103
Residuos sólidos
Ingenieria Ambiental
Análisis de suelos
Evaluación de impactos
Plan de gestión
Elaboración de un plan de gestión de residuos sólidos para el laboratorio de suelos de la Facultad Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/320512019-12-23T13:41:18Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Suárez Pesántez, Jenny Estefanía
author
2019-02-26
The agricultural sector is considered of economic importance for our country. However, it is responsible for generating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mainly methane and nitrogen oxides which cause climate change. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the carbon footprint (CF) in a small-scale livestock farm, located in the community of Soldados of the parish of San Joaquín. To this end, an inventory of GHG emission sources identified within the farm was prepared; the organizational, operational limits were determined, the base year, in this case the evaluation was carried out for the year 2017, and finally the mathematical calculations for the GHG quantification were carried out. The methodology and guidelines established by the IPCC, GHG Protocol and ISO 14064 were applied. In addition, interviews were conducted with 16 children from four educational units in Cuenca, two public and two private, which were part of the research project of the University of Osnabrück (Germany), turning the present study into a trial that fine-tunes the methodology in our context. The interviews focused on the perceptions in regards to the activities that are carried out in the farms, and how they influence the environmental contamination. MAXQDA software was used to analyze the interviews. As a result of the CF calculation, a total of 71.12 t〖 CO〗_2eq, was obtained from nine emission sources identified, with methane being the main GHG generated. From the results obtained from the interviews, the total of the sample attributes that the contamination within a farm is given by the excreta of the cattle.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/32051
Ingenieria Ambiental
Efecto invernadero
Gases
Emisiones
Metano
Granjas
Evaluación de huella de carbono en la producción pecuaria de una granja a pequeña escala, ubicada en la comunidad de Soldados del cantón Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/258342020-08-03T15:51:06Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Parra Ullauri, Mayra Alejandra
author
2016
There are different aspects that may impair the quantity and quality of water in a basin, such as population growth, the change of use of soil, climate, etc. However, the greatest concern and most sensitive aspect are the change in the climate that could lead to the increase of extreme events hydro meteorological that could jeopardize the supply of water for different demands.Therefore, this thesis analyzed future climatic scenarios of changes in precipitation and temperature and its impact on the availability of water in a river basin.
In the present study, which will raise was analyzing the WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning) planning model as a tool that will determine the impact of climate change on water availability in the basin of the Machángara River. The implementation of the model consisted of collecting historical data climatological and hydrological; in addition to the cartography of the zone of study so that they served as support for the same obtaining models that can be compared with the current reality. In addition, the software allowed the use of climate scenarios ECHAM A2 and B2, to for results to the changes brought by the variations of climate on water supply, and water managers could define and formulate future strategies for planning and management of water in the short and medium term.Among the results obtained from a cross between the supply and demand for water in the future, is that in the case of demand for human consumption for the months between June and August there will be a deficit of water for your needs.This study could serve as the water managers to take a decision based on a better use of the current and future water resource and its proper administration in the permanent search for a sustainable development of the population of the Machángara River basin.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25834
Ingenieria Ambiental
Cambio climático
Río Machángara
Medio ambiente
Implementar el sistema de modelación WEAP como herramienta que determine el impacto del cambio climático sobre la disponibilidad del agua en la cuenca del río Machángara
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/371042021-10-27T07:00:33Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Ayala Quezada, Daysi Germania
author
Chuqui Domínguez, Jacqueline Cristina
author
2021-10-22
Plants are living beings that capture carbon dioxide, but they can also be used as tools to
determine the air quality of a place because they can suffer alterations due to external
factors such as air pollution, that is why the main objective of this research work was to
monitor air quality in the Cuenca canton through the use of plants as bioindicators. For this
purpose the passive and active methodology was applied, in the active methodology two
species Raphanus sativus and Vicia faba were used as bioindicators, 8 monitoring points
were taken distributed around the entire canton, for the passive methodology the species
known as Lichen for bioindicator, because this species is present in most of the trees of the
canton, to obtain the results of the passive methodology, it was based on determining the
Atmospheric Purity Index (IPA) in the 8 monitoring points. The ArcGIS software was used
and the IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting) tool was used to extrapolate the concentration
data obtained from the Cuenca Municipal Public Mobility, Transit and Transport Company
(EMOV EP), the active methodology focused on observing the alterations morphological
and ecotoxicological effects presented by the species of R. Sativus and V. Faba, which
occurred in the course of the time that it lasted e l monitoring. In the passive methodology,
IPA values between 9.8 and 22.8 were obtained, the latter being the highest IPA value
related to good air quality. In the active methodology, the species that suffered the most
alterations were R, Sativus, presenting spots on its leaves and low weights. Finally, the
place that presented the highest environmental contamination was the Arenal point in both
the active and passive methodology, while the place that showed the least contamination
was the Camal in the active methodology and Balzay in the passive methodology.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/37104
Ingeniería Ambiental
Atmósfera
Calidad ambiental
Monitoreo de la calidad del aire del cantón Cuenca mediante el uso de bioindicadores (líquenes, Vicia faba y R. Sativus)
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424782023-07-31T13:47:34Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Guamán Mendoza, Anthony Esteban
author
Lema Zúñiga, Carlos Josué
author
2023-07-24
The research focused on evaluating different satellite products (SP) of precipitation (SPP) and
temperature (SPT) for hydrological modeling processes and estimating flows in the upper area of
the Paute river basin, which contemplate the sub-basins; Tomebamba, Tarqui and Yanuncay.
The SP were collected on a daily time scale, then PS were filtered based on the utility for the
study area. As a result, the products selected were ERA5-LAND as SPT and CHIRPS, IMERG,
PERSIANN-CCS, PERSIANN-CCS-CDR, PDIRNOW, ERA5-LAND and MSWEP as SPP. The
observed hydrometeorological data were obtained from gauge network with 8 stations (five for
precipitation data, two for temperature data and three for river discharge data) on a daily scale
provided by ETAPA-EP. Initially, these SP data were used for a statistical validation and the
results indicated that; the SP with the best approximation to reality are MSWEP and ERA5-LAND,
followed by the PERSIANN products and IMERG. Subsequently, the simulation of the flow for
each sub-basin was carried out in the HBV-LIGHT software using each SP. In addition, the
automatic calibration was based on Monte Carlo and GAP simulations. Results showed low
efficiencies, due to different considerations such as; SP re-analysis, HBV-LIGHT structure,
evapotranspiration and the availability of observed data. Finally, it is proposed for future research
work to improve the quality of SP and ground stations through; downscaling, spatial interpolation,
integration of multiple meteorological networks and use of other hydrological models that are
mostly specialized in the region.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42478
Ingeniería Ambiental
Hidrometeorología
Redes meteorológicas
Evaluación de productos satélite de precipitación y temperatura para la determinación de caudales en la cuenca alta del río Paute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/297542022-01-04T17:42:32Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Arízaga Idrovo, Viviana Cristina
author
2018
In Andean regions, ‘páramos’ provide vital services for downstream populations. In Ecuador, Cajas National Park ‘páramos’ are one of the main quality water providers to the city of Cuenca. Fishing farms are one of the main socio-economic activities in the Quinuas basin. This industry can generate environmental impact because the discharged effluents can have a great amount of waste and can become a serious threat to water quality from mountain regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in water quality parameters from four fish farms (Dos Chorreras, Reina del Cisne, Estación Arco Iris, and ETAPA), that catch its water and discharge it to the Quinuas river. The analysis was made in all types of flows, as well as in low, medium, and high flows. Weekly monitoring was executed between July, 2014 and July, 2017. Mann Whitney U (p<0.05) was performed and found statistically significant differences in Dos Chorreras (turbidity, COD, BOD, TOC, DOC, NO2, NO3, and TN); Reina del Cisne (turbidity); Estación Arco Iris (turbidity, conductivity, BOD, DOC, NO2, NO3, PO4, and SO4); and ETAPA (NO2, NO3, PO4, and SO4). Evident changes were observed in the farms that use larger amounts of food. In addition, the impact on water quality was greatly reduced when there is effluent treatment previous the discharge to the river.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29754
Ingeniería Ambiental
Piscícola
Calidad de agua
Evaluación de los impactos de la industria de trucha arcoíris en la calidad del agua del río Quinuas, Parque Nacional El Cajas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/263312020-08-03T15:51:07Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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González Pozo, Santiago José
author
2017
The following project involves the design, construction and comparison of the efficiency between two low temperature solar thermal collectors. The first is a very simple and economic design, easy to construct, and it uses recycled materials. The second will be a flat plate collector with a more sophisticated design, and it will use high quality materials to increase efficiency to the maximum. To determine and compare the efficiency of the two collectors, those were tested in Cuenca, Ecuador, at the same time and under the same conditions. In each solar thermal collector, the water temperature was measured, before and after being heated, and compared with the solar radiation levels at the time they were in operation. With all the data collected, it was generated a graphic comparing these variables (T and Solar radiation) and obtain a correlation index between the two of them. Using this data we can determine the efficiency of the collectors, comparing the incident solar energy with the energy given to the water in the form of heat. The first design got an efficiency of 46% and the second one has an efficiency of 62%.
