Estudio retrospectivo del carcinoma de células escamosas en perros durante el periodo 2014 – 2018

Abstract

The aim of this retrospective investigation was the determination of the frequency of presentation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) in samples of canines admitted to a veterinary diagnostic center located at Quito city during the period 2014 to 2018, and their association to risk factors. The information of a total of 1918 clinical cases reported with canine malignancies was used, of which 1848 met the inclusion criteria and was part of the sample. For the development of the retrospective analysis, the inclusion of clinical cases related to neoplasms was considered, clinical cases were classified based on type of study, biopsy or cytology, and pathology´s lineage, subsequently the cases group related to epithelial lineage and specifically SCC and Subungual Squamous Cell Carcinoma, was analyzed. The statistical analysis was divided into descriptive analysis based on percentage calculations by levels and inferential statistical analysis to determinate association of variables age, breed and sex of patients against the presentation of SCC by chi-square at a confidence level of 95%, also calculating the contingency coefficient for determining the level of risk by odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (IC 95%). It was determined that the percentage of presentation of SCC cases during the period 2014 to 2018 was 7.14% (132), of 1848 of clinical cases, it was also determined that there is no association between the variable age versus to the pathology, reaching a p-value of 0.650 in the chisquare test; and contingency value of 0.018, determining the low relationship between variables; on the other hand, the association of the breed and sex variables was determined against the pathology in the chi-square test (p-value 0.000) and a contingency coefficient of 0.396 and 0.181 respectively, which determines an high and average level of association. It is concluded that there is no association or greater risk of SCC by age, but in the case of breed with short hair and male canines.