La obesidad como predictor de severidad en pacientes adultos con COVID-19: revisión sistemática.2020

Abstract

Background: The type 2 coronavirus, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome that is abbreviated as SARS-CoV-2, constitutes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which is currently considered a pandemic since it has affected 192 countries, this pathology can present with different degrees of severity (mild, moderate and severe). On the other hand, obesity is one of the factors that has shown the most association in relation to the greater severity of COVID-19, for this reason it was decided to carry out the present systematic review. Objectives: To describe the relationship between obesity with the severity of COVID-19 in adult patients. Methods: It is a systematic review carried out through the following medical search engines: Pubmed, Scopus, Elsevier, Latindex, Redalyc, Hindawi and academic Google, with the keywords: "COVID-19", "Coronavirus", "SARS -Cov2 "," coronavirus disease "," Complications "," Severity "," Obesity "," BMI "," mortality "," inflammation caused by obesity ", "Moderate, severe, mild disease", oriented through Boolean connectors such as "AND" and "OR", the selection time studies time were between 2019 and 2021, the results were summarized in a proposed data matrix. Results: A total of 30 articles were evaluated, with samples that ranged between 33 and 515,090 patients with Covid-19, reporting that the mean gender distribution was 54.82% for males and females. 45.18%, according to age, the average was 58.59 years, 47% of the studies reported that obesity was a factor associated with the severity of Covid-19 cases, in the same way, the 30% indicated that the mortality of the patients was associated with obesity. Conclusion: a relationship between obesity and mortality due to Covid-19 was evidenced in 30% of the articles reviewed, for which it is essential that more studies of this type will be carried out in order to evaluate the behavior of this evidence throughout the pandemic developed by this virus.