This work also made a small economic analysis, estimating the energy and economical savings every month and the payback time of the investment on each solar thermal collector by using a database of average levels of solar radiation in Cuenca. With all the information collected we could determine the advantages and disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses of each design.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/26331
Colector solar térmico
Variación de temperatura
Radiación solar
Cantón Cuenca
Ingenieria Ambiental
Diseño, construcción y comparación de la eficiencia de dos colectores solares térmicos de baja temperatura en la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/356302021-02-17T07:00:31Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Atariguana Guevara, Paola Valeria
author
Urvina Guallpa, Dayanna Abigail
author
2021-02-12
The Fatima enclosure is located in the San Fernando canton of the Azuay province in Ecuador.
This enclosure, as well as most rural sectors of our country, lacks a wastewater treatment
system, thus triggering the contamination of their water bodies, which is why it was decided
to design a system of artificial wetlands with vertical subsurface flow to provide a viable
alternative solution to this problem. For the design of this system, the water consumption
record corresponding to the year 2019 of the enclosure was taken into account to calculate the
flows, as well as the population growth rate to calculate the size of the population in 25 years,
the time for which the wetland was designed and the methodology dictated by García and
Corzo (2008) for the design of phyto-purification systems when there is no gauging campaign
was followed. After the design, the graphic representation of the different structures that make
up the system has been made in different plans, cuts and detail sections. An analysis of
phytodepuration plant species was made, choosing the Scirpus Californicus species (cattail)
because it is present in the study area, which allows to reduce costs for the acquisition of
seedlings and reduce adaptation times in relation to other species. Simultaneously, a multicriteria
analysis was made with the help of ArcGIS software to determine the optimal site,
identifying 4 areas for the construction of the system. Once this information was obtained, a
guide for the construction, management and maintenance of the wetland was prepared to
guarantee the correct development of this project and its effectiveness during all its phases.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/35630
Ingeniería Ambiental
Aguas residuales
Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales con humedales artificiales para el recinto Fátima en el cantón San Fernando
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/417012023-04-13T20:41:56Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Cabrera Salazar, María José
author
Peña Berrezueta, Andrea Melissa
author
2023-04-13
The use of conventional energy leads to an increase of CO2 in the atmosphere; therefore, the
objective of the project is to conduct a pre-feasibility study of an irrigation system based on
renewable energy applicable in the parish of Sumaypamba belonging to the canton of Saraguro
and, consequently, reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Meteorological information of the study
area was analyzed, allowing to know the elements to be used in the irrigation system.
Considering that the wind resource does not meet the optimal conditions, which has an average
wind speed of 2.9 m/s at a height of 15m, which is insufficient for the functionality of the wind
turbine. However, solar radiation can generate electricity through a photovoltaic system. For the
analysis and evaluation of the system behavior, the HOMER Pro software was used, which
allows the design, modeling and optimization of systems based on renewable energies. The
results were sufficient to cover the expected demand. The economic part estimated an
implementation cost for the system of $2425. The environmental part focused on the reduction
of CO2 emissions, estimating that the pumping system using a motor pump with fuel contributes
120 kg of CO2 per year, reducing emissions to 100%. In addition, the Sustainable Development
Goals were analyzed, contributing to 6 SDGs of the 2030 agenda, with which this proposal will
allow Elecaustro S.A. to strengthen its presence in the area and its social and environmental
management programs.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/41701
Ingeniería Ambiental
Energía renovable
Efecto invernadero
Estudio de prefactibilidad de un sistema de riego a base de energías renovables eólica-fotovoltaica aplicable en la parroquia de Sumaypamba cantón de Saraguro
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/387582022-04-13T07:00:34Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Galarza Guamán, Andrés Geovanny
author
Barros Bermeo, Mónica Estefanía
author
2022-03-07
The availability of a drinking water treatment system in developing rural communities is limited
or the existing water treatment plant is inefficient, which does not guarantee the quality and
safety of the resource for human consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to implement an
accessible and highly efficient system that has sustainable solutions. The implementation of
biochar as a filter bed in this type of systems is little researched, but due to its large use in
sewage treatment and chemical pollutants removal and its ease of production, this research
aimed to evaluate the efficiency of biochar as a filter media for drinking water treatment for
developing communities. The study includes the production of biochar using as residual
biomass: eucalyptus (E), bamboo (B) and banana stem (R), through two slow pyrolysis process
denominated “a” and “b”, which differ from each other by their temperature and pyrolysis time,
with average values around 300 °C and 60 minutes and 400 °C and 107 minutes, respectively.
The efficiency of these materials in the filtration process with several types of water (raw,
flocculated, and settled) at a rate of 120 m3
/m2
/d, was evaluated, finding that biochar derived
from bamboo and manufactured under process “b” (Bb) was the best material filter. Then, under
the same operating conditions, Bb was assessed in three different granulometry, determining
that the finest effective size (0.65 mm) was the best in the filtration process. Subsequently, this
biochar was compared with conventional filter materials such as gravel, sand and anthracite,
with several types of water (raw, flocculated and settled) and at different filtration rates (120
and 240 m3
/m2
/d), for the removal of physical parameters (turbidity and color). Thus, it was
found that the best filtration media was precisely biochar, with average turbidity and color
removal efficiencies, respectively, of 64.37 and 45.08 % for raw water, 93.9 and 90.75 % for
flocculated water, and 80.79 and 69.03 %, for settled water. Similarly, the removal of chemical
and biological parameters was assessed at a rate of 180 m3
/m2
/d, obtaining the following
efficiencies for biochar: copper 75.9 %, aluminum 90.72 %, iron 95.7 %, nitrates 10.9 %, total
coliforms 94.3 % and fecal coliforms 88.9 %. Consequently, it was determined that the
efficiencies achieved by biochar to remove these metals and total coliforms were the highest
among the compared filter beds. Additionally, it was possible to demonstrate that the volume
of washing water required by the biochar is lower than that of the other beds. Finally, the
efficiencies of turbidity and color removal for mixed beds were assessed (combining various
materials), finding that for the treatment of flocculated and settled water, biochar contributes
to improving the performance of sand and anthracite in the filtration process. Also, it helps to
reduce the volume of water required by these beds during the washing process. The results
point to locally produced biochar as a viable option for the provision of drinking water in
developing rural communities and an alternative to take into consideration for the achievement
of the sixth Sustainable Development Goal by 2030: universal access to water, sanitation, and
hygiene
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/38758
Ingeniería Ambiental
Agua potable
Calidad del agua
Abastecimiento de agua
Filtros
Filtración sostenible para la provisión de agua potable en comunidades rurales en desarrollo utilizando biochar generado localmente
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/245002020-08-03T15:51:08Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Maza León, Andrea Paola
author
2016
The estimation of solar radiation (RS) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are a necessary process when there are no measurements of these variables in a region. This is the case in mountainous areas such as the Andes where there are insufficient measurements because of the cost and difficulty to obtain them. These variables are important in ecological and economic terms, and also to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETO). This thesis presents a comparative study of 5 empirical models to estimate RS (Hargreaves-Samani, Allen, Annandale, Chen and Ertekin-Yaldiz) and 5 models to estimate VPD (FAO56 and 4 models Castellvi), all of them based on air temperature. Daily Rs and VPD data from 6 meteorological stations were used in two altitudinal gradients located in the Quinuas and ZhurucayEcohydrological Observatories (Azuay, Ecuador). The validation criteria were performed using different statistical indices. The results showed that the original RS models need calibration and validation before they provide valid estimations. The calibrated Rs models resulted in improved estimates in the two gradients. The Chen model showed the best results for all stations in the two gradients. The results of VPD models showed in Balzay (urban) a distinct performance. Favorable results were not obtained with any model only at weather station Campamento.This study has provided calibrated equations that can be used in the Andes of southern Ecuador for estimating RS and VPD.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/24500
