Mortalidad y su relación con el estado nutricional en pacientes críticos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de octubre 2021 a enero del 2022, Cuenca Ecuador

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in critically ill patients has gained importance; studies have shown that obesity and malnutrition are independent risk factors for mortality, leading to a longer stay in intensive care and time on mechanical ventilation. In our country there is no data on malnutrition in critically ill patients or any relationship with mortality. Objective: Determine mortality and its relationship with nutritional status in patients in the Intensive Care Unit of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: Analytical, prospective observational study, clinical records were reviewed collecting sociodemographic data, biochemical and anthropometric parameters, arm and calf circumference. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated, Chi2 to measure association, relative risk, 95% confidence interval and p value (< 0.05) for statistical significance. Results: 81 patients, 46% aged between 20 and 44 years, 67% male, 85.2% with enteral nutrition,21% died. 43% of adults were overweight, 52% of older adults had a normal BMI, 46.9% had a moderate risk of malnutrition according to CONUT. Albumin values were lower at discharge, in deceased patients (2.39 mg/dl) and in living patients (2.83 mg/dl) (P= 0.019). Those malnourished according to calf circumference had higher mortality (P=0.030) with a RR 3.68 95% CI (1.08-12.5). Conclusions: There is a high percentage of overweight with a higher risk of death, there was no relationship between anthropometric or biochemical variables at admission, at discharge there was a relationship between mortality with albumin levels and malnutrition according to calf circumference.