Determinación del metabolito tóxico de origen fúngico en leche cruda, pasteurizada y ultrapasteurizada consumidas en la ciudad de Cuenca: aflatoxina AFM1 mediante la técnica de elisa

Abstract

At present there is great concern of health agencies worldwide for food toxicology issues and pollution that has food by toxic metabolites such as aflatoxin AFM1 which is a latent risk in different health conditions such as immunosuppressive synthesis processes interrupting the formation of DNA and RNA causing relentless mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic further liver damage in animals, and group 1 carcinogen to humans , with an alarming problem that needs to be analyzed from the nutritional , toxicological , socioeconomic , environmental, scientific and control.

This study was conducted in order to determine quantitatively the content of aflatoxin AFM1 in three types of raw milk, pasteurized and ultra pasteurized consumed in the city of Cuenca, by ELISA technique and compare the results obtained with the maximum parameters referred internationally FDA (Food and Drug Administration of the United States of America) , FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization ) and current national regulations INEN ( Ecuadorian Standardization Institute ) . Of the samples tested any exceeded the detection limit of the technique ( 125 ppt or 0.125 ppb ) , which is below the maximum limits established by national law both INEN 9-10 force and the parameters set by FAO and FDA (0.5 ppb). Therefore, the concentration of aflatoxin AFM1 in milk analyzed by ELISA does not contain levels constituting a health risk to the consumer population.