Radiación solar
Vapor
Aire
Temperatura
Clima
Ingenieria Ambiental
Comunidad de Zhurucay
Presion
Provincia del Azuay
Estudio comparativo entre modelos de estimación de radiación solar y déficit de presión de vapor en dos gradientes altitudinales
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/320622019-12-23T13:42:31Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Urgilés Ortiz, Javier Alberto
author
2019-02-28
Carbon storage and sequestration by montane Ecuadorian forests is poorly understood. These ecosystems are widely recognized by their biodiversity, and the provision of multiple environmental services. However, they keep facing increasing deforestation and degradation. Therefore, the management of carbon sequestration has the potential to provide benefits for the biodiversity and climate adaptation. Moreover, it allows an integral management, valuation, and conservation of forest resources. This study was carried out in montane forests in southern Ecuador. Above ground biomass carbon stock, as well as the economic value of the environmental service were estimated to justify their conservation. Using stratified random sampling, 0.1 ha plots were located along an altitudinal gradient, 2500-2900 m elevation. All individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) 2.5 cm were identified. The measured parameters included height and diameter of the tree. Furthermore, herbarium and wood samples were collected to identify individuals by species and determine their respective density. As an additional contribution of this work, it was proposed to understand people’s perception towards the conservation of these ecosystems. Paper pencil surveys were used, focusing on the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus), specie at risk of extinction (VU) that lives in this area
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/32062
Oso de anteojos
Biomasa aérea
Bosque montano
Almacenamiento de carbono
Percepción ambiental
Valoración económica
Ingenieria Ambiental
Valoración económica del almacenamiento de carbono por biomasa aérea en bosques montanos de la cordillera occidental de los Andes
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/217012020-08-03T15:51:09Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Amay Izquierdo, Edison Fernando
author
López Puma, Esteban Santiago
author
2015
This thesis has been developed for the purpose to extend the hydrological knowledge concerning to the study of water quality considering climate change impacts with in tropical Andean basins. This was possible through the development of a water quality submodel obtained by data mining to relate water quailty paremeters versus hidro-meterological parameters. A database of 27 days was used to obtain a submodel in the Weka software. This database consists of seven physicochemical parameters (BOD, COD, DO, CT, SST, nitrates and nitrites) and 4 hydro-meteorological variables (flow, precipitation, temperature and ETo) daily observed. The resulting ecuations were able to model successfully the load (kg / day) of physicochemical parameters in relation with the hydro meteorological variablesat the Tomebamba in Monay basin. Subsequently, the results of Weka were incorporated with the results of climate models and theresults of the VHM model, obtaining predictions of the 7 parameters of water quality for the years 2045 to 2065 for the climate change scenario A1B of Special Report of the IPCC scenarios emissions. The research achievement meet the objectives set, showing that for future years a reduction in water quality, where an increase of 9409 kg / day BOD increase, 357,599 kg / day of COD, 18045 kg / day OD and 619 Kg / day of nitrate is projected; while in the drought events pollutant load reductions are presented, the most significant lowering of -2.20E + 05 kg / day of SST and -63988.9 kg / day BOD.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21701
Cambio climático
Calidad de agua
Contaminación ambiental
Ingenieria Ambiental
Río Tomebamba
Cantón Cuenca
Estimación del impacto del cambio climático en la calidad del agua para la cuenca del río Tomebamba en Monay
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/252422020-08-03T15:51:09Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Sánchez Salamea, Nervo Andrés
author
2016
In the search for cleaner technologies for the treatment of effluents containing heavy metals has directed attention to the biosorption. This study allowed us to address the process of biosorption of 〖Cd〗^(+2)y 〖Pb〗^(+2) in effluents miners through the shell of cacao. It was determined the physical and chemical characteristics of the sorbent and the result obtained was: the shell of cacao has a neutral surface composed primarily by groups aliphatic esters; was also studied the factors affecting this process as are: pH, particle size, contact time, temperature, and the initial concentration of metal. The optimal pH for the biosorption lead is between 4 and 5 and for cadmium was between 5 and 6; with respect to the contact time necessary to eliminate the largest amount of metal ions was 10 minutes, being the result obtained in the removal of both cadmium and lead of 86.92% and 96,74% respectively. It was noted that the temperature does not affect as much as the pH and was determined as the optimal 25℃ to control the demining process; it also analyzed that the shell of cacao has higher affinity for the cadmium by ionic have a radius smaller than the lead thus enabling you to reach the smaller pores; in addition to the increasing concentration, the elimination of cadmium decreased and for the lead increased but not significantly. The experimental data of the biosorption of lead and cadmium in shell of cocoa, reproduced favorably the pseudo second order kinetic model, with coefficients of correlation (R^2) for 〖Pb〗^(+2) of 0,999 and 〖Cd〗^(+2) of 1. Finally in the study of balance the Langmuir model describes the process of adsorption for 〖Cd〗^(+2) and the model of Fleundlich was adjusted better to the experimental data for 〖Pb〗^(+2).
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25242
Ingenieria Ambiental
Cáscara de Cacao
Metales pesados
Modelos cinéticos
Modelos termodinámicos
Biosorción en tanque agitado de Cd(+2) y Pb(+2) con cáscara de cacao
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/282462019-12-19T13:22:44Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Palacios Manzano, Diego Estuardo
author
2017
The wetlands system in El Cajas, is the main supplier of water for human consumption to Cuenca. In spite of its significance, data about the influence of the hydrological regime and type of land use in income and export of nutrients in this paramo area is scarce. In order to fill this knowledge gap, a temporal variability of nutrients (nitrates (NO3-N) and total organic carbon (TOC)) analysis was carried out in different types of water (precipitation, stream water and soil water), in the Quinoa River basin (91.3 km2), which is located between 3144 - 4429 m a.s.l. in southern Ecuador. In addition, the rates of income and export about these nutrients were determined, as well as the balance of the nutrients within the basin. The water samples were collected weekly, during the period from January 14 until 2015 to December 28, 2016. Results suggest: (1) there is no clear temporal variation for the studied nutrient concentrations in precipitation; (2) TOC concentrations in natural forest are high compared to the other transects; (3) NO3-N concentrations were low in the soil water samples under the land cover types studied; (4) the relationship between stream water and nutrient concentration is significant; (5) NO3-N didn’t presented variation during the passage through the studied catchment (income and exportation). These results allow a better understanding about leaching processes of Andean paramos
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28246
Ecuador
Páramo andino
Nutrientes
Río Quinuas
Ingenieria Ambiental
Evaluación del ingreso y exportación de nutrientes en la cuenca de páramo andino del río Quinuas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/230052020-08-03T15:51:10Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Carchi García, Esteban Adrian
author
2015
This work makes a water balance in the Machángara River basin located in the province of Azuay and Cañar, has an area of 325 km2 and it is composed of threemicrobasins: Chulco River, Machangara Alto River and Machángara Bajo River.
Three climatological variables were evaluated, those were the most influensive water amounts, was assessed so the precipitation, temperature (average, maximum and minimum) and evapotranspiration. In the same way was determined demand for water and identification of the most relevant uses of water resources.
Water availability in the basin was obtained from the intersection of information between precipitation and evapotranspiration. For the study of the precipitation is determined effective areas of each station with the method of Thiessen polygons, and for the calculation of evapotranspiration the Thornthwaite method, which is based on the average temperatura was used.
For the calculation of water demand was an analysis and preliminary selection of data using information from the Bank's authorization of the secretariat national water (SENAGUA).
Relevant results in this research is the analysis of water availability vs. water demand at the level of the upper and lower basin, in order to meet the deficit and excess of water resources in these areas at monthly level.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/23005
Rio Machángara
Balance hídrico
Precipitación
Evapotranspiración
Demanda de agua
Ingenieria Ambiental
Elaboración de un balance hídrico de la Cuenca del Río Machangara
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/262972020-08-03T15:51:11Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Monroy Morocho, Lorena Marisol
author
2017
The purpose of this study was to determine the phytotoxic effect of the Particulate Matter (PM10) collected at three monitoring points in the city of Cuenca. The samples were collected by Center for Environmental Studies (CEA) of the University of Cuenca in 2014, using the method described in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA), using a high volume sampler. We also performed the characterization of heavy metals present in the city air through the chemical analysis of water soluble solutions of Particulate Material. The phytotoxicity of PM10 was evaluated in seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), radish (Raphanus sativus) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea italica) at different concentrations; (100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) of the same PM10 that were prepared in the laboratory of the Center for Environmental Studies (CEA) with a dilution factor of 10, After the recommended exposure time for short-duration bioassays by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the seeds against the contaminant, the length of the radicle and hypocotyl were measured, then the data obtained were analyzed in the program Statistic IBM SPSS Statistics 22 in which the means were determined with their respective standard deviation of the growth of the radicle and hypocotyl of each seed species, determining in this way if there are significant differences of these growths with respect to the controls, in addition the Calculation of the average inhibitory concentration (IC50) with the data of the germination of the seeds which allowed us to establish the level of incidence of PM10 on vegetables
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/26297
Fitotoxicidad
Material particulado
Dilución
Bioensayo
Ingenieria Ambiental
Caracterización del material particulado PM10 y su efecto fitotóxico en las semillas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa), rábano (Raphanus sativus) y brócoli (Brassica oleracea itálica)
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/341032020-03-05T19:24:37Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Espinoza Sarmiento, José Fabián
author
2020-03-05
El Salado creek is located in the parish El Valle, within this are the communities of Victoria Alta, Victoria Baja, La Pradera, El Valle Centro, EL Despacho, Santa Catalina, and Monay El Cruce. As a first topic of this work, a baseline of the gorge was raised where the social and environmental aspects are detailed, in addition, it includes the physical, chemical and microbiological analyzes of the water in the El Salado ravine, taking into account nine parameters: turbidity , dissolved oxygen, BOD5, pH, nitrates, phosphates, fecal coliforms, total solids and temperature in order to compare with the regulations, after that the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (ICA - NSF) of States was calculated United; for which, four monitoring campaigns were carried out between the months of February, March, April and May 2019; in four sampling points located in the Victoria Alta, El Valle, El Despacho and Monay el Cruce neighborhoods. Subsequently, the environmental impacts of the ravine were identified, and an impact identification and assessment matrix was generated using the methodology proposed by Conesa. The results obtained from the analysis of the Water Quality Index in the creek demonstrate that the water quality is within the range of Mala to Medium, in addition to identifying the most significant environmental impacts in the study area. Finally, projects focused on the mitigation and prevention of environmental problems identified in the environmental assessment matrix in the El Salado creek are proposed.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34103
Ingeniería Ambiental
Hidrología
Medio ambiente
Cantón Cuenca
Evaluación de la calidad del agua en la quebrada El Salado mediante la aplicación del índice de calidad de agua (NSF) en la parroquia El Valle, cantón Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/223032020-08-03T15:51:13Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Aguilar Martínez, Sebastián Israel
author
2015
This project is focused on developing a cleaner production program for the Patrimonio Hotel. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of the services offered by the hotel, by minimizing the generation of solid waste, mitigating environmental pollution generated by the hotel activities and optimizing the use of materials, water and energy. To develop a Cleaner Production Program (P+L or PML) of a company for goods or services there are defined general international processes of including strategies for protection and care of the environment in addition to the efficient use of resources by grouping them into the following basic steps:
1. Creating the P+L program
2. Preparation of P+L. diagnosis
3. Diagnosis and evaluation of the raised data.
4. Preparation of feasibility studies.
5. General Plan of Cleaner Production.
The development of this thesis includes the study of environmental problems generated by the hotel activities; the evaluation of the various environmental aspects; analysis of Cleaner Production measures feasible to implement in the company, with the costs they represent; evaluation of the measures implemented with the improvements achieved and finally the plan of Cleaner Production opportunities are presented.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/22303
Calidad
Ingenieria Ambiental
Hotel Patrimonio
Plan de producción
Cantón Cuenca
Indicadores ambientales
Elaboración de un plan de producción más limpia para el Hotel Patrimonio de la ciudad de Cuenca
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/218022020-08-03T15:51:14Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Alvarracín Barros, Ana Belén
author
2015
The environmental situation of our planet, requires great actions to mitigate and prevent pollution, especially pollution anthropogenic provided with many substances, waste, effluents and harmful gases to the planet, mainly due to the growth of industrial activities.
That is why, it is considering and with interest in the environmental situation and especially industry is which has more emphasis on the development of mechanisms and systems of environmental management, which more than increase efficiency and promote the development and the excellence of the organization or company, are intended to prevent, mitigate and reduce the environmental impacts and also to preserve and care for the environment.
An environmental management system gives some guidelines for an organization or company to perform their activities environmentally friendly way.
The company Lactjubones, has seen fit the development of the environmental management system, with reference to the ISO 14001 standard, that is intended to carry out a proper handling of raw materials and inputs of the organization.
It is as well that management systems are intended for management and continuous improvement of policies, procedures and processes of an organization, since it is a set of activities and actions, which are carried out by different actors of the Organization to ensure adequate use and management of resources and care for the environment.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21802
Gestión ambiental
Ingenieria Ambiental
Empresa de lácteos
Sistema de gestión
Medio ambiente
Diseño del sistema de gestión ambiental según la norma ISO 14001, para la empresa de lacteos LACTJUBONES
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/219752020-08-03T15:51:14Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Manobanda Manotoa, Santiago David
author
Heras Bermeo, Víctor Alfonso
author
2015
The project focuses on quantifying methane production using the sludge from the Urubamba’s treatment plant wastewater. We adapted 6 reactors pilots, we monitored biogas’ generation through AME technical and we evaluated of the results obtained within the anaerobic system.
These sludge have dehydration treatment prior to disposal for subsequent disposal in the landfill and the intention of this project is to exploit those sludge gettingbiogas.
The method used is a volumetric method, it utilizes the technique AME (Specifies methanogen activity). This technique helps us to quantify the biogas generated through microbiological activity.the method to be used in the preparation of this project is a volumetric quantification method AME technique (specific methanogenic activity) is to use a chemical (caustic soda) to sequester CO2 and methane pass.
From the results obtained we quantified effectively the biogas, in this manner, we have tested and verified compliance with our stated objective, we quantified effectively the gas generated within 6 reactors having results of technical AME in theREACTOR 1= 0.061Kg DQO/Kg SVT, REACTOR 3= 0.352Kg DQO/Kg SVT, REACTOR 5= 0.134Kg DQO/Kg SVT, REACTOR 2= 0.121Kg DQO/Kg SVT, REACTOR 4= 0.261Kg DQO/Kg SVT, REACTOR 6= 0.639Kg DQO/Kg SVT,this data is in the 55 day study , also the retention time of stabilization of the pH , the volume of methane and the reactor temperature for each favorable comparison.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/21975
Ingenieria Ambiental
Biogas
Reactor anaeróbico
Aguas residuales
Ucubamba
Tratamiento de aguas
Reactor piloto
Cuantificación del metano utilizando la técnica de actividad metanogénica específica en lodos provenientes de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de Ucubamba
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/349742020-11-04T07:00:25Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Tigre Landy, Jhony Javier
author
2020-10-28
The main objective of this study is to determine the demand for crop water or known as
crop evapotranspiration (ETc) at different scales by using two vegetation indices such as
the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation
(SAVI) through remote sensing satellite. The study was carried out conducted in the
Paute river basin where three images of the Landsat 8 satellite and one of Landsat 7 was
used to determine the NDVI and SAVI index. Therefore, these indices were used to
estimate the crop coefficient (Kc - VI). To calculate the reference evapotranspiration
(ETCr), the Penman-Monteith equation proposed by FAO was used with meteorological
data for a period of 5 months. A cubic spline interpolation was applied to obtain daily
series of vegetation index between pairs of continuous images. With the calculation of
these two factors: (i) the crop coefficient (Kc-VI) and (ii) the evapotranspiration reference
(ETCr), the crop evapotranspiration (ETCs) was estimated. The results indicate that crop
evapotranspiration with the SAVI index has a similar mean value at daily scale when
compared to other investigations performed in the same study area and surrounding
areas. Further improvement of the results will demand a larger series of satellite images
and meteorological data. However, direct measurements of ET and site-specific crop
coefficients would be of helpful to validate of the results and to determine correction
factors in order to improve ET estimates in the future
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34974
Ingeniería Ambiental
Cultivos
Vegetación
Provincia del Azuay
Estimación de la evapotranspiración de cultivo de la cuenca del río Paute mediante imágenes satelitales
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/277232019-12-18T14:12:48Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Narváez Albarracín, Jorge Enrique
author
2017
This is the first study carried out on the andean bear within the Macizo del Cajas Biosphere Reserve. Twenty camera traps were installed and distributed in the forests: Las Américas, Palmas, and Rocafuerte. Were obtained 43 capture events with a total of 499 visual files. 363 photographs and 136 videos were counted, of which 30 photos (8.26%) and 37 videos (27.20%) were the files used for identification. The identification was made through the analysis of the morphological characteristics of the pattern of facial and pectoral marks. The CAPTURE program estimated a population of 7 individuals with a standard error of 3.06. The analysis of the possible physical habitat showed that there are about 1006.81 Km2 of Montane Forest, Evergreen Forest, and Matorral, which represent 67.40% of the study area. Given the low number of catches at the Palmas and Rocafuerte stations, information on the individual movements of bears and their activity patterns are limited, so continuing and increasing monitoring by establishing more stations within the proposed area is necessary for a better data collection that complements this information and thus be able to design conservation measures for this species.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27723
Oso andino
Tremarctos ornatus
Macizo de El Cajas
Biosfera
Andes
Ecuador
Estimación del tamaño poblacional del Oso Andino (tremarctos ornatus) en las estribaciones occidentales de la Reserva de Biosfera Macizo del Cajas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/270132020-08-03T15:51:16Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Puglla Flores, Jonny Leonel
author
2017
The stream Yaguaimi currently supplies raw water to the water purification plant of the Patuca parish, which has served as the main source of water supply since 1987, however in the course of time, part of this micro-catchment Has been affected by anthropic activities that take place in the same and that have put at risk the quality of the vital liquid; This project analyzed parameters of water quality both physicochemical and microbiological and proposed a management plan of the micro-basin under study that will help for the improvement and preservation of water quality.
Water samples were taken for a period of 6 months, at two points corresponding to 500 meters and 1500 meters upstream from the current catchment, with the purpose of analyzing the differences of the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters in these two points, Being able to recommend on the basis of this analysis a site of catchment with levels of contamination acceptable for its later treatment, the samples of water that were collected were analyzed in the Laboratory of Sanitary of the Faculty of Civil Engineering pertaining to the University of Cuenca; With the results obtained, the current status of the water quality and its level of acceptance for its subsequent treatment and human consumption were determined, for which the laboratory results were compared with the TULSMA, BOOK VI, ANNEX 1, proposing alternatives for care and Management of this micro-basin under study.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27013
Calidad de agua cruda
Impactos ambientales
Plan de manejo
Muestreos
Evaluación de la calidad del agua cruda captada con fines de consumo humano en la parroquia Patuca y propuesta de un plan de manejo de la microcuenca Yaguaimi
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/277432019-12-18T14:14:19Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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García Quito, Andrés Guillermo
author
Ludizaca Viracocha, Wilson Esteban
author
2017
The community of Tabacay located in the canton of Azogues, Cañar province, does not have a wastewater treatment and directly discharges its black waters into one of the streams that joins the Tabacay River, altering the natural composition of the water. The purpose of the project is the design of a system of artificial wetlands. The project started with a meeting with EMAPAL EP technicians and the community to inform them about the project and establish a site for the system to be implemented in the future.
A sampling site at the point of discharge of the largest number of domicile interconnected to the community wastewater channel was designated for analysis of the parameters (pH, suspended solids, volatile solids, sedimented solids, nitrites, nitrates, BOD , COD and phosphorus) and subsequent comparison with the Environmental Quality and Effluent Discharge Standards (TULSMA BOOK 6 ANNEX 1). For the design, data obtained from laboratory analysis and tables, theoretical flows and population growth were used to guarantee a useful life of the system, the appropriate vegetation was chosen for the zone, that complies with the removal of pollutants and the correct oxygenation of the wetland. Finally, the cost of plant implementation was estimated, with unit values for material and labor for the correct operation of the plant, adiotinally an operation and maintenance manual was performed to guarantee the efficiency of the system.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27743
Humedad artificial
Aguas residuales
Comunidad de Tabacay
Cantón Azogues
Provincia Cañar
Ingenieria Ambiental
Diseño de un sistema de humedales artificiales para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales en la comunidad del Tabacay, cantón Azogues, provincia de Cañar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/341022020-03-05T19:27:18Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Espinoza Sanmartín, Raquel Guadalupe
author
Merchán Pesántez, Jessica Alexandra
author
2020-03-05
Drought is one of the most important hydrological events because of the magnitude of the scope; which has environmental, social and economic impact. Thus, drought forecast for water resources management is essential. Machángara River sub-basin provides different ecosystem services, excelling water supply for different sectors. Therefore, a predictive model in the microbasin of Chulco River was carried out using climatic indices and meteorological variables. First, three types of droughts: meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological were characterized through the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Effective Reconnaissance Drought Index (eRDI) and the Standardized Flow Index (SSI), respectively. Also, in order to analyze time series at the component level, Wavelet Discrete Transform (DTW) was applied to decompose the indices. Then, the performance of the model was evaluated by applying K-Fold and Hold-out validation. The results indicate that (a) climatic indices, meteorological variables, and drought indices correlate with the different types of droughts. However, its influence depends on the response time to the precipitation deficit and the hydrological cycle. (b) The most favorable validation process is the random type (K-Fold). (c) For the SPI 1 and SPI 3 index, the best predictors correspond to local variables, while climatic indices are used at 6 and 12-month scales. (d) The eRDI and SSI indices are best predicted using the same indices. It indicates dependence between drought types
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34102
Ingeniería Ambiental
Desastre Natural
Sequia
Rio Chulco
Cantón Cuenca
Valoración multiescalar de un modelo de regresión para el pronóstico de sequías en la microcuenca del río Chulco usando predictores climáticos y descomposición Wavelet
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/314972020-08-03T15:51:19Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Fernández Muñoz, Rocío Elizabeth
author
Saquisilí Guartamber, Giovanna Cristina
author
2018
In this project, the noise pollution in the urban area of the town of Biblian, in the province of Cañar, was evaluated. I order to do that, the sound pressure levels were measured for the period of sixty minutes in fifty-one define points considering the following judgements: the first, a technical one based on the experience of geo-statistic models, and the second one according to geographic delimitation. The measuring was done during peak hours, from 7:10 to 09:20, 12:00 to 14:10 and 17:00 to 19:10, the results obtained were sustained-equivalent-corrected sound pressure levels (LKeq) fluctuating between 45,19 dB(A) - 75,57 dB(A), 45,24 dB(A) - 72,12 dB(A) and 47,52 - 74,66 dB(A) respectively. At the same time, the vehicle circulation was determined by means of a manual gauge. Likewise, when comparing these results to the current environmental regulation, averagely, 78 % of the peaks overpassed the regular numbers. On the other hand, the level of bonding between the LKeq and vehicle circulation was obtained by means of the Pearson´s correlation coefficient, which were positive and significant during the periods of time with results of 0,81, 0,82, and 0,79. By using the sound maps, it was noticed that he urban area of Biblián is a noisy one, being the vehicle circulation itself the main emitting source. However, noise levels below 55 dB(A) were registered in certain areas with a little traffic, generally locatedin the north, east, and south rural areas of the study zone.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31497
Circulación vehícular
Ingenieria Ambiental
Límite máximo
Mapa acústico
Ruido ambiental
Evaluación de los niveles de presión sonora en el área urbana del cantón Biblián, provincia del Cañar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/356932021-03-03T07:00:28Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Contreras Arévalo, Tanya Augusta
author
Fernández Zhinín, René Fabricio
author
2021-03-01
The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of vegetation and topography on
the storage of organic carbon and the thickness of the soil in a micro-basin of páramo in
the south of Ecuador.A total of 135 sampling sites were selected, which were distributed
within the study area. The sites were classified based on the vegetation cover (cushion
plants, tussock grasses and native forest) and the topographic position (concave, convex
and straight). Altered and unaltered soil samples were collected from the horizons (O, A,
AC and AC) at each site. The organic carbon concentration (%C) and bulk density (DA)
were determined for the collected soil samples in order to calculate the total carbon
storage (TCS). Results showed average TCS values of 27.43 kg/m2
, 34.27 kg/m2
, 41.05
kg/m2
, for tussock grasses, cushion plants and forest vegetation respectively; while for
the topographic position the average values varied from 31.06 kg/m2
, 35.16 kg/m2
and
36.53 kg/m2
, for concave, convex and straight, respectively. Forest soils have the greatest
accumulation of organic carbon, followed by soils formed under cushion plants and
tussok grass covers; although the latter two represent the most important soils for carbon
reserves due to their extension on the territory. Furthermore, results revealed that the
vegetation cover exerts a greater influence on the soil depth (soil thickness) compared to
the effect of topography, especially at the valley bottoms and plain areas covered by
cushions plants. Finally, this study has highlighted the importance of carbon storage in
the subsoil as an important carbon source and it should be integrated in future research
for modelling purposes.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/35693
Ingeniería Ambiental
Carbono orgánico
Topografía
Análisis de la variabilidad espacial en el desarrollo del suelo y su relación con el almacenamiento de carbono en una microcuenca en el sur del Ecuador: Interacción de la cobertura vegetal y topografía
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/198552020-08-03T15:51:20Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Urdiales Flores, Diego Hernán
author
2014
The change of matrix energy in Ecuador and the worldwide energy crisisand technological advances, are the reasons for the use of renewable energy in the country, and in this case photovoltaic.
Furthermore, the absence of electric service in communities geographically difficult to receive the service by conventional electric networks, this has made the government in yearsimplement rural electrification with photovoltaic systems.
In Chapter I, photovoltaic solar energy is investigated, emphasizing mainly the impacts generated by the implementation of this type of power, also the legal framework for this activity.
In Chapter II, the activities performed and necessary inputs that are used to provide electric service to the communities involved in the project described.
In Chapter III, the social and environmental components involved in rural electrification of this project are described. Surveys analyzedsocio - environmental strengths and weaknesses in respect to solid waste management.A total of 2060 these surveys were conducted at 65 beneficiaries.
In Chapter IV, the positive and negative environmental impacts in the photovoltaic project are determined. Regional impacts are categorized using Leopold Matrix.
In Chapter V, includes the programs of the Environmental Management Plan, which have measures to prevent and mitigate environmental impacts.
In Chapter VI, the management of solid waste from generation to disposal is described.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/19855
Sistemas fotovoltaícos
Proyecto Yantsa Ii Etsari
Centro Sur
Ingenieria Ambiental
Gestión integral de residuos en etapas de preinstalación, instalación, funcionamiento y retiro de los sistemas fotovoltaicos de la segunda etapa del proyecto Yantsa ii Etsari en la Empresa Eléctica Regional Centro Sur C. A.
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/407122023-01-13T12:30:29Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Parra Guerrero, Jorge Andrés
author
2023-01-11
This work aims to identify, evaluate and develop an impact management plan for trail
running activities, because in recent decades the practice of recreational activities in
the natural environment has experienced a significant increase, and with this, the
emergence of new social phenomena linked to the increase in the number and diversity
of sporting events developed in the natural environment (Erazo, 2020, p. 4).
These types of events can cause significant impacts either to water resources, soil,
vegetation or fauna of the site.
This study seeks to have greater control when organizing this type of event, minimizing
possible environmental impacts resulting from the large number of visitors.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40712
Ingeniería Ambiental
Cuidados ambientales
Impacto ambiental
Recursos hídricos
Evaluación, identificación y plan de manejo de impactos ambientales en competencias de trail running en la provincia del Azuay
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/349202020-11-25T07:00:28Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Criollo Illescas, Freeddy Adrián
author
Lara Delgado, Viviana Elizabeth
author
2020-10-22
This project was developed in the Treatment Plant "El Cebollar" Drinking Water (PTAP). Its purpose was to evaluate the hydraulic conditions, optimal doses, efficiency of the coagulation and flocculation processes. The hydraulic evaluation allowed obtaining the gradients of speed and retention times of both coagulation and flocculation, which were necessary to apply them in the jar tests. The results were obtained with the similar conditions of the PTAP. Jar tests were carried out from March to August 2019 in order to obtain the optimal dose of aluminum sulfate (SA) and cationic polymer (PC) based on turbidity parameters (TURB), apparent color (CA) and pH, which were applied to flows of 1000, 950 and 800 l / s of raw water. The jar test results were used to perform the dosing and efficiency curves for Type A Aluminum Sulfate (SAGA), Type B Aluminum Sulfate (SAGB) and PC.
Using SAGA in the jar tests, an average removal percentage of TURB (96.11%) and CA (98.60%) was obtained; when SAGB was used, an average removal percentage of TURB (95.65%) and CA (97.82%) was obtained. For both cases the pH had variability within the bibliographic range. On the other hand, when applying the coagulant together with the flocculant, a 5% more of the removal percentages were obtained than when supplying only SA. Moreover, it was determined that the PC has a similar behavior by being used with the two coagulants regarding the percentage removal TURB , CA and pH variation. The dose of SAGA used was lower compared to SAGB.
The results that were obtained will serve to improve the purification of water in the analyzed processes. In addition, it will improve the efficiency in the dosing of the coagulant and flocculant, and consequently, it will generate the reduction of the costs for the purchase of chemicals.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34920
Ingeniería Ambiental
Polímero catiónico
Potabilización del agua
Evaluación de los procesos de coagulación y floculación en la planta de tratamiento de agua potable de El Cebollar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/233322020-08-03T15:51:20Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Quizhpe Parra, Carlos Hernán
author
2015
This study aims to estimate the potential of energy from agricultural and forestry biomass in the coverage area of the Pacalori megaproject, project developed by the Secretaría Nacional del Agua (SENAGUA) of Ecuador and Proyecto para el Manejo del Agua y del Suelo (PROMAS) of the University of Cuenca, has 190,000 hectares in the province of Los Rios, in addition Balzar canton of Guayas province, Ecuador. This estimate takes into account only the fraction of the biomass located on ground level, AGB. LiDAR technology was used in this estimate. By way of comparison AGB estimation was performed using vegetation indices (IV), these were the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf Area Index (LAI). From LiDAR point cloud belonging to different study area Digital Elevation Models (DEM) according to the present in the same coverages they were generated. The range of height values present in these DEM was used for the weighted average height of hedges. Using empirical equations based on these heights the average values obtained 859,174.2 Mg on average, taking into account the usable biomass reaches 54%. Finally the thermal analysis of samples taken in the field was done. Thus the usable energy potential of the study area TJ 11'907,591.25 obtaining an average energy was estimated.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/23332
Biomasa
Ingenieria Ambiental
Energias renovables
Indices de vegetación
Sensores remotos
Provincia de Los Ríos
Ecuador
Estimación del potencial energético proveniente de biomasa agroforestal en la provincia de Los Ríos-Ecuador
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/401692022-11-02T07:00:31Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Bustamante Peralta, Jorge Sebastián
author
Gómez García, Natasha Estefanía
author
2022-11-01
The chemical processes of coagulation and flocculation are the most important
processes in water treatment since, thanks to the addition of coagulants and
flocculants, they cause certain colloidal substances present in raw water to
agglutinate, facilitating subsequent processes for purification. It is for this reason
that this study aimed to evaluate the performance of a horizontal flow tubular
flocculator (FTFH) and a vertical flow tubular flocculator (FTFV) using Poly Aluminum
Chloride (PAC) as a coagulant and cationic polyelectrolyte as flocculant, to remove
turbidity and color and then compare the results with those of a conventional plant.
For whic, experimental tests were carried out in two pilot flocculators made of PVC
tubes with diameters of 75 mm and 110 mm for the FTFH and diameters of 63 mm
and 110 mm for the FTFV, using different turbidities of raw water (15 , 50 , 100 and
1000 NTU), flow rates of 0.5, 1 and 2 L/s, as well as pipe lengths of 90, 97.6 and
187.6 m for the FTFH, and 90, 80 and 170 m for the FTFV. To determine the
efficiency of turbidity and color removal, raw water, settled water and filtered water
samples were taken, both from the pilot system and from the conventional system
of the Bayas Potable Water Treatment Plant (PTAP-B). In turn, the efficiency of the
PAC coagulant and aluminum sulfate was compared, in the latter the results of two
previous studies were taken. Additionally, hydraulic parameters such as velocity
gradients and retention time were determined using tracers. Finally, the results of
this study showed that the efficiency at the filter outlet of the pilot system, with prior
use of the FTFH, was 95.8 % for turbidity and 97.2 % for color; with the FTFV it was
98.48% and 99.4% for turbidity and color, respectively; while the PTAP - B was 98.78
% for turbidity and 99 % for color. Demonstrating in this way that both systems were
efficient and complied with INEN 1108 regulations. It was also shown that there was
a better performance of the process when substituting the aluminum sulfate
coagulant for PAC.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40169
Ingeniería Ambiental
Ingeniería Química
Química del agua
Agua potable
Desempeño de floculadores tubulares usando policloruro de aluminio como coagulante en la potabilización del agua
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/341042020-03-05T19:45:35Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Farfán Fajardo, Jaime Andrés
author
2020-03-05
In this thesis is analyzed the effect that the width of the riverbank forest has on the quality of the water that drains superficially and subsurface from the Tomebamba’s river watershed located in Cuenca’s city, using the Water Quality Index of the National Sanitation Foundation (ICA-NSF) with the arithmetic and geometric equations. A total of three sites were evaluated, one without riparian forest 6m wide, and two with riparian forest 10 and 15m wide respectively, analyzing water samples at the entrance and exit of each of the sites, through wells excavated for water accumulation, during the months of June, July and August, where conditions of transition from rainy to dry season were presented. The capacity of each scenario to regulate the parameters that make up the ICA-NSF was identified using the analysis of variance statistical test (ANOVA) and boxplot. Subsequently, the variation between the input and output ICAs of each study site was calculated to correlate them using the Pearson correlation coefficient with their respective widths. The results obtained were also compared with the two equations used to calculate the ICAs. Water quality indexes were found between "GOOD" and "MEDIA" (the former being predominant) with values between 62.38 and 86.37, and the results of the geometric equation were lower. The conditions of Dissolved Oxygen and pH were the most unfavorable with minimum subindexes of 15 and 9 respectively. Negative correlations indexes close to -1 were obtained, reflecting a decrease of the ICA in the sites of greater width and with forest.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34104
Ingeniería Ambiental
Hidrología
Contaminación
Río Tomebamba
Cantón Cuenca
Evaluación de calidad del agua de la cuenca del Tomebamba, en función del ancho de los bosques de ribera
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/335182020-08-03T15:51:22Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Santander Lata, Christian Omar
author
Suárez Peñafiel, María Caridad
author
2019-10-17
Caimatan River provides water to the communities from the San Antonio parish, which use this resource for daily activities, such as irrigation and domestic usage. The water´s quality is compromised because of the high anthropic intervention and land-use change between the upstream and downstream of the river´s micro-basin. Therefore, an assessment of the water´s quality was necessary. By using the National Sanitation Foundation´s Water Quality Index, carried out through sampling at three different points of the river, each one with different environmental conditions, such as altitude and temperature, which affected final results.
Besides the water quality assessment, Segarra is methodology from 2017, to determine water protection areas was applied. This methodology started with a soil assessment that identifies areas in which anthropic activities are being done inside fragile territory.
APH assessment results point out higher priority areas, which make up to 16,65 % (947,69 ha) of the total influence area (5690.75 ha) and are located on high resource offer, demand and vulnerability areas, distributed mainly on the high part (upstream) of the microbasin on ecosystems high importance for the hydrological cycle; results point out that water quality ranged from good to medium.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33518
Ingeniería Ambiental
Microcuenca
Protección hídrica
Ecosistema
Caracterización del medio físico para la determinación de las áreas de protección hídrica del río Caimatan en el cantón Cañar.
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/287272020-08-03T15:51:23Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Valarezo Aguilar, Lisbeth Katherine
author
2017
Meteorological droughts are very complex climatic phenomena that consist of a significant deficit of below-normal rainfall over a relatively long period of time. Droughts in tropical regions have received little attention and there are few studies that take into account its spatial and temporal characteristics. In this study, the characterization of meteorological droughts in the Paute river basin was performed through the application of the standardized precipitation index at various time scales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months). Part of this characterization included the calculation of the following parameters: persistence, duration, severity, frequency, number of events, their occurrence and severity, as to identify to what degree droughts had a regional behavior. Monthly rainfall data were used from 8 rainfall stations located in the Paute basin in the period 1980-2010. The results show that the 3 and 12 month time scales have a greater sensitivity to the frequency changes that represent short and long term drought events, facilitating the characterization of droughts. The stations Piscícola Chirimichay, Cuenca-Aeropuerto and Palmas-Azuay, when located in different sub-basins, show different behaviors that better represent the diversity of the different drought categories. The results were only a regional drought registered in 1985, determined as the most representative event of the study period.
With the information obtained valid and precise information will be provided to the institutions in charge of the management of water resources, providing a tool that facilitates the objective and quantitative evaluations of the severity of droughts.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/28727
Ingenieria Ambiental
Sequia
Metereología
Regiones montañosas
Andes
Ecuador
Caracterización de las sequías meteorológicas en la cuenca del Paute mediante la aplicación del índice de precipitación estandarizado en diversas escalas temporales
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/235192020-08-03T15:51:23Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Tello Gallegos, Micaela
author
Zari Nasqui, Sandra Elizabeth
author
2016
Hidropaute is currently biggest Hydroelectric Power Plant operating in Ecuador, with the highest number of electricity generating units working in Mazar and Molino. All industrial activities have aninevitably impact on the environment, the generation units need an ongoing maintenance to ensure their correct operation, also general services activities and medical attention are required as a support inside the plants. There are some dangerous waste generated like used oils (17.740 kg), dielectric oil polluted with PCB (1.137 kg), adsorbent material contaminated (1.967 kg), luminaires (650 kg), and biohazardous waste (150 kg)that could affect the environment or people´s health. For this reason, the main goal would be to have a Hazardous Waste Minimization Planto avoid these risks and achieved the environmental laws. The reduction alternatives were designbased on diagnosis of current situation in waste management,through interview and surveying activities, analysis of data from different sources of company and direct observation of waste´s composition. In base of collected information, the hazardous waste was inventory and priority. In addition, we made a technical, economic and environmental analyze the options that ensure reduction of pollution. These alternatives are been made to reduce in 7% the production of hazardous wasteeach year and include staff trainings, replacement products and technological enhancement. Finally, with the goal to enforce and monitoring the program, we designed an indicator control board.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/23519
Ingenieria Ambiental
Medio ambiente
Desechos peligrosos
Gestión
Plan de minimización
Generadoras de electricidad
Monitoreo
Desarrollo de un plan de minimización de desechos peligrosos para la unidad de negocio Hidropaute
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/402862022-11-28T19:57:51Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Baculima Cabrera, Kely Alexandra
author
2022-10-21
The Tomebamba sub-basin is one of the four largest sub-basins in the city of Cuenca,
with an area of 38,041 ha. The river is born in the "three crosses", an area belonging
to the Cajas National Park and ends at the junction with the Machángara River forming
the Cuenca River. The basin has suffered great alterations over the last decades due
to anthropogenic activities, the same ones that deteriorate the hydric capacity and the
quality of the water, as well as the climatic variability that has played an important role
in this sense. This has caused great economic and material losses. In this aspect,
with the purpose of solving this problem, different hydroeconomic models have been
implemented in similar basins in order to generate scientific evidence for decision
making. In this study, the future hydroeconomic availability of water in the Tomebamba
river basin was analyzed using the WEAP model. For the development of the model,
remote sensing data, climatic, hydrological, water demand, from various digital
databases were used. Based on the results generated by the model, the necessary
data was obtained to determine the future behavior of the Tomebamba river basin in
the years 2021 - 2050, which depended on the climatological and hydrological
variations that occurred in the base years (1998 - 2014).
Based on different climatic and demographic scenarios, information was generated on
the analysis of water supply and demand in the Tomebamba river basin, based on
different climatic and demographic scenarios. Finally, an economic analysis of water
availability was carried out, highlighting the unsatisfied demands for water in the
different current and future scenarios.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/40286
Ingeniería Ambiental
Escenarios climáticos
Ríos
Variantes hidrológicas
Análisis de la disponibilidad hidroeconómica futura del agua en la cuenca del río Tomebamba usando el modelo WEAP
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/365162021-07-28T07:00:31Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Pacheco Fajardo, Juan Diego
author
2021-07-19
In this study, two strains of Gram negative bacteria were isolated from the soils of three mining areas of the Portovelo canton with the objective of determining their resistance to different concentrations of mercury (Hg) and evaluating their ability to remove this metal. Three soil samples were collected at random, in places where the use of Hg was detected in the separation of gold. The resistance capacity of the bacteria to Hg was evaluated in vitro, for this, the bacteria were extracted from the soil by inoculating 1 g of soil in solid culture media; the bacteria that grew and developed in these media were reseeded in media containing concentrations of 0; fifty; and 100 ppm of mercury chloride (HgCl2). Two strains of bacteria named BA and BN, showed resistance to different concentrations of HgCl2, these two strains were identified as a Gram Negative bacillus and a Great Negative coco, respectively. To evaluate the ability to remove Hg, the two bacterial strains were inoculated for 5 days in liquid medium with concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm of HgCl2, after the inoculation time had elapsed, the concentration of Hg in the media was less than 3 ppm, which means removal percentages greater than 96% by the two strains. In order to verify that this reduction in Hg concentration was given by the action of bacteria, the initial and final concentration of Hg in media that did not contain bacteria was also measured, after 5 days, the concentration in those media it did not change significantly, which suggests that the removal of Hg was caused by microbial action in the media that did contain bacteria. The results of this research contribute directly to the design of bioremediation strategies for soils contaminated by mining activities in the Portovelo areas.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/36516
Ingeniería Ambiental
Suelo
Contaminación
Resistencia
Cantón Portovelo
Zonas mineras
Resistencia y capacidad para remover mercurio, de bacterias aisladas desde los suelos de las zonas mineras de Portovelo en Ecuador
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424922023-07-25T20:24:51Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Parra Quezada, Juan José
author
2023-07-24
Conventional sanitation is not an ecologically or economically sound option to manage
domestic wastewater, especially in rural areas where lack of access to the service has
environmental and public health repercussions. Alternative treatment systems have been
raised as sustainable sanitation options, where vermifiltration has been classified as one of
the best technologies. The objective of this work was the implementation and evaluation of a
pilot vermifilter used as the only treatment of domestic wastewater; The quality of the effluent
for its use in irrigation and the implementation of this technology as a circular economy
strategy were analyzed. A vermifilter was implemented and 14 physicochemical and
microbiological parameters were monitored every 5 days for 60 days. Removal efficiencies
between 85.7% and 91.6% were obtained for BOD5; 81.1% and 87.1% for COD, 62.80%
nitrites, 76.8% nitrates and 76% ammonia and efficiencies greater than 90% turbidity. The
Water Quality Index proposed by Dinius indicated that the effluent from vermifiltration is
suitable for irrigation in most crops, while the Global Index of Wastewater for irrigation
classified the effluent as unsuitable for agricultural use due to the concentration of pathogens.
In this way, vermifiltration is emerging as a good alternative treatment option, in accordance
with the guidelines of the circular economy thanks to its conception, efficiency and nongeneration of toxic waste.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42492
Ingeniería Ambiental
Tratamiento residual
Aguas residuales
Saneamiento sostenible
Implementación y evaluación de un vermifiltro piloto empleado como tratamiento único de aguas residuales domésticas en una vivienda de la parroquia Baños, analizando su aplicación como una estrategia de economía circular
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/269842020-08-03T15:51:24Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
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Araujo Flores, Fabian Antonio
author
2017
Noise is a type of energetic pollution that can negatively affect ecosystems as well as endanger human health. The objective of this current project is to determine the levels of sonar pressure that can be registered in the urban area of Cañar. For this reason, certain points within the district have been selected at random and monitored, according to the political map of the town limits with the aid of the program Arcgis 10,3. All of the monitored spots have been geo-referenced, and during this process, the vehicular flow and its temporariness have also been registered. The analysis took place at what is considered to be peak hours for influx of noise, from 07:00h to 08:00h, 13:00h to 14:00h, and 20:00h to 21:00h. The equipment used was a sound level meter PCE-322A class 2, pressure levels were captured in an acoustic map which displayed the locations with the highest concentration of noise pollution. The analysis was completed over a radius of thirty unique spots located in the urban region of Cañar from the months of August to September of 2016. The obtained results showed levels of sonar pressure between 51,23dB and 82,09dB and this fact is attributed to vehicular traffic and current environmental conditions in Cañar such as wind. Furthermore, the zones with the greatest noises were those in near distance to Panamericana and Jaime Roldós (in front of the terminal), as well as Panamericana and 24 de Mayo, with noise levels above seventy five decibels. With the fabrication of the acoustic map, the first sonar pressure diagnostic of the urban region of Cañar was completed
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/26984
Cantón Cañar
Urbanismo
Presión sonora
Ruido
Ingenieria Ambiental
Análisis comparativo de los niveles de presión sonora registrados en el área urbana del cantón Cañar
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/424762023-07-31T13:44:37Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Morejón Estévez, Luis Sebastián
author
Pacho Guerrero, Jennifer Carolina
author
2023-07-24
Transport routes around the world are known to produce negative effects and pollution on
various ecosystems. For this reason, the aim of this research work was to assess the
influence of the Cuenca–Molleturo-Naranjal route on lead concentration, microbial
respiration and the main chemical characteristics of the soil (pH, CE, Eh) in the PNC,
Ecuador. For analysis, three sampling sites were established at the entrance, half and exit of
the park in which soil samples (0-20 cm) were taken, next to the road (0 m) and away from
the road (30 m); for microbial respiration n=3, lead n=2, pH n=3, CE n=3, Eh n=3 and
apparent density n=3. The average values along and away from the pathway were 0.72-0.65
g cm-3
, 5.89-5.51, 96.76-67.37 μS cm-1 and 303.59-323.46 mV for apparent density, pH, CE
and Eh respectively, 0.63-0.51 g m-2 d
-1
; for microbial respiration, 34.36-28.84 mg kg
-1
for
Pb. The results indicated a pathway influence on chemical parameters by showing a
statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the values of near and distant pathway
sites for pH, CE and Eh, as opposed to microbial respiration and Pb where no differences
were found. However, the concentration of Pb in soils exceeds by 1.7 the permissible limit
stipulated in Ecuador’s soil quality criteria which is 19 mg kg-1.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/42476
Ingeniería Ambiental
Respiración microbiana
Conductividad eléctrica
Influencia de la vía Cuenca - Molleturo sobre la concentración de plomo, la respiración microbiana y las condiciones del suelo en el Parque Nacional Cajas, Ecuador
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/277762019-12-19T13:15:54Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Arias Pillajo, Lisseth Paola
author
Guamán León, Diana Gabriela
author
2017
Cajas National Park (PNC) is located west of Cuenca, Azuay. It is a protected area due to its high ecological richness, becoming a natural hydric regulator. The Cuenca – Molleturo highway crosses the PNC, presenting a high vehicle flow since it is the main connection between Guayaquil and Cuenca, supporting both cities’ economic development. Vehicular traffic releases atmospheric pollutants such as combustion gases or particulate matter (PM 10, PM 2,5 and sedimentary matter), which affect local vegetation in the process of photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration; causing an apparent decrease of endemic biodiversity. The present research is focused on determining the effect of dustfall on the richness and abundance of vegetation, therefore, five main monitoring points were set up along the highway and six transversal points were set to a distance of 50, 150 and 250 meters from both edges of the road (left and right), where dustfall concentration, species richness, and individuals abundance of shrub vegetation were determined for subsequently getting a Spearman correlation between these variables. None of sedimentary material’s concentrations found in the study area exceeded the maximum allowable limits by the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULSMA), showing the highest concentrations in the points closest to the road. The sampled transects presented high Shannon diversity index values and similar richness between them. Finally, the biological variables correlation with the sedimentary material concentrations showed no significant effect on the richness and abundance of shrub vegetation in the study area.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27776
Ingenieria Ambiental
Parque Nacional El Cajas
Vegetación arbústica
Material sedimentable
Provincia del Azuay
Cantón Cuenca
Determinación de la concentración de material particulado sedimentable proveniente del tráfico vehicular en la vía Cuenca-Molleturo y su impacto sobre la vegetación arbustiva en El Parque Nacional Cajas
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/396012022-08-17T07:00:30Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Delgado León, Marilyn Elizabeth
author
Torres Aguirre, Doménica Nicolle
author
2022-08-11
The hotel industry is responsible for a large consumption of materials, water and energy which
produce an emission of greenhouse gasses (GHG) and its increase within the cities, for which
it is necessary that the establishments have a sustainable approach. In this study, there were
proposed Cleaner Production strategies focused on the Valgus Hotel located in the city of
Cuenca based on the year 2021. These prepositions will allow avoiding and mitigating
environmental impacts through the practices of incorporations that improve the quality of
processes and optimizing of supplies; as well as the estimation of the Carbon Footprint (CF)
from an inventory of GHG derived from hotel services commodities.
The Cleaner Production proposal was based on the development of four stages established by
the Cleaner Production General Technical Guide of the Promotion of Sustainable Technologies
Center in Bolivia and the development of an action plan which could be used for the
implementation of the proposal. Through the analysis of the current situation of the hotel
commodity, twelve CP options were identified and prioritized through technical-productivity,
technical-environmental and economic aspects. The application of the proposal projects a
saving of $2196 in one year related to the reduction of consumption of electricity, water,
products and fuels. In addition, the estimation of the CF was based on the Methodological
Guide for the Application of the UNE-ISO 14064-1:2006 Standard and the Guidelines of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The GHG inventory includes eight
emission sources classified into three scopes according to the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (WRI
& WBCSD, 2004). As a result, in 2021 the hotel in Cuenca, VALGUS, emitted 35,29 t CO2e,
with scope 1 being the main contribution to total carbon footprint with 66,12% followed by
scopes 2 and 3 with 31,69% and 2,19%. respectively. It is worth saying that by implementing
the Cleaner Production program proposal, it will be possible to reduce the CF to 31,89 t CO2e
per year.
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/39601
Ingeniería Ambiental
Huella de carbono
Impacto ambiental
Hoteles
Propuesta de un programa de producción más limpia y estimación de la huella de carbono en el hotel VALGUS de la ciudad de Cuenca”
oai:dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec:123456789/314982020-08-03T15:51:24Zcom_123456789_281com_123456789_276com_123456789_33356col_123456789_284
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Mosquera Tapia, Gustavo Israel
author
2018
The application of a Cleaner Production Program in the services sector is very little known, despite the environmental, economic and productive benefits that entails. In the present work a Cleaner Production Program plan was designed, with the purpose of optimizing the use of inputs, water and energy, minimizing the negative impacts generated in the administrative processes executed in the headquarters building of the Electric Company CENTROSUR. For which the Cleaner Production Program was taken as a reference by the Center for the Promotion of Sustainable Technologies, which was based on a set of activities grouped into five stages, except for the last one of implementation, monitoring and evaluation. Information from the years 2016 and 2017 was used for the consumption of electricity, drinking water and reams of paper, the lighting and electricity levels consumed by the lift were raised on-site, the consumption of lamps and spotlights was estimated, as well as the volume of water in taps and fittings. A total of nine Cleaner Production Program alternatives were evaluated considering environmental, economic and technical aspects
http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31498
Plan de producción
Insumos de oficina
Procesos
Consumo de agua
Ingenieria Ambiental
Elaboración de un Plan de Producción Más Limpia aplicado al consumo de agua, luz y resmas de papel en el edificio matriz de la Empresa Eléctrica CENTROSUR